Striatal activity underlies novelty-based choice in humans
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The desire to seek new and unfamiliar experiences is a fundamental behavioral tendency in humans and other species. In economic decision making, novelty seeking is often rational, insofar as uncertain options may prove valuable and advantageous in the long run. Here, we show that, even when the degree of perceptual familiarity of an option is unrelated to choice outcome, novelty nevertheless drives choice behavior. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we show that this behavior is specifically associated with striatal activity, in a manner consistent with computational accounts of decision making under uncertainty. Furthermore, this activity predicts interindividual differences in susceptibility to novelty. These data indicate that the brain uses perceptual novelty to approximate choice uncertainty in decision making, which in certain contexts gives rise to a newly identified and quantifiable source of human irrationality.
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In the ventral striatum specifically, responses to novel stimuli have been shown with fast-scan voltammetry and other techniques measuring extracellular DA concentrations, as well as with single unit recordings and fMRI.
“In the VS specifically, responses to novel stimuli have been shown with fast-scan voltammetry and other techniques measuring extra-cellular DA concentrations, as well as with single unit recordings and fMRI [71–73].”
From Contributions of the striatum to learning, motivation, and performance: an associative account (2012) · cites this paper as [73]
Other forms of automatic attention produced by salience or surprise are vital heuristics for allocating resources in very uncertain conditions, when the brain has not yet learnt how to learn.
“This raises the possibility that other forms of automatic attention that are produced by salience or surprise (Boehnke et al., 2011; Karacan and Hayhoe, 2008; Wittmann et al., 2008), rather than being mere weaknesses of a control mechanism, are vital heuristics for allocating resources in very uncertain conditions, when the brain has not yet learnt how to learn.”
From Attention, learning, and the value of information (2012) · cites this paper as Wittmann et al., 2008
Novelty acts as an exploration bonus in reward seeking tasks and is encoded in dopamine cells as an intrinsic bonus for exploration.
“Novelty has been proposed to act as an exploration bonus in reward seeking tasks (Wittmann et al., 2008), and to be encoded in dopamine cells as an intrinsic bonus for exploration (Redgrave and Gurney, 2006).”
From Attention, learning, and the value of information (2012) · cites this paper as Wittmann et al., 2008
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- Authors
- Wittmann, B. C., Daw, N. D., Seymour, B., & Dolan, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (GB)
- Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wittmann, Bianca C.
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 967-973
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2535823
- OpenAlex
- W2142699776
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 10.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Economic and Social Research Council (RES-538-28-1001)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- novelty seeking, decision making under uncertainty, striatum, economic decision-making, individual differences, irrationality
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Choice Behavior, Corpus Striatum, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance
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