The Yin and Yang of dopamine release: a new perspective
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Dopamine has undergone extensive investigation due to its known involvement in a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders. In particular, studies into pathological conditions have focused on the roles of high amplitude, phasically evoked dopamine release in regions such as the prefrontal cortex and striatum. However, research has shown that dopamine release can be more complex than just phasic release; thus, there is also a tonic, background dopamine release, with alterations in tonic dopamine release likely having unique and important functional roles. Unfortunately, however, tonic dopamine release has received relatively little attention. In this review, we summarize our recent studies and discuss how modulation of the dopamine system, both in terms of phasic activation and attenuation of tonic dopamine are important for the functions of brain regions receiving this dopamine innervation, and that imbalances in these dopamine release mechanisms may play a significant role in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia.
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Increased firing of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons has long been documented in response to rewards and aversive stimuli, and it has been suggested that they increase salience for both types of stimuli.
“increased firing of VTA dopamine neurons has long been documented in response to rewards as well as to aversive stimuli, and it has been suggested that they increase salience for both types of stimuli24, 73–76”
From Neurobiology of resilience (2012) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- GOTO, Y., OTANI, S., & GRACE, A.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- GOTO, Y
- Venue
- Neuropharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-10
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 583-587
- ISSN
- 0028-3908 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2078202
- OpenAlex
- W2004570705
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 10.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neuropharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2r01mh057440-26a1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-57440, R01-MH057440, R37MH057440)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- dopamine release, tonic dopamine release, phasic dopamine release, prefrontal cortex, striatum, schizophrenia, mental illness, neuromodulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Mental Disorders, Dopamine, Electrophysiology, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Afferent, Nucleus Accumbens, Stress, Psychological
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