A functional neuroimaging review of obesity, appetitive hormones and ingestive behavior
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Abstract
Adequate energy intake is vital for the survival of humans and is regulated by complex homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms. Supported by functional MRI (fMRI) studies that consistently demonstrate differences in brain response as a function of weight status during exposure to appetizing food stimuli, it has been posited that hedonically driven food intake contributes to weight gain and obesity maintenance. These food reward theories of obesity are reliant on the notion that the aberrant brain response to food stimuli relates directly to ingestive behavior, specifically, excess food intake. Importantly, functioning of homeostatic neuroendocrine regulators of food intake, such as leptin and ghrelin, are impacted by weight status. Thus, data from studies that evaluate the effect on weight status on brain response to food may be a result of differences in neuroendocrine functioning and/or behavior. In the present review, we examine the influence of weight and weight change, exogenous administration of appetitive hormones, and ingestive behavior on BOLD response to food stimuli.
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Interaction of such hormones in the periphery and hypothalamus plays a key role in regulation of appetite and satiety, and dysregulation has been implicated in obesity and food addiction.
“The interaction of such hormones in the periphery and in the hypothalamus play a key role in the regulation of appetite and satiety [23] and a dysregulation of these signaling systems has been implicated in obesity and food addiction [24].”
From Role of diet and its effects on the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of mental disorders (2022) · cites this paper as [23]
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Himmerich, H., & Treasure, J. (2018) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2018.1383895 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Central insulin modulates food valuation via mesolimbic pathways
Tiedemann, L. J., Schmid, S. M., Hettel, J., Giesen, K., Francke, P., Büchel, C., & Brassen, S. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms16052 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Terranova, C. O., Brakenridge, C. L., Lawler, S. P., Eakin, E. G., & Reeves, M. M. (2015) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12430 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
- Authors
- Burger, K. S., & Berner, L. A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Drexel University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Burger, Kyle S.
- Venue
- Physiology & Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 136
- Pages
- 121-127
- ISSN
- 0031-9384 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4519076
- OpenAlex
- W2075048575
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Physiology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- obesity, food reward, leptin, ghrelin, food intake regulation, weight status, BOLD signal, neuroendocrine regulation, weight change, ingestive behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Appetitive Behavior, Brain, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Obesity, Neuroimaging
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