Polysynaptic neural pathways between the hypothalamus, including the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the liver
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus is responsible for a 24-h rhythm in basal glucose levels in the rat. The neural pathways used by the suprachiasmatic nucleus to mediate this rhythm in plasma glucose have not yet been identified. In the present study we examined whether there are any connections between hypothalamic centers, including the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the liver, which is the main site for glucose production and storage. Transneuronal virus tracing from the liver showed that after injection of pseudorabies virus, specific neuronal cell populations in the central nervous system were labeled retrogradely, suggesting that specific sites in the central nervous system may control liver metabolism. First-order neurons belonged to the sympathetic and parasympathetic system, while second-order and third-order neurons were present in both the brainstem and hypothalamus. The presence of third-order neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus suggests an involvement of the biological clock in the neural control of the liver.
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Anatomical tracing experiments revealed synaptic connections between the SCN and the liver via the autonomic nervous system.
“Interestingly, our anatomical tracing experiments revealed synaptic connections between the SCN and the liver, via the autonomic nervous system (ANS) [62,63].”
From Circadian control of glucose metabolism (2014) · cites this paper as [62]
Multisynaptic projections from the SCN to the liver, pancreas, adrenal cortex, and adipocytes provide neuroanatomical pathways by which the SCN can influence metabolic-related factors.
“Multisynaptic projections from the SCN to the liver, pancreas, adrenal cortex, and adipocytes have been discovered, and these provide neuroanatomical pathways by which the SCN can influence metabolic-related factors (Buijs et al., 1999, 2001; Kreier et al., 2006; la Fleur et al., 2000).”
From The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function (2012) · cites this paper as la Fleur et al., 2000
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Self-citation
- Authors
- la Fleur, S. E., Kalsbeek, A., Wortel, J., & Buijs, R. M.
- Affiliations
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NL)
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-07
- Volume
- 871
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 50-56
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090387215
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- suprachiasmatic nucleus, hypothalamus, liver, circadian rhythm, plasma glucose, glucose metabolism, pseudorabies virus, retrograde tracing, biological clock
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Axonal Transport, Brain Stem, Hypothalamus, Liver, Male, Neural Pathways, Pseudorabies, Herpesvirus 1, Suid, Spinal Cord, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Synapses, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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