Cited by 596Historical and Modern Theater StudiesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesCognitive Functions and Memory

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in patients with focal frontal and posterior brain damage: effects of lesion location and test structure on separable cognitive processes

Stuss, D.T., Levine, B., Alexander, M.P., Hong, J., Palumbo, C., Hamer, L., Murphy, K.J., Izukawa, D.·2000·Neuropsychologia

Abstract

Forty-six patients with single focal lesions (35 frontal, 11 nonfrontal) were administered the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) under three conditions of test administration. The three conditions varied in the amount of external support provided via specificity of instructions. The WCST, while a multifactorial test, is specifically sensitive to the effects of frontal lobe damage if deficits in language comprehension and visual-spatial search are controlled. There is also specificity of functioning within the frontal lobes: patients with inferior medial frontal lesions, unilateral or bilateral, were not impaired on the standard measures although they had increased loss of set when informed of the sorting categories. Verbal instructions may provide a probe to improve diagnosis and prognosis, assessment of the potential efficacy of treatment, and the time frame of plasticity of specific cognitive operations.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0028-3932(99)00093-7

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7 of 7 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Authors
Stuss, D. T., Levine, B., Alexander, M. P., Hong, J., Palumbo, C., Hamer, L., Murphy, K. J., & Izukawa, D.
Affiliations
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Boston University (US)
Corresponding author
Stuss, D.T.
Venue
Neuropsychologia
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-04
Volume
38
Issue
4
Pages
388-402
ISSN
0028-3932 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2031322248
Cited by
596
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 28
FWCI
26.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neuropsychologia (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
Keywords
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, frontal lobe damage, set-shifting, verbal instructions, cognitive flexibility, lesion localization, cognitive plasticity, neuropsychological assessment
MeSH terms
Brain Injuries, Cognition, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuronal Plasticity, Neuropsychological Tests, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Stroke

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