Cited by 322Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors StudyNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchSmoking Behavior and Cessation

Brain nicotinic receptors: structure and regulation, role in learning and reinforcement

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Changeux, Jean-Pierre, Bertrand, Daniel, Corringer, Pierre-Jean, Dehaene, Stanislas, Edelstein, Stuart, Léna, Clément, Le Novère, Nicolas, Marubio, Lisa +2 more·1998·Brain Research Reviews

Abstract

The introduction, in the late sixties, of the concepts and methods of molecular biology to the study of the nervous system had a profound impact on the field, primarily through the identification of its basic molecular components. These structures include, for example, the elementary units of the synapse: neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and their receptors, but also ionic channels, intracellular second messengers and the relevant enzymes, cell surface adhesion molecules, or growth and trophic factors [21,78,81, 52,79]. Attempts to establish appropriate causal relationships between these molecular components, the actual organisation of neural networks, and a defined behavior, nevertheless, still must overcome many difficulties. A first problem is the recognition of the minimum levels of organisation, from the molecular, cellular, or multicellular (circuit) to the higher cognitive levels, that determine the given physiological and/or behavioral performance under investigation. A common difficulty (and potential source of errors of interpretation) is to relate a cognitive function to a network organization which does not possess the required structural complexity and vice-versa. Another problem is to distinguish, among the components of the system, those which are actually necessary and those which, taken together, suffice for a given behavior to take place. Identification of such a minimal set of building blocks may receive decisive insights from the elaboration of neurally plausible formal models that bring together, within a single and coherent 'artificial organism', the neuronal network, the circulating activity, and the behavior they determine (see [42,43,45,72,30]). In this communication, we shall attempt, still in a preliminary fashion, to bring together: (1) our recent knowledge on the molecular biology of brain nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) and their allosteric properties and (2) integrated behaviors, such as cognitive learning, investigated for instance with delayed-response or passive avoidance tasks that are likely to involve nAChRs in particular at the level of reinforcement (or reward) mechanisms (see [18,29,135]).

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  • Nicotinic receptors function as non-selective, excitatory cation channels.

    “Nicotinic receptors function as non-selective, excitatory cation channels (Changeux et al., 1998; Picciotto et al., 2001) and occur as homomeric or heteromeric assemblies of a large family of α- and β-subunits (α2-α7 and β2-β4; reviewed in (Picciotto et al., 2000)).”

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Authors
Changeux, J.-P., Bertrand, D., Corringer, P.-J., Dehaene, S., Edelstein, S., Léna, C., Le Novère, N., Marubio, L., Picciotto, M., & Zoli, M.
Affiliations
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Corresponding author
Changeux, Jean-Pierre
Venue
Brain Research Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1998-05
Volume
26
Issue
2-3
Pages
198-216
ISSN
0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1544301323
Cited by
322
References
155
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
1.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Keywords
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, allosteric regulation, receptor structure, learning, reinforcement, reward processing, delayed response, passive avoidance, neural network organization
MeSH terms
Allosteric Regulation, Animals, Binding Sites, Brain, Cognition, Humans, Learning, Models, Neurological, Nerve Net, Neurons, Receptors, Nicotinic, Reinforcement, Psychology, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Evolution, Molecular

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