Cited by 2,187Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiabetes Treatment and Management

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 98 of the 98 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Biessels, Geert Jan, Staekenborg, Salka, Brunner, Eric, Brayne, Carol, Scheltens, Philip·2006·The Lancet Neurology

DOI 10.1016/s1474-4422(05)70284-2

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The relation between diabetes and major types of dementia is controversial. This systematic review examines the incidence of dementia in people with diabetes mellitus. We identified 14 eligible longitudinal population-based studies of variable methodological quality. The incidence of "any dementia" was higher in individuals with diabetes than in those without diabetes in seven of ten studies reporting this aggregate outcome. This high risk included both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia (eight of 13 studies and six of nine studies respectively). Detailed data on modulating and mediating effects of glycaemic control, microvascular complications, and comorbidity (eg, hypertension and stroke) were generally absent. The findings of mechanistic studies suggest that vascular disease and alterations in glucose, insulin, and amyloid metabolism underlie the pathophysiology, but which of these mechanisms are clinically relevant is unclear. Further high quality studies need to be initiated, with objective diabetes assessment, together with reliable methods to establish the contribution of vascular disease and other comorbidity to dementia.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s1474-4422(05)70284-2

Cites

98 of 98 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Summary of the second report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II)
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944
Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS‐ADRDA Work Group* under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D., & Stadlan, E. M. (1984) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.34.7.939 · Cited by 27,915
Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011
Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology<SUBTITLE>A Proposal for Reporting</SUBTITLE>
Stroup, D. F. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.15.2008 · Cited by 20,623
Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes.
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1991) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00308809 · Cited by 16,123
Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications
Brownlee, M. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/414813a · Cited by 9,107
Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic
Zimmet, P., Alberti, K. G. M. M., & Shaw, J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/414782a · Cited by 5,883
Vascular dementia: Diagnostic criteria for research studies: Report of the NINDS‐AIREN International Workshop*
Román, G. C., Tatemichi, T. K., Erkinjuntti, T., Cummings, J. L., Masdeu, J. C., Garcia, J. H., Amaducci, L., Orgogozo, J.-M., Brun, A., Hofman, A., et al. (1993) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.43.2.250 · Cited by 4,921
Diabetes mellitus and the risk of dementia: The Rotterdam Study
Ott, A., Stolk, R. P., van Harskamp, F., Pols, H. A. P., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.53.9.1937 · Cited by 2,175
Practice parameter: Management of dementia (an evidence-based review) [RETIRED]
Doody, R. S., Stevens, J. E., Beck, C., Dubinsky, R., Kaye, J. A., Gwyther, L. P., Mohs, R. C., Thal, L. J., Whitehouse, P. J., DeKosky, S. T., et al. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.56.9.1154 · Cited by 1,708
Impaired insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and signaling mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease – is this type 3 diabetes?
Steen, E., Terry, B. M., J. Rivera, E., Cannon, J. L., Neely, T. R., Tavares, R., Xu, X. J., Wands, J. R., & de la Monte, S. M. (2005) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2005-7107 · Cited by 1,703
Insulin-degrading enzyme regulates the levels of insulin, amyloid β-protein, and the β-amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain in vivo
Farris, W., Mansourian, S., Chang, Y., Lindsley, L., Eckman, E. A., Frosch, M. P., Eckman, C. B., Tanzi, R. E., Selkoe, D. J., & Guénette, S. Y. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0230450100 · Cited by 1,526
Practice parameter: Diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review): Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
Knopman, D. S., DeKosky, S. T., Cummings, J. L., Chui, H., Corey–Bloom, J., Relkin, N., Small, G. W., Miller, B., & Stevens, J. C. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.56.9.1143 · Cited by 1,410
Pathological correlates of late-onset dementia in a multicentre, community-based population in England and Wales
(2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03589-3 · Cited by 1,338
Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
Lindsay, J. (2002) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwf074 · Cited by 1,261
Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer disease and decline in cognitive function
Arvanitakis, Z., Wilson, R. S., Bienias, J. L., Evans, D. A., & Bennett, D. A. (2004) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.61.5.661 · Cited by 1,258
Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life
Whitmer, R. A., Sidney, S., Selby, J., Johnston, S. C., & Yaffe, K. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000149519.47454.f2 · Cited by 1,238
Type 2 Diabetes, APOE Gene, and the Risk for Dementia and Related Pathologies
Peila, R., Rodriguez, B. L., & Launer, L. J. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.4.1256 · Cited by 1,207
Criteria for the diagnosis of ischemic vascular dementia proposed by the State of California Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centers
Chui, H. C., Victoroff, J. I., Margolin, D., Jagust, W., Shankle, R., & Katzman, R. (1992) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.42.3.473 · Cited by 1,201
The age-dependent relation of blood pressure to cognitive function and dementia
Qiu, C., Winblad, B., & Fratiglioni, L. (2005) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(05)70141-1 · Cited by 1,138
The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline
Yaffe, K. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.292.18.2237 · Cited by 1,025
Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Alzheimer Disease
Janson, J., Laedtke, T., Parisi, J. E., O’Brien, P., Petersen, R. C., & Butler, P. C. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.2.474 · Cited by 950
Insulin and neurodegenerative disease: shared and specific mechanisms
Craft, S., & Stennis Watson, G. (2004) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(04)00681-7 · Cited by 830
Incidence and risk factors of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a defined elderly Japanese population: The Hisayama Study
Yoshitake, T., Kiyohara, Y., Kato, I., Ohmura, T., Iwamoto, H., Nakayama, K., Ohmori, S., Nomiyama, K., Kawano, H., Ueda, K., et al. (1995) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.45.6.1161 · Cited by 829
Aggregation of vascular risk factors and risk of incident Alzheimer disease
Luchsinger, J. A., Reitz, C., Honig, L. S., Tang, M. X., Shea, S., & Mayeux, R. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000172914.08967.dc · Cited by 790
Cognition and synaptic plasticity in diabetes mellitus
Gispen, W. H., & Biessels, G. J. (2000) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01656-8 · Cited by 778
Self-citation
Brain insulin and insulin receptors in aging and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
Frölich, L., Blum-Degen, D., Bernstein, H.-G., Engelsberger, S., Humrich, J., Laufer, S., Muschner, D., Thalheimer, A., Türk, A., Hoyer, S., et al. (1998) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s007020050068 · Cited by 748
The Effects of Type 1 Diabetes on Cognitive Performance
Brands, A. M. A., Biessels, G. J., de Haan, E. H. F., Kappelle, L. J., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.3.726 · Cited by 738
Self-citation
Incidence of AD in African-Americans, Caribbean Hispanics, and Caucasians in northern Manhattan
Tang, M. ‐., Cross, P. S., Andrews, H., Jacobs, D. M., Small, S. A., Bell, K., Merchant, C., Lantigua, R., Costa, R., Stern, Y., et al. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.56.1.49 · Cited by 721
Risk of Dementia among Persons with Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-based Cohort Study
Leibson, C. L., Rocca, W. A., Hanson, V. A., Cha, R., Kokmen, E., O'Brien, P. C., & Palumbo, P. J. (1997) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009106 · Cited by 700
Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease
Luchsinger, J. A., Tang, M.-X., Shea, S., & Mayeux, R. (2004) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000140292.04932.87 · Cited by 683
Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Stroke in a Multiethnic Cohort
Luchsinger, J. A. (2001) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/154.7.635 · Cited by 682
Incidence and Risk Factors of Silent Brain Infarcts in the Population-Based Rotterdam Scan Study
Vermeer, S. E., den Heijer, T., Koudstaal, P. J., Oudkerk, M., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2003) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000052631.98405.15 · Cited by 680
Vascular risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease:
Breteler, M. M. B. (2000) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(99)00110-4 · Cited by 664
The Independent Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Ischemic Heart Disease, Stroke, and Death: A Population-Based Study of 13 000 Men and Women With 20 Years of Follow-up
Almdal, T., Scharling, H., Jensen, J. S., & Vestergaard, H. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.13.1422 · Cited by 650
Hemodynamic actions of insulin
Baron, A. (1994) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1994.267.2.e187 · Cited by 611
Lacunar Infarcts Defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging of 3660 Elderly People: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Longstreth, W. T. (1998) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.55.9.1217 · Cited by 573
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia
Stewart, R., & Liolitsa, D. (1999) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00027.x · Cited by 562
The relationship between impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive function
Awad, N., Gagnon, M., & Messier, C. (2004) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803390490514875 · Cited by 551
Is Type II Diabetes Associated With an Increased Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction?: A critical review of published studies
Strachan, M. W. J., Deary, I. J., Ewing, F. M. E., & Frier, B. M. (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.3.438 · Cited by 529
Type 2 diabetes and atrophy of medial temporal lobe structures on brain MRI
den Heijer, T., Vermeer, S. E., van Dijk, E. J., Prins, N. D., Koudstaal, P. J., Albert Hofman, D., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1235-0 · Cited by 512
Role of insulin and insulin receptor in learning and memory
Zhao, W., & Alkon, D. L. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0303-7207(01)00455-5 · Cited by 498
The source of cerebral insulin
Banks, W. A. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.040 · Cited by 489
A systematic literature review of attrition between waves in longitudinal studies in the elderly shows a consistent pattern of dropout between differing studies
Chatfield, M. D., Brayne, C., & Matthews, F. E. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.05.006 · Cited by 470
Self-citation
Radical AGEing in Alzheimer's disease
Smith, M. A., Sayre, L. M., Monnier, V. M., & Perry, G. L. (1995) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)93897-7 · Cited by 462
Ageing and diabetes: implications for brain function
Biessels, G. J., van der Heide, L. P., Kamal, A., Bleys, R. L. A. W., & Gispen, W. H. (2002) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01486-3 · Cited by 458
Self-citation
Development of dementing illnesses in an 80‐year‐old volunteer cohort
Katzman, R., Aronson, M., Fuld, P. A., Kawas, C. H., Brown, T., Morgenstern, H., Frishman, W. H., Gidez, L. I., Eder, H., & Ooi, W. L. (1989) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410250402 · Cited by 453
Association between features of the insulin resistance syndrome and alzheimer's disease independently of apolipoprotein e4 phenotype: cross sectional population based study
Kuusisto, J., Koivisto, K. J., Mykkänen, L. M., Helkala, E.-L., Vanhanen, M., Hänninen, T., Kervinen, K., Kesäniemi, Y. A., Riekkinen, P. J., & Laakso, M. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7115.1045 · Cited by 426
Diabetes mellitus and risk of dementia in the Kungsholmen project
Xu, W., Qiu, C., Wåhlin, Å., Winblad, B. G., & Fratiglioni, L. (2004) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000140291.86406.d1 · Cited by 418
Metabolic Cardiovascular Syndrome and Risk of Dementia in Japanese-American Elderly Men: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
Kalmijn, S., Foley, D., White, L., Burchfiel, C. M., Curb, J. D., Petrovitch, H., Ross, G. W., Havlik, R. J., & Launer, L. J. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.10.2255 · Cited by 417
Place Learning and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Biessels, G. J., Kamal, A., Ramakers, G. M. J., Urban, I. J. A., Spruijt, B. M., Erkelens, D. W., & Gispen, W. H. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.9.1259 · Cited by 413
Self-citation
Structural magnetic resonance imaging in the practical assessment of dementia: beyond exclusion
Scheltens, P., Fox, N. C., Barkhof, F., & DeCarli, C. S. (2002) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(02)00002-9 · Cited by 410
Self-citation
Invited Commentary: Insulin Resistance Syndrome? Syndrome X? Multiple Metabolic Syndrome? A Syndrome At All? Factor Analysis Reveals Patterns in the Fabric of Correlated Metabolic Risk Factors
Meigs, J. B. (2000) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/152.10.908 · Cited by 397
APPENDIX B: PRACTICE PARAMETER: DIAGNOSIS OF DEMENTIA (AN EVIDENCE-BASED REVIEW)
(2007) · CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.con.0000267232.84626.41 · Cited by 390
Quality of reporting of observational longitudinal research.
Tooth, L. (2005) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwi042 · Cited by 363
Cerebrovascular Pathology and Dementia in Autopsied Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study Participants
WHITE, L., PETROVITCH, H., HARDMAN, J., NELSON, J., DAVIS, D. G., ROSS, G. W., MASAKI, K., LAUNER, L., & MARKESBERY, W. R. (2002) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04794.x · Cited by 357
Trends in the Prevalence and Ratio of Diagnosed to Undiagnosed Diabetes According to Obesity Levels in the U.S.
Gregg, E. W., Cadwell, B. L., Cheng, Y. J., Cowie, C. C., Williams, D. E., Geiss, L. S., Engelgau, M. M., & Vinicor, F. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.12.2806 · Cited by 335
Signaling by insulin-like growth factor 1 in brain
Bondy, C. A., & Cheng, C. M. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.042 · Cited by 335
Reduced Hippocampal Insulin-Degrading Enzyme in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Is Associated with the Apolipoprotein E-ε4 Allele
Cook, D. G., Leverenz, J. B., McMillan, P. J., Kulstad, J. J., Ericksen, S., Roth, R. A., Schellenberg, G. D., Jin, L., Kovacina, K. S., & Craft, S. (2003) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63822-9 · Cited by 329
Vascular Dementia
Hébert, R., Lindsay, J., Verreault, R., Rockwood, K. J., Hill, G. B., & Dubois, M. (2000) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.31.7.1487 · Cited by 328
The relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction: longitudinal studies and their methodological limitations
Allen, K. V., Frier, B. M., & Strachan, M. W. J. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.054 · Cited by 319
Diabetes mellitus and the Risk of Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Cognitive Impairment in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
MacKnight, C., Rockwood, K., Awalt, E., & McDowell, I. (2002) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000064928 · Cited by 313
Modulation of memory by insulin and glucose: Neuropsychological observations in Alzheimer’s disease
Watson, G. S., & Craft, S. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.048 · Cited by 307
Age- and region-dependent alterations in Aβ-degrading enzymes: implications for Aβ-induced disorders
Caccamo, A., Oddo, S., Sugarman, M. C., Akbari, Y., & LaFerla, F. M. (2005) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.06.013 · Cited by 299
Critically attained threshold of cerebral hypoperfusion: the CATCH hypothesis of Alzheimer’s pathogenesis
de la Torre, J. C. (2000) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(00)00111-1 · Cited by 284
Insulin resistance and risk for stroke
Kernan, W. N., Inzucchi, S. E., Viscoli, C. M., Brass, L. M., Bravata, D. M., & Horwitz, R. I. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.59.6.809 · Cited by 280
Potential roles of insulin and IGF-1 in Alzheimer's disease
Gasparini, L., & Xu, H. (2003) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(03)00163-2 · Cited by 275
Glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinaemia and cognitive function in a general population of elderly men
Kalmijn, S., Feskens, E. J. M., Launer, L. J., Stijnen, T., & Kromhout, D. (1995) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00402181 · Cited by 274
Diabetes mellitus in midlife and the risk of dementia three decades later
Beeri, M. S., Goldbourt, U., Silverman, J. M., Noy, S., Schmeidler, J., Ravona‐Springer, R., Sverdlick, A., & Davidson, M. (2004) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000144278.79488.dd · Cited by 262
Change in Cognitive Function by Glucose Tolerance Status in Older Adults: A 4-Year Prospective Study of the Rancho Bernardo Study Cohort
Kanaya, A. M., Barrett-Connor, E., Gildengorin, G., & Yaffe, K. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.12.1327 · Cited by 255
Association Between Dementia and Midlife Risk Factors: the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Adult Health Study
Yamada, M., Kasagi, F., Sasaki, H., Masunari, N., Mimori, Y., & Suzuki, G. (2003) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51117.x · Cited by 255
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Diabetes
Schmidt, R., Launer, L. J., Nilsson, L., Pająk, A., Sans, S., Berger, K., Breteler, M. M. B., de Ridder, M. A. J., Dufouil, C., Fuhrer, R., et al. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.3.687 · Cited by 250
Comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension exacerbates cognitive decline: evidence from a longitudinal study
Hassing, L. B. (2004) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afh100 · Cited by 249
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal Hyperintensities in the Deep and Subcortical White Matter
Schmidt, R. (1992) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1992.00530320049011 · Cited by 246
Emerging Therapies for Vascular Dementia and Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Erkinjuntti, T., Román, G., Gauthier, S., Feldman, H., & Rockwood, K. (2004) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000120731.88236.33 · Cited by 232
Longitudinal association of vascular and Alzheimer’s dementias, diabetes, and glucose tolerance
Curb, J. D., Rodríguez, B. L., Abbott, R. D., Petrovitch, H., Ross, G. W., Masaki, K., Foley, D. J., Blanchette, P. L., Harris, T. B., Chen, R., et al. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.52.5.971 · Cited by 231
Clinicopathological Validation Study of Four Sets of Clinical Criteria for Vascular Dementia
Gold, G., Bouras, C., Canuto, A., Bergallo, M. F., Herrmann, F. R., Hof, P. R., Mayor, P.-A., Michel, J.-P., & Giannakopoulos, P. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.1.82 · Cited by 217
Cognitive Consequences of Thalamic, Basal Ganglia, and Deep White Matter Lacunes in Brain Aging and Dementia
Gold, G., Kövari, E., Herrmann, F. R., Canuto, A., Hof, P. R., Michel, J., Bouras, C., & Giannakopoulos, P. (2005) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000166052.89772.b5 · Cited by 200
Type 2 Diabetes Is Negatively Associated With Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology
Beeri, M. S., Silverman, J. M., Davis, K. L., Marin, D. B., Grossman, H. T., Schmeidler, J., Purohit, D. P., Perl, D. P., Davidson, M. H., Mohs, R. C., et al. (2005) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/60.4.471 · Cited by 185
Diabetes Mellitus Is a Risk Factor for Vascular Dementia, but Not for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Population-Based Study of the Oldest Old
Hassing, L. B., Johansson, B. E. A., Nilsson, S. E., Berg, S., Pedersen, N. L., Gatz, M., & McClearn, G. E. (2002) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s104161020200844x · Cited by 175
Diabetics do not have increased Alzheimer-type pathology compared with age-matched control subjects
Heitner, J., & Dickson, D. (1997) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.49.5.1306 · Cited by 173
Vascular Risks and Incident Dementia: Results from a Cohort Study of the Very Old
Brayne, C., Gill, C., Huppert, F. A., Barkley, C., Gehlhaar, E., Girling, D. M., O’Connor, D., & Paykel, E. S. (1998) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000017043 · Cited by 159
Self-citation
Changes in Blood Glucose and Insulin Secretion in Patients with Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type
Bucht, G., Adolfsson, R., Lithner, F., & Winblad, B. G. (1983) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03756.x · Cited by 145
Are Alzheimer Patients Healthier?
Wolf‐Klein, G. P., Silverstone, F. A., Brod, M. S., Levy, A. P., Foley, C. J., Termotto, V., & Breuer, J. (1988) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb01804.x · Cited by 140
Incidence, prevalence, and mortality of diabetes in a large population. A report from the Skaraborg Diabetes Registry.
Berger, B., Stenström, G., & Sundkvist, G. (1999) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.22.5.773 · Cited by 137
MRI of the brain in diabetes mellitus
Araki, Y., Nomura, M., Tanaka, H., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, T., Tsukaguchi, I., & Nakamura, H. (1994) · Neuroradiology · doi:10.1007/bf00588069 · Cited by 136
Stroke in patients with diabetes mellitus
Mankovsky, B., & Ziegler, D. (2004) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.490 · Cited by 123
Thickened cerebral cortical capillary basement membranes in diabetics.
Pc, J., Brendel, K., & Meezan, E. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 115
Brain insulin and feeding: a bi-directional communication
Gerozissis, K. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.044 · Cited by 108
Central Nervous System Findings in a Tenth Decade Autopsy Population
Peress, N. S., Kane, W. C., & Aronson, S. M. (1973) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60707-4 · Cited by 84
Role of White Matter Lesions in Cognitive Impairment of Vascular Origin
Pantoni, L., Leys, D., Fazekas, F., Longstreth, W. T., Inzitari, D., Wallin, A., Filippi, M., Scheltens, P., Erkinjuntti, T., & Hachinski, V. (1999) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-199912001-00008 · Cited by 80
Self-citation
The Validity and Reliability of 6 Sets of Clinical Criteria to Classify Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia in Cases Confirmed Post-Mortem: Added Value of a Decision Tree Approach
Hogervorst, E., Bandelow, S., Combrinck, M. I., Irani, S. R., & Smith, A. D. (2003) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000071006 · Cited by 77
Apolipoprotein‐E Genotyping of Diabetic Dementia Patients: Is Diabetes Rare in Alzheimer's Disease?
Nielson, K. A., Nolan, J. H., Berchtold, N. C., Sandman, C. A., Mulnard, R. A., & Cotman, C. W. (1996) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01857.x · Cited by 72
Amyloid beta antagonizes insulin promoted secretion of the amyloid beta protein precursor
Xie, L., Martins, R. N., Racchi, M., Craft, S., & Helmerhorst, E. (2002) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2002-4504 · Cited by 61
The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline
Yaffe, K. S., Kanaya, A. M., & Lindquist, K. J. (2005) · ACC Current Journal Review · doi:10.1016/j.accreview.2004.12.135 · Cited by 57
Prevalence of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in older B ritish men and women
Thomas, M. C., Walker, M., Emberson, J., Thomson, A. G., Lawlor, D. A., Ebrahim, S. B. J., & Whincup, P. H. (2005) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01516.x · Cited by 51
Role of White Matter Lesions in Cognitive Impairment of Vascular Origin
Pantoni, L., Leys, D., Fazekas, F., et al. (1999) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-199912003-00008 · Cited by 34

Sorted by citations

Dementia prevention, intervention, and care
Livingston, G., Sommerlad, A., Orgeta, V., Costafreda, S. G., Huntley, J., Ames, D., Ballard, C., Banerjee, S., Burns, A., Cohen-Mansfield, J., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31363-6 · Cited by 6,072
Standards of medical care in diabetes—2014
American Diabetes Association (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-s014 · Cited by 4,572
Standards of medical care in diabetes—2013
American Diabetes Association (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-s011 · Cited by 4,369
Inflammation as a central mechanism in Alzheimer's disease
Kinney, J. W., Bemiller, S. M., Murtishaw, A. S., Leisgang, A. M., Salazar, A. M., & Lamb, B. T. (2018) · Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.trci.2018.06.014 · Cited by 2,253
“[246] Biessels GJ, Staekenborg S, Brunner E, Brayne C, Scheltens P.”
Background
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2012
(2012) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-s011 · Cited by 2,240

See all 2,187

Authors: Biessels, G. J., Staekenborg, S., Brunner, E., Brayne, C., & Scheltens, P.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
University of Cambridge (GB)
Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author: Biessels, Geert Jan
ORCID: Biessels, Geert Jan
Brunner, Eric
Brayne, Carol
Scheltens, Philip
Venue: The Lancet Neurology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-01
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 64-74
ISSN: 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(05)70284-2
OpenAlex: W2102528806
Semantic Scholar: e31a373bc94c4485f348ff98d71acb0db0ade3fc
Cited by: 2,187
References: 98
Citations by year: 2026: 67 · 2025: 110 · 2024: 126 · 2023: 118 · 2022: 132 · 2021: 149 · 2020: 143 · 2019: 143 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 114 · 2016: 129 · 2015: 131 · 2014: 137 · 2013: 114 · 2012: 94
FWCI: 4.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia incidence, glycemic control, microvascular complications, hypertension, stroke, amyloid metabolism, insulin, vascular disease
MeSH terms: Dementia, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Models, Biological, Risk, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Community Health Planning, Diabetes Complications

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks