Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer disease and decline in cognitive function
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few prospective studies have assessed diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for incident Alzheimer disease (AD) and decline in cognitive function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of diabetes mellitus with risk of AD and change in different cognitive systems. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: For up to 9 years, 824 older (those >55 years) Catholic nuns, priests, and brothers underwent detailed annual clinical evaluations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinically diagnosed AD and change in global and specific measures of cognitive function. RESULTS: Diabetes mellitus was present in 127 (15.4%) of the participants. During a mean of 5.5 years of observation, 151 persons developed AD. In a proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, and educational level, those with diabetes mellitus had a 65% increase in the risk of developing AD compared with those without diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.47). In random effects models, diabetes mellitus was associated with lower levels of global cognition, episodic memory, semantic memory, working memory, and visuospatial ability at baseline. Diabetes mellitus was associated with a 44% greater rate of decline in perceptual speed (P =.02), but not in other cognitive systems. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes mellitus may be associated with an increased risk of developing AD and may affect cognitive systems differentially.
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Diabetes is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer disease.
“and increased risk for Alzheimer disease89,90, are observed.”
From Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Disruption (2015) · cites this paper as [89]
Eight studies reported a variety of other cognitive tests, most of them reporting greater or equal cognitive change for the diabetic participants, and some but not all of the tests detected a significant difference between the groups with and without diabetes.
“Eight studies reported a variety of other cognitive tests, most of them reporting greater or equal cognitive change for the diabetic participants (Table 1) [46, 49, 51, 58, 63, 66, 69, 70]. Some, but not all of the tests detected a significant difference between the groups with and without diabetes.”
From Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes—systematic overview of prospective observational studies (2005) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Arvanitakis, Z., Wilson, R. S., Bienias, J. L., Evans, D. A., & Bennett, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Archives of Neurology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2004-05-01
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 661
- ISSN
- 0003-9942 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2023899218
- Cited by
- 1,258
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 63
- FWCI
- 29.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Rush University (R01 AG15819)
- National Institutes of Health (AG10161, AG15819)
- National Institute on Aging (P30-AG 10161, R01 AG15819, R01AG015819, P30AG010161)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive decline, cognitive function, episodic memory, semantic memory, working memory, visuospatial ability, perceptual speed, older adults, risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Diabetes Complications
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