Neurorestorative therapies for stroke: underlying mechanisms and translation to the clinic
Open accessAbstract
Restorative cell-based and pharmacological therapies for experimental stroke substantially improve functional outcome. These therapies target several types of parenchymal cells (including neural stem cells, cerebral endothelial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons), leading to enhancement of endogenous neurogenesis, angiogenesis, axonal sprouting, and synaptogenesis in the ischaemic brain. Interaction between these restorative events probably underpins the improvement in functional outcome. This Review provides examples of cell-based and pharmacological restorative treatments for stroke that stimulate brain plasticity and functional recovery. The molecular pathways activated by these therapies, which induce remodelling of the injured brain via angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and axonal and dendritic plasticity, are discussed. The ease of treating intact brain tissue to stimulate functional benefit in restorative therapy compared with treating injured brain tissue in neuroprotective therapy might more readily help with translation of restorative therapy from the laboratory to the clinic.
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Brain capillaries sprout and glial cells are activated to create a favourable cerebral environment for neuronal growth and plasticity.
“Additionally, brain capillaries sprout, and glial cells are activated to create a favourable cerebral environment for neuronal growth and plasticity.3,4”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [3]
Promotion of brain remodelling and plasticity is not limited to a sharp and well defined therapeutic window.
“The promotion of brain remodelling and plasticity is not limited to a sharp and well defined therapeutic window.1–3”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Zhang, Z. G., & Chopp, M.
- Affiliations
- Henry Ford Health (US)
- Oakland University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chopp, Michael
- Venue
- The Lancet Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 491-500
- ISSN
- 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2727708
- OpenAlex
- W2121567769
- Cited by
- 596
- References
- 152
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 53
- FWCI
- 5.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL064766, R01HL64766)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01 NS23392, P01NS42345, P50NS023393, P01NS042345)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Keywords
- stroke, cell therapy, pharmacotherapy, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, axonal sprouting, synaptogenesis, neuroplasticity, functional recovery, neural stem cells, brain endothelial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Axons, Brain, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Oligodendroglia, Neuroprotective Agents, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Recovery of Function, Stroke, Neurogenesis
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