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Cognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in the elderly depressed

Beats, B. C., Sahakian, B. J., Levy, R.·1996·Psychological Medicine

DOI 10.1017/s0033291700035662

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Abstract

The paper reports the profile of impairment across a variety of cognitive functions with special emphasis on tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction, in 24 elderly depressed patients during and on recovery from mood disorder, compared with 15 age- and sex-matched controls. Traditional neuropsychological tests and a recently developed battery of computerized tests (CANTAB) were used. Impairments were found in the depressed group compared to controls and to themselves on recovery across all domains examined. The depressed group showed deficits on visuospatial recognition memory, attentional shifting at the extra-dimensional shift stage and in measures of both processing and motor speed without impaired accuracy in a visual search task. Impairments were also found on a planning task with disproportionately increased numbers of moves needed for more difficult problems and evidence of both slowed motor response and increased processing time once the task was commenced. Performance on recovery improved across all tasks. Comparisons were made with the performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and Parkinson's disease on similar tests. Response latencies in test performance were found to correlate with the number of episodes of depression suffered and with ventricular size on CT scan, as measured by computerized planimetry. On recovery, residual depression scores correlated with latency of test performance and with ventricular brain ratio. The results, thus, show that depression in the elderly is associated with a significant degree of deficit on tests sensitive to frontostriatal dysfunction. Some of the deficits appear specific to depression and some do not remit following clinical recovery. However, these impairments have to be interpreted in the context of a broad profile of cognitive deficit.

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Authors: Beats, B. C., Sahakian, B. J., & Levy, R.
Affiliations: University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author: Sahakian, B. J.
ORCID: Sahakian, B. J.
Venue: Psychological Medicine
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 1996-05
Volume: 26
Issue: 3
Pages: 591-603
ISSN: 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
1469-8978
DOI: 10.1017/s0033291700035662
OpenAlex: W2099301748
Cited by: 457
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 7.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 4817 d)
Locations: Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
Keywords: geriatric depression, frontal lobe dysfunction, cognitive impairment, frontostriatal dysfunction, attentional shift, processing speed, motor speed, planning, response latency, ventriculomegaly, residual depression, recovery from depression, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, CANTAB
MeSH terms: Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Attention, Brain Mapping, Cognition Disorders, Corpus Striatum, Dementia, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Psychomotor Performance, Mental Recall, Reference Values, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Cognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in the elderly depressed

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