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Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000
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Agricultural activities have dramatically altered our planet's land surface. To understand the extent and spatial distribution of these changes, we have developed a new global data set of croplands and pastures circa 2000 by combining agricultural inventory data and satellite‐derived land cover data. The agricultural inventory data, with much greater spatial detail than previously available, is used to train a land cover classification data set obtained by merging two different satellite‐derived products (Boston University's MODIS‐derived land cover product and the GLC2000 data set). Our data are presented at 5 min (∼10 km) spatial resolution in longitude by longitude, have greater accuracy than previously available, and for the first time include statistical confidence intervals on the estimates. According to the data, there were 15.0 (90% confidence range of 12.2–17.1) million km 2 of cropland (12% of the Earth's ice‐free land surface) and 28.0 (90% confidence range of 23.6–30.0) million km 2 of pasture (22%) in the year 2000.
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“The extent of permanent pastures and meadows, the key category for which global statistical data are available (http://faostat.fao.org;any grazing land used for more than five consecutive years), spans 28 (33) to 34 Mkm², including extensively used natural grasslands (Section 2.2), intensively managed pastures and meadows established in natural grassland areas, as well as grassland that was estab”
From Restoring Degraded Lands (2021) · cites this paper as [33]
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Impact of reservoirs on river discharge and irrigation water supply during the 20th century
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A global data set of the extent of irrigated land from 1900 to 2005
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Countries and the global rate of soil erosion
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Water scarcity hotspots travel downstream due to human interventions in the 20th and 21st century
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Hidden linkages between urbanization and food systems
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“Monfreda et al (2008) integrate the best available agricultural statistics gathered at the county, state, and country level with a recent map of global croplands (Ramankutty et al 2008) to depict crop areas and yields circa the year 2000 on a 5 min × 5 min (∼10 km × 10 km) latitude–longitude grid.”
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Characterizing the Spatial Patterns of Global Fertilizer Application and Manure Production
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Biochar, climate change and soil: a review to guide future research
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ramankutty, N., Evan, A. T., Monfreda, C., & Foley, J. A.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2008-01-17
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 0886-6236 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-9224
- OpenAlex
- W1838764073
- Cited by
- 1,942
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 142 · 2023: 123 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 173 · 2020: 149 · 2019: 141 · 2018: 142 · 2017: 119 · 2016: 145 · 2015: 86 · 2014: 104 · 2013: 87 · 2012: 88
- FWCI
- 55.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Wageningen University and Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Social Sciences › Development › Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Keywords
- cropland extent, land cover classification, MODIS land cover, GLC2000, land surface change, confidence intervals
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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