Activating stereotypes undermines task performance expectations

Stangor, Charles; Carr, Christine; Kiang, Lisa

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1191

Cited by 221Social and Intergroup PsychologyEducation, Achievement, and GiftednessCareer Development and Diversity

Activating stereotypes undermines task performance expectations

Stangor, Charles, Carr, Christine, Kiang, Lisa·1998·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1191

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Abstract

According to the theory of stereotype threat (C. M. Steele, 1997; C. M. Steele & J. Aronson, 1995), activating stereotypes about a group's typical underperformance on a task can undermine a group member's performance on that task. The goal of the present research was to more fully delineate the contexts that activate task-performance stereotypes and the mechanisms that might lead to, or potentially prevent, such performance decrements. In 2 experiments, individuals led to believe that they had high ability on a task predicted that they would do better on future performances of the same or similar tasks than did those given ambiguous feedback about their task abilities when stereotypes were not accessible. However, activating group stereotypes-for instance, by creating expected solo status-undermined these positive expectations.

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Many belongingness and motivational costs are undergirded by adverse effects of stereotype threat on self-confidence and job attitudes.
“Many of these belongingness and motivational costs are undergirded, in part, by the adverse effects of stereotype threat on self-confidence (Stangor, Carr, & Kiang, 1998) and job attitudes (von Hippel, Kalokerinos, & Henry, 2013).”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Stangor, Carr, & Kiang, 1998

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Authors: Stangor, C., Carr, C., & Kiang, L.
Affiliations: University of Maryland, College Park (US)
ORCID: Carr, Christine
Kiang, Lisa
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1998-11
Volume: 75
Issue: 5
Pages: 1191-1197
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1191
OpenAlex: W2044669580
Cited by: 221
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 16.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Safety Research › Career Development and Diversity
Keywords: stereotype threat, stereotype activation, group stereotypes, self-perceived ability, performance decrement, self-efficacy

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Activating stereotypes undermines task performance expectations

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