Is stereotype threat a useful construct for organizational psychology research and practice?
Abstract
Stereotypes about different groups persist in organizations. Employees from such groups may experience stereotype threat, or the concern that they are being judged on the basis of demeaning stereotypes about groups to which they belong. The goal of this focal article is to discuss whether stereotype threat is a useful construct for organizational psychology research and practice. To this end, we focus on consequences other than acute performance deficits in laboratory settings. In particular, we examine studies that highlight the effects of stereotype threat on intrapersonal outcomes (e.g., job attitudes), interpersonal outcomes (e.g., negotiation), and on the relationship between employees and their organization. The research reviewed suggests that stereotype threat is a potentially important phenomenon in organizations, but it also highlights the paucity of research in an organizational context. We provide suggestions for future research directions as well as for the prevention and amelioration of stereotype threat in the workplace.
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Leadership excellence in tasks and domains relevant to leadership is often associated with stereotypically masculine traits such as rationality and agency.
“Leadership excellence in each of these tasks and these domains is often associated with stereotypically masculine traits such as rationality and agency (Kalokerinos, von Hippel, & Zacher, 2014;Kray & Shirako, 2011).”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Kalokerinos, von Hippel, & Zacher, 2014
In the face of chronic and acute stereotype threat, women alter their professional identities.
“In the face of both chronic and acute stereotype threat, women have been shown to alter their professional identities (Kalokerinos, von Hippel, & Zacher, 2014).”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Kalokerinos, von Hippel, & Zacher, 2014
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Aronson, J. M., & Dee, T. S. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732449.003.0017 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Ceilings and walls: Work-life and "family-friendly" policies.
Sabattini, L., & Crosby, F. J. (2009) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11863-009 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Concerns About Generalizing Stereotype Threat Research Findings to Operational High-stakes Testing
Sackett, P. R., & Ryan, A. M. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732449.003.0016 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Gender, Leadership and Communications
Still, L. V. (2006) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Affirmative action policies are demeaning to women in academia.
Kimura, D. (1997) · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/0708-5591.38.4.238 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Isobe, C., & Ura, M. (2006) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-839x.2006.00171.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership
Hoyt, C. L., & Murphy, S. E. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.11.002 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Stereotype threat in organizations: implications for equity and performance
Walton, G. M., Murphy, M. C., & Ryan, A. M. (2015) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111322 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Age Metastereotyping and Cross-Age Workplace Interactions: A Meta View of Age Stereotypes at Work
Finkelstein, L. M., King, E. B., & Voyles, E. C. (2015) · Work, Aging and Retirement · doi:10.1093/workar/wau002 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
von Hippel, C., Sekaquaptewa, D., & McFarlane, M. (2015) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684315574501 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kalokerinos, E. K., von Hippel, C., & Zacher, H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Venue
- Industrial and Organizational Psychology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 381-402
- ISSN
- 1754-9426 (ISSN-L)
- 1754-9434
- OpenAlex
- W2161653948
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 19
- FWCI
- 43.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Industrial and Organizational Psychology (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- QUT Business School
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Diversity and Inequality
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Keywords
- stereotype threat, organizational psychology, employee attitudes, negotiation, employee-organization relationship, workplace prejudice, performance deficits
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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