Moderators of the Relationship Between Implicit and Explicit Evaluation.
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Abstract
Automatic and controlled modes of evaluation sometimes provide conflicting reports of the quality of social objects. This article presents evidence for 4 moderators of the relationship between automatic (implicit) and controlled (explicit) evaluations. Implicit and explicit preferences were measured for a variety of object pairs using a large sample. The average correlation was r=.36, and 52 of the 57 object pairs showed a significant positive correlation. Results of multilevel modeling analyses suggested that (a) implicit and explicit preferences are related, (b) the relationship varies as a function of the objects assessed, and (c) at least 4 variables moderate the relationship: self-presentation, evaluative strength, dimensionality, and distinctiveness. The variables moderated implicit-explicit correspondence across individuals and accounted for much of the observed variation across content domains. The resulting model of the relationship between automatic and controlled evaluative processes is grounded in personal experience with the targets of evaluation.
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Techniques that lead people to recognize their unconscious biases include exercises where they compare what they would do and what they should do in intergroup circumstances, and procedures such as the Implicit Association Test that can reveal unconscious prejudice and stereotypes.
“Techniques that lead people to recognize their unconscious biases include exercises where they are prompted to compare what they would do and what they should do in a variety of intergroup circumstances,45 and recently developed procedures (such as the Implicit Association Test52,53) that can reveal unconscious prejudice and stereotypes.”
From Reducing Racial Bias Among Health Care Providers: Lessons from Social-Cognitive Psychology (2007) · cites this paper as [53]
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- Authors
- Nosek, B. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nosek, Brian A.
- ORCID
- Nosek, Brian A.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
- Published
- 2005-11
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 565-584
- ISSN
- 0096-3445 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2222
- PMC
- PMC1440676
- OpenAlex
- W2111276187
- Cited by
- 701
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 116.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology General (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-R01 MH68447-01, R01MH068447)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- implicit evaluation, explicit evaluation, automatic versus controlled processing, moderators, self-presentation, dimensionality, distinctiveness
- MeSH terms
- Attitude, Humans, Self Concept, Social Behavior
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