Neural basis of the spontaneous optokinetic response produced by visual inversion
Abstract
One of the most conspicuous behavioral effects produced by surgical rotation of the eyeball through 180 degrees is the forced circling or spontaneous optokinetic reaction. Animals with inverted vision caused by eye rotation tend to turn continuously in circles (4, 6, 8). In fishes and amphibians this circling may persist indefinitely with little or no correction by reeducation. Similar circus movement is caused by contralateral transplantation of the eyeball with inversion on only one axis and also by cross-connection of the optic nerves to the wrong side of the brain (7). In all these situations movement on the part of the animal causes the visual image to pass over the retinal field or its central projection in a direction opposite to normal. The forced circling phenomenon of inverted vision is an illustration of the importance of kinesthetic effects in visual perception. Under normal conditions the image of the visual field, whether it be stationary or moving across the retina, can be perceived as being either in motion or at rest depending upon whether the perceiving animal is moving or at rest. The apparent position and direction of motion of the visual field depend upon the posture
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The efference copy and corollary discharge mechanisms accompany voluntary movements and allow us to suppress sensations resulting from our actions.
“The first involves predictions made via innate mechanisms basic to all species in the animal kingdom—the efference copy and corollary discharge mechanisms. They accompany our voluntary movements and allow us to suppress sensations resulting from our actions.”
From Anticipating the future: Automatic prediction failures in schizophrenia (2012) · cites this paper as Sperry, 1950
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- Authors
- Sperry, R. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sperry, R. W.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology
- Published
- 1950
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 482-489
- ISSN
- 0021-9940 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051811141
- Cited by
- 1,789
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 85 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 67
- FWCI
- 2.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- eye rotation, inverted vision, retinal image motion
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Vision, Ocular, Nystagmus, Optokinetic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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