Mindfulness training reduces the severity of irritable bowel syndrome in women: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: This prospective, randomized controlled trial explored the feasibility and efficacy of a group program of mindfulness training, a cognitive-behavioral technique, for women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The technique involves training in intentionally attending to present-moment experience and non-judgmental awareness of body sensations and emotions. Methods: Seventy-five female IBS patients were randomly assigned to eight weekly and one half-day intensive sessions of either mindfulness group (MG) training or a support group (SG). Participants completed the IBS severity scale (primary outcome), IBS-quality of life, brief symptom inventory-18, visceral sensitivity index, treatment credibility scale, and five-facet mindfulness questionnaire before and after treatment and at 3-month follow-up. Results: Women in the MG showed greater reductions in IBS symptom severity immediately after training (26.4% vs. 6.2% reduction; P=0.006) and at 3-month follow-up (38.2% vs. 11.8%; P=0.001) relative to SG. Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up. Mindfulness scores increased significantly more in the MG after treatment, confirming effective learning of mindfulness skills. Participants ratings of the credibility of their assigned interventions, measured after the first group session, were not different between groups. Conclusions: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that mindfulness training has a substantial therapeutic effect on bowel symptom severity, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces distress. The beneficial effects persist for at least 3 months after group training. © 2011 by the American College of Gastroenterology.
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Claims the paper makes
10 of 33 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
A substantial proportion of patients with IBS do not attain adequate relief through conventional medical approaches.
“A substantial proportion of patients with IBS do not attain adequate relief through conventional medical approaches (5).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [5] source
- Premisecitation
Psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and hypnosis are among the most successful treatments for IBS.
“Psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and hypnosis have proven among the most successful treatments for IBS (7,8).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites [7] source
- cites [8] source
The Psychological Treatment section (page unavailable) says psychological treatments are frequently helpful, and Table 8 (page unavailable) reports improvements in some CBT and hypnosis trials. But the review does not rank them among the most successful IBS treatments; it notes mixed trial results and methodological limitations, concluding that there is room for doubt. Thus, “proven among the most successful” overstates its assessment. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Interpretationreasoning
Mindfulness training may be uniquely suited to treat the psychological factors associated with IBS.
“Hence, we theorized that mindfulness training may be uniquely suited to treat the psychological factors associated with IBS, including a heightened perception of pain from intestinal distention (28) that is correlated with selective attention to gastrointestinal sensations and anxiety about the significance of these sensations (29).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites [28] source
- cites [29] source
The Introduction (page unavailable) says IBS symptoms are often accompanied by psychological dysfunction and describes psychological therapies for IBS. It does not identify mindfulness training as uniquely suited to treating those factors; the Introduction says the relative superiority of psychosocial therapies is unknown. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Rests on an assumption: Mindfulness meditation is a unique psychological approach that integrates the biopsychosocial relationships manifested in IBS.
- Premisecitation
Brain-gut interactions have a prominent role in modulating gut function.
“Psychological treatments are a logical approach to management of the bowel symptoms of IBS because brain-gut interactions are recognized to have a prominent role in modulating gut function (9).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [9] source
- Findingown data
Right after treatment, quality of life changes did not differ significantly between mindfulness group and support group in women with IBS.
“Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
- Findingown data
At 3-month follow-up, quality of life improved significantly more in the mindfulness group than in the support group in women with IBS.
“Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Participants' ratings of the credibility of their assigned interventions, measured after the first group session, did not differ between groups.
“Participants’ ratings of the credibility of their assigned interventions, measured after the first group session, were not different between groups.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Mindfulness scores increased significantly more in the mindfulness group after treatment than in the support group.
“Mindfulness scores increased significantly more in the MG after treatment, confirming effective learning of mindfulness skills.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Participants' ratings of their assigned treatment's credibility did not differ between MG and SG (35.03±6.31 vs 32.69±10.04, P=0.26).
“Participants’ rating of the credibility of their assigned treatment was not different between the two groups (mean total scale sums±s.d. out of a maximum possible score of 45 was 35.03±6.31 for MG vs. 32.69±10.04 for SG; P = 0.26).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
At 3-month follow-up, but not immediately after treatment, MG participants had significantly greater improvement in visceral anxiety than SG participants.
“At 3-month follow-up, but not immediately after treatment, participants in the MG evidenced significantly greater improvements in visceral anxiety compared with the SG (see Table 3).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
In women with IBS, mindfulness group training led to a larger decrease in IBS symptom severity right after training than support group (26.4% vs 6.2% reduction; P=0.006).
“Women in the MG showed greater reductions in IBS symptom severity immediately after training (26.4% vs. 6.2% reduction; P= 0.006) and at 3-month follow-up (38.2% vs. 11.8%; P= 0.001) relative to SG.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Among the individual IBS severity symptom ANOVAs, the group main effect was significant only for dissatisfaction with bowel functioning and life interference at baseline versus 3-month follow-up.
“Among all the ANOVA tests for changes in individual IBS-SS symptoms, main effect for group was only significant in the baseline vs. 3-month follow-up comparisons for dissatisfaction with bowel functioning (F(1,72) = 4.55, P = 0.036) and life interference from bowel symptoms (F(1,72) = 5.29, P = 0.024).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
The main effect of group was not significant in either ANOVA for IBS-QOL.
“Main effect for group was not significant in either ANOVA.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
At 3-month follow-up, psychological distress improved significantly more in the mindfulness group than in the support group in women with IBS.
“Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
The main effect of group was not significant in any ANOVA for psychological symptoms.
“Main effect for group was not significant in any of the ANOVA tests of effects on psychological symptoms.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Both groups rated their intervention as similarly logical for IBS treatment (6.91±2.15 vs 6.28±2.67, P=0.29).
“Subjects in both groups rated their intervention as similarly logical for IBS treatment (6.91±2.15 on a 0–9 scale for MG vs. 6.28±2.67 for SG; P = 0.29)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
The main effect of group was not significant in either ANOVA for IBS severity.
“Main effect for group was not significant in either ANOVA.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Both groups reported similar confidence that their intervention would reduce bowel symptoms (5.94±1.68 vs 5.56±2.35, P=0.449).
“reported similar confidence in their intervention’s likely success in reducing bowel symptoms (5.94±1.68 on a 0–9 scale for MG vs. 5.56±2.35 for SG; P = 0.449).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Right after treatment, visceral anxiety changes did not differ significantly between mindfulness group and support group in women with IBS.
“Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
At 3-month follow-up, visceral anxiety improved significantly more in the mindfulness group than in the support group in women with IBS.
“Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
SG participants showed no significant reduction on any IBS severity component at either post-treatment assessment point.
“In contrast, the SG subjects did not show a significant reduction on any IBS-SS component at either post-treatment assessment point.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Right after treatment, psychological distress changes did not differ significantly between mindfulness group and support group in women with IBS.
“Changes in quality of life, psychological distress, and visceral anxiety were not significantly different between groups immediately after treatment, but evidenced significantly greater improvements in the MG than in the SG at the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
In women with IBS, mindfulness group training led to a larger decrease in IBS symptom severity at 3-month follow-up than support group (38.2% vs 11.8%; P=0.001).
“Women in the MG showed greater reductions in IBS symptom severity immediately after training (26.4% vs. 6.2% reduction; P= 0.006) and at 3-month follow-up (38.2% vs. 11.8%; P= 0.001) relative to SG.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Only MG showed significantly increased IBS-QOL scores after treatment and at follow-up compared with baseline.
“On post hoc within-group tests, only the MG group was found to have significantly increased IBS-QOL scores post-treatment and at follow-up compared with initial baseline values.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Only MG showed a significant increase in mindfulness after treatment on post hoc paired t-tests.
“Only the MG group showed a significant increase in mindfulness after treatment on post hoc paired t -tests.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
MG showed a significantly greater increase in mindfulness scores than SG at both time points.
“The MG showed a significantly greater increase in mindfulness scores than the SG group (i.e., significant time-group interaction on repeated-measures ANOVA) at both time points: (F(1, 71) = 4.67, P = 0.03) and (F(1,69) = 4.27, P = 0.04).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationown data
The greater increase in mindfulness scores in the mindfulness group confirms effective learning of mindfulness skills.
“Mindfulness scores increased significantly more in the MG after treatment, confirming effective learning of mindfulness skills.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationown data
Mindfulness training has a substantial therapeutic effect on bowel symptom severity in women with IBS.
“This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that mindfulness training has a substantial therapeutic effect on bowel symptom severity, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces distress.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data
Mindfulness training improves health-related quality of life in women with IBS.
“This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that mindfulness training has a substantial therapeutic effect on bowel symptom severity, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces distress.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data
The beneficial effects of mindfulness training persist for at least 3 months after group training.
“The beneficial effects persist for at least 3 months after group training.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data
Mindfulness training reduces distress in women with IBS.
“This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that mindfulness training has a substantial therapeutic effect on bowel symptom severity, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces distress.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Research has shown that mindfulness-based stress reduction programs can reduce stress and pain symptoms in chronic functional disorders such as fibromyalgia and depression.
“Research has shown that programs such as mindfulness-based stress reduction that involve training and practice of mindfulness can reduce stress and pain symptoms in chronic functional disorders such as fibromyalgia and depression (15–19).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 5 sources checked - Interpretationreasoning
Because only female IBS patients were included, it is unknown whether the benefits of mindfulness training generalize to male IBS patients.
“A limitation of this study was that only female IBS patients were included, so the generalizability of the benefits of mindfulness training to male IBS patients is unknown.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationown data
Differences in expectancy between the two interventions probably did not explain the different outcomes.
“Hence, differences in expectancy for the two interventions are not likely to have played a role in the different outcomes for the groups.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
The similarity between mindfulness training's effects in this trial and those of other psychological treatments suggests that common mechanisms likely underlie the benefits.
“The similarities between the therapeutic effects of mindfulness training observed in our trial and in tests of other psychological treatments suggest that common mechanisms are likely responsible for the beneficial changes.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationown data
This study adds a new and distinctive psychological treatment option for chronic IBS.
“Our study adds a new and distinctive psychological intervention option to the clinical armamentarium for addressing chronic IBS.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Mindfulness training is safe, can be used alongside conventional care, and gives patients more control over their symptoms.
- Interpretationown data
Because SG's IBS severity reduction was far below clinical significance, MG's outcomes likely came from learning specific mindfulness techniques rather than non-specific factors such as social support or instructor attention.
“In contrast, the SG’s drop in IBS severity was only 14 and 30 points, respectively, for the same two time points—far below clinical significance—indicating that the treatment outcomes observed for MG participants likely were the result of learning specific mindfulness techniques and not merely due to non-specific therapeutic factors such as social support and instructor attention.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationcitation
The therapeutic effect of mindfulness training on IBS severity was clinically significant because the average reduction exceeded the 50-point guideline for clinically significant change.
“The observed therapeutic impact of mindfulness training on IBS severity was clinically significant, as the mean reduction in severity was well above the 50 points recommended as a guideline for clinically significant change on this scale (30).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [30]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationown data
The trend toward continued bowel-symptom improvement after treatment suggests that mindfulness training may have long-lasting benefits.
“This, combined with the trend toward continuing improvement in bowel symptoms over time after treatment, suggests that mindfulness training may have long-lasting beneficial effects.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 30
- May combine two claims. 39
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe IBS-QOL has high internal consistency and high reproducibility.
“has been shown to have high internal consistency and high reproducibility (39)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [39] source
The Methods/Design > Outcome parameters section discusses quality-of-life measures SF-12 and WHOQOL-BREF, not IBS-QOL. Searches for IBS-QOL, irritable bowel syndrome, internal consistency, and reproducibility found no passage assessing the IBS-QOL's reliability in our copy; page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationRecent investigations have found that mindfulness meditation induces changes in neural circuits implicated in interoception and emotion regulation, while improving attentional control.
“Recent investigations have found that mindfulness meditation induces changes in the activation of neural circuits implicated in interoception (awareness of stimuli originating inside the body (21)) and emotion regulation (22,23), while improving attentional control (24–27).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim2 of 4 sources checked- cites [24] source
- cites [25] source
Citation (21) is attached to the definition of interoception, not to the findings about mindfulness meditation. The paper’s “Selective Attention and Disease Attribution” section discusses becoming aware of gastrointestinal sensations, which supports awareness of internal sensations in that specific context. It does not define interoception or address awareness of stimuli originating throughout the body; no page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites [26] source
Citation (21) is attached specifically to the definition of interoception as awareness of stimuli originating inside the body, not to the sentence’s other claims about meditation. The Abstract and Discussion examine stressful life events and bowel symptoms; searches for interoception and awareness of internal bodily stimuli found no passage defining the term. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites [27] source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.
InterpretationcitationBecause pain is a prominent symptom in IBS and stress exacerbates IBS symptoms, mindfulness-training programs are a reasonable treatment approach for IBS.
“As pain is a prominent symptom in IBS and stress exacerbates IBS symptoms (20), mindfulness-training programs would seem to be a reasonable treatment approach for this condition.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [20] source
The citation is attached to the statement that pain is prominent in IBS and stress exacerbates IBS symptoms. The Introduction and Discussion address meditation, interoception, and cortical thickness, but our copy contains no passage about IBS symptoms or the effect of stress on them (searched: IBS, irritable bowel syndrome, pain, and stress). (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationThe IBS-adapted Borkovec and Nau attitude-towards-treatment questionnaire is a five-item scale assessing patients' expectations of benefit and perceived treatment value.
“The Borkovec and Nau (43) attitude-towards-treatment questionnaire, in the version adapted for IBS (44), is a five-item scale (each question offering a response range from 0 to 9) used to assess patients’ expectations of treatment benefit and perceptions of the value of the treatment”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites [43] source
The Methods section (2.4, page unavailable) describes measures of pain, pain acceptance, quality of life, and physical function, but does not describe an attitude-towards-treatment questionnaire. Searches for Borkovec and Nau, an IBS adaptation, and a five-item treatment-expectation scale found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites [44]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationCBT, clinical hypnosis, and brief dynamic therapy have each been shown effective for IBS in multiple studies.
“CBT, clinical hypnosis, and brief dynamic therapy have all been shown to be effective in multiple studies (7,8).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites [7] source
- cites [8] source
Table 8 (Conclusions; page unavailable) reports favorable results from multiple CBT studies and from psychodynamic or interpersonal therapy studies. It lists only one controlled hypnosis study, with a follow-up report, rather than multiple hypnosis studies. The Psychological Treatment section also cautions that methodological limitations leave room for doubt about the positive trials. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
Findingown dataOverall IBS severity fell by 26.4% in MG versus 6.2% in SG after treatment and by 38.2% versus 11.8% at 3-month follow-up.
“Compared with baseline scores, overall IBS severity was reduced by 26.4% in the MG vs. 6.2% in the SG post-treatment and 38.2% vs. 11.8% at 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThere was a significant main effect of time for mindfulness scores from baseline to post-treatment and from baseline to 3-month follow-up.
“There was a significant main effect for time in mindfulness scores both between baseline and post-treatment assessment (F(1,71) = 14.98, P< 0.0001) and between baseline and 3-month follow-up (F(1,71) = 17.94, P< 0.0001) on repeated-measures ANOVAs.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataSG showed no significant BSI-18 subscale improvement at either post-treatment point, while MG improved on all scales at 3-month follow-up and on anxiety and general severity immediately after treatment.
“In post hoc paired t-tests, the SG was not found to be significantly improved in any brief symptom inventory-18 subscale at either post-treatment time point, whereas the MG showed significant improvement on all the scales at 3-month follow-up, as well as on anxiety and general severity at the immediate post-treatment assessment point.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe IBS-QOL intervention-by-time interaction trended toward significance immediately after treatment and became significant at 3-month follow-up, with MG improving more than SG at that later point.
“The intervention×time interaction in IBS-QOL score changes trended toward significance immediately after treatment (F(1,70) = 3.28, P = 0.08), and reached significance at 3-month follow-up (F(1,71) = 5.12, P = 0.027), indicating that MG participants had experienced significantly greater improvement in IBS-QOL at the latter time point compared with SG participants.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataA significant intervention-by-time interaction for IBS severity occurred in both comparisons, with MG showing substantially greater improvement from baseline than SG at post-treatment and at 3-month follow-up.
“A significant intervention×time interaction for IBS severity was also found in both comparisons, indicating that participants in the MG experienced substantially greater improvements in IBS severity compared with baseline than did those in the SG (see Figure 2), both at post-treatment evaluation (F(1, 72) =7.88, P = 0.006) and at 3-month follow-up (F(1, 71) = 11.29, P = 0.001).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataMG participants showed significant reductions in all five IBS severity components both immediately after treatment and at follow-up, except abdominal pain frequency was not significantly reduced immediately after treatment.
“Post hoc tests comparing baseline to each post-treatment time point showed significant reductions for the MG subjects in all five IBS-SS components both immediately after treatment and at follow-up, with the single exception that frequency of abdominal pain (number of days with pain out of the past 10 days) was not significantly reduced at the immediate post-treatment assessment time point.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThere was a significant main effect of time for IBS-QOL from baseline to post-treatment and from baseline to 3-month follow-up.
“There was a significant main effect for time in IBS-QOL both between baseline and post-treatment assessment (F(1,71) = 14.98, P< 0.0001) and baseline and 3-month follow-up (F(1,71) = 17.94, P< 0.0001) on repeated-measures ANOVAs.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataAbdominal pain frequency did not differ significantly between groups immediately after treatment, but MG improved more than SG at 3-month follow-up.
“Improvement in abdominal pain frequency and life interference due to bowel symptoms was not significantly different immediately following the treatment course, but the MG was more improved than the SG on both of those variables at 3-month follow-up”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataOn the BSI-18, improvement from baseline to 3-month follow-up differed significantly between groups for anxiety and general symptom severity, with MG improving more than SG.
“On the brief symptom inventory-18, the degree of improvement from baseline to 3-month follow-up was significantly different between the two groups for anxiety and general symptom severity scores, and in both of those cases, the MG subjects improved more than the SG subjects.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataVisceral sensitivity index scores fell significantly from baseline at both later time points in MG, while SG showed no significant change.
“Within-group analyses showed that visceral sensitivity index scores were significantly reduced from baseline at both subsequent time points for the MG subjects, while no significant changes in visceral sensitivity index scores were seen in the SG subjects.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataAbdominal pain severity improved significantly more in MG than SG both immediately after treatment and at follow-up.
“Abdominal pain severity was significantly more improved in the MG than the SG both immediately after treatment and at follow-up.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe groups did not differ significantly in demographic characteristics, though MG participants tended to have higher education and income than SG participants.
“There were no significant differences between groups in demographic characteristics (Table 1), although there was a tendency for MG subjects to have a higher level of education and income than SG subjects.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataBefore treatment, average overall IBS severity was in the upper part of the moderate range and was nearly the same in both groups.
“The average overall IBS severity score before treatment was in the upper end of moderate range on the IBS-SS (30) and was nearly identical for the two groups.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [30]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
Findingown dataThere was a significant main effect of time for overall IBS severity from baseline to post-treatment and from baseline to 3-month follow-up.
“There was a significant main effect of time in the repeated-measures ANOVA. Intent-to-treat analyses of changes in overall IBS severity scores between baseline and post-treatment assessment (F(1,71) = 20.81, P<0.0001) and between baseline and 3-month follow-up (F(1,72) =21.449, P<0.0001).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataLife interference from bowel symptoms did not differ significantly between groups immediately after treatment, but MG improved more than SG at 3-month follow-up.
“Improvement in abdominal pain frequency and life interference due to bowel symptoms was not significantly different immediately following the treatment course, but the MG was more improved than the SG on both of those variables at 3-month follow-up”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe proportion achieving at least a 50-point IBS severity reduction showed a non-significant trend favoring MG over SG after treatment (68.8% vs 45.2%, P=0.06) and at 3-month follow-up (75.0% vs 53.1%, P=0.08).
“The percentage of subjects who had at least 50-point reduction on the IBS-SS, which is considered clinical significant improvement on this test according to the scale developers (30), showed a non-significant trend toward difference between MG and SG on Mann-Whitney U-test both post-treatment (68.8% vs. 45.2%, P = 0.06) and at 3-month follow-up (75.0% vs. 53.1%; P = 0.08).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [30]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown dataThe main effect of group was not significant in either ANOVA for mindfulness.
“Main effect for group was not significant on either ANOVA.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataMG participants' IBS severity scores fell by an average of 75 points after treatment and 108 points by 3 months, while SG fell by only 14 and 30 points at those times.
“On average, MG participants dropped 75 points after treatment in their IBS-SS scores, and that drop grew to 108 points by 3 months after treatment. In contrast, the SG’s drop in IBS severity was only 14 and 30 points, respectively, for the same two time points”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe IBS-QOL is a 34-item disease-specific quality-of-life scale that measures physical and psychosocial changes from IBS and is responsive to change over 12 weeks.
“the IBS-quality of life (IBS-QOL), a 34-item disease-specific quality-of-life scale measuring changes in physical and psychosocial functioning as a result of IBS that is responsive to change over 12 weeks (38)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [38] source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe brief symptom inventory-18 is a validated 18-item short form of the symptom checklist-90-R with subscales for anxiety, depression, somatization, and a global severity index.
“the brief symptom inventory-18, a validated 18-item short version of the symptom checklist-90-R (41) with separate subscale scores for anxiety, depression, and somatization, plus a global symptom severity index.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [41] source
Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown dataThe outcome data were checked for normal distribution and parametric assumptions, and all outcome variables were approximately normally distributed.
“Data were examined to ensure that they were normally distributed and met assumptions for parametric statistical tests. All outcome variables were approximately normally distributed.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductnone givenThe study was approved by the UNC School of Medicine institutional review board on 5 April 2006, as well as the UNC General Clinical Research Center.
“The study was approved by the UNC School of Medicine institutional review board on 5 April 2006, as well as the UNC General Clinical Research Center.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Study design and conductown dataEligible participants were randomized by a computer program to either the mindfulness group or the IBS support group.
“Upon completion of written consent, baseline interview, and questionnaires, eligible study participants were randomized by a computer program to either the mindfulness group (MG) or IBS SG.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown dataOf the 75 individuals who started treatment, 9 dropped out before post-treatment data could be obtained (2 from MG and 7 from SG), giving an overall attrition rate of 12%.
“Of the 75 individuals who started treatment, 9 subjects dropped out of the study before post-treatment data could be obtained (2 from the MG and 7 from the SG). The overall attrition rate was 12%.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningPsychological factors can influence gut activity and contribute to or exacerbate bowel symptoms.
“In these ways, psychological factors can influence gut activity and contribute to or exacerbate bowel symptoms, and that deleterious influence is likely to be more readily addressed through psychological means rather than through pharmaceutical interventions.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationThe visceral sensitivity index is a strong predictor of symptom severity.
“which is a strong predictor of symptom severity (40)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [40] source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductreasoningTo minimize differences in subject expectancy, subjects were not informed about the test hypotheses regarding the predicted superior effects of mindfulness training on IBS.
“To minimize differences in subject expectancy, subjects were not informed about the test hypotheses regarding the predicted superior effects of mindfulness training on IBS.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductreasoningDue to the nature of the study interventions, subjects and therapists could not be blinded.
“Due to the nature of the study interventions, subjects and therapists could not be blinded.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationIn that study, while the support group produced an expectation of benefit comparable with the CBT group, there was less change in IBS symptoms than in the CBT group.
“In that study, while the SG produced an expectation of benefit comparable with the CBT group, there was less change in IBS symptoms than in the CBT group.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [37] source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone givenTo verify that patients assigned to the SG had the same expectation of benefit as those in the MG, all patients completed a treatment credibility scale after the first treatment session.
“To verify that patients assigned to the SG had the same expectation of benefit as those in the MG, all patients completed a treatment credibility scale (31) after the first treatment session.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
InterpretationreasoningMindfulness may have a salutary effect on the experiences and symptoms of those with IBS.
“As a primary technique of mindfulness involves attending to the breath and letting go of thoughts, feelings, and story lines that may enhance pain, evoke stress, and induce catastrophizing about negative events, we theorized that mindfulness may have a salutary effect on the experiences and symptoms of those with IBS.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Mindfulness meditation is a unique psychological approach that integrates the biopsychosocial relationships manifested in IBS.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe facets of the five-facet mindfulness questionnaire correlate positively with openness, emotional intelligence, and self-compassion and negatively with alexithymia, dissociation, and psychological distress.
“Individual facets correlate positively with openness to experience, emotional intelligence, and self-compassion, and negatively with alexethymia, dissociation, and psychological distress (42).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [42] source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationA previous study successfully used a support group as a control condition for cognitive-behavioral therapy.
“A previous study successfully used an SG as a control condition for CBT (37).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [37] source
Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown dataAll longitudinal group comparisons used intent-to-treat analysis, with dropouts retained by carrying forward their last observation.
“All group comparisons of changes in outcome variables over time were conducted according to intent-to-treat (ITT) methodology, with data from all dropouts included in analyses by carrying forward the last available observation for each subject.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Study design and conductnone givenThe 3-month post-intervention assessment was pre-specified as the primary time point for evaluating efficacy.
“with the 3-month post-intervention assessment selected a priori as the primary time point to assess efficacy.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductown dataThe analyses did not adjust for multiple comparisons.
“No adjustments were made for multiple comparisons.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Study design and conductown dataThe study was a randomized controlled parallel-group trial.
“The study design was a randomized controlled parallel-group trial.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown dataAll group leaders followed an explicit protocol; their compliance was monitored through videotaping, and no protocol deviations were observed.
“All group leaders followed an explicit protocol; their compliance with the protocol was monitored through videotaping. No protocol deviations were observed.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisecitationA change of at least 50 points on the IBS severity scale is regarded by the scale developers as clinically significant.
“According to the scale developers, a 50-point or greater change on this scale is considered clinically significant ( 30 ).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [30]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductown dataSubjects attended an average of 6.7 out of 9 intervention sessions (6.3 for SG and 7.1 for MG; P = 0.09).
“Subjects attended an average of 6.7 out of the 9 intervention sessions held for each group (6.3 sessions for SG and 7.1 for MG; P = 0.09).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone givenStudy staff involved in data collection and data management were masked to treatment assignment.
“Study staff members involved in data collection and data management were masked to treatment assignment.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone givenThe study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as study number NCT00680693.
“The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as study number NCT00680693.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe IBS severity scale is a well-validated clinical measure of illness severity in IBS and was the trial's primary outcome.
“The IBS-SS, a well-validated clinical indicator of illness severity in IBS, served as the primary outcome variable (30)”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [30]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe visceral sensitivity index is a validated 15-item scale that measures anticipatory anxiety about likely symptom occurrence.
“the visceral sensitivity index, a validated 15-item scale measuring anticipatory anxiety with respect to the likely occurrence of symptoms, (40)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [40] source
May combine two claims.
Interpretationown dataThis trial provides the first well-controlled demonstration that 8 weeks of mindfulness training can substantially reduce IBS symptom severity and yield benefits lasting at least 3 months after the intervention.
“This study has demonstrated for the first time, using a well-controlled design, that 8 weeks of mindfulness training can reduce IBS symptom severity substantially and produce benefits that persist for at least 3 months after the intervention.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationown dataLike other psychological interventions, mindfulness training produces substantial improvements in bowel symptoms, quality of life, and psychological symptoms.
“Like these psychological interventions, mindfulness training leads to substantial improvements in bowel symptoms, as well as quality-of-life and psychological symptoms.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Study design and conductown dataRandomization produced groups well matched at baseline in IBS severity and quality of life and comparable in demographics.
“Randomization succeeded in producing groups that were well matched at base-line both in IBS severity and quality of life, and comparable in all demographics.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisereasoningMindfulness is conceptually and procedurally different from other psychological treatments for IBS.
“Yet, mindfulness is conceptually and procedurally distinct from these other psychological treatments.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
InterpretationreasoningThe trial's generalizability remains broad because IBS is twice as common in women as in men.
“the generalizability is still broad since IBS is twice as common in women as in men.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Irritable bowel syndrome occurs twice as often in women as in men.
May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown dataThe two interventions were highly similar in non-specific aspects: both used small groups, the same number and length of sessions, similar group sizes, and an IBS educational book.
“The conduct of the two interventions was also highly similar in all non-specific aspects: both interventions were carried out in a small-group format with the same number and length of sessions and with a similar number of participants per group, and both included an IBS educational book as a part of the intervention package.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationown dataThe quality-of-life and psychological benefits of mindfulness training over the control group emerged gradually and were evident at the 3-month primary end point.
“As we expected, the quality-of-life and psychological symptom benefits of mindfulness training above the control group developed gradually, manifesting at the trial’s primary end point, the 3-month follow-up.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
The paper relies on this without support.
No controlled clinical trials of mindfulness-based programs specifically for IBS have been conducted.
“To date, there have been no controlled clinical trials of the efficacy of such programs specifically for IBS.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The mechanisms by which psychological treatments improve IBS symptoms are poorly understood.
“However, to date the particular mechanisms that underlie the demonstrated therapeutic effects of psychological treatments on IBS symptoms remain poorly understood.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Mindfulness meditation is a unique psychological approach that integrates the biopsychosocial relationships manifested in IBS.
“Mindfulness meditation is a unique psychological approach that integrates the biopsychosocial relationships manifested in IBS, emphasizing as it does mind-body interactions, the role of self-regulation in human physiology, and the capacity for cognitive restructuring.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Irritable bowel syndrome occurs twice as often in women as in men.
“the generalizability is still broad since IBS is twice as common in women as in men.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Mindfulness training is safe, can be used alongside conventional care, and gives patients more control over their symptoms.
“Mindfulness training is safe and fully compatible with conventional care approaches and provides patients with greater autonomy in the control of their symptoms.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Findings from our recent RCT demonstrate that MT results in statistically and clinically significant improvements in bowel symptoms, affective symptoms, and IBS-related quality of life.
“Findings from our recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrate that MT results in statistically and clinically significant improvements in bowel symptoms, affective symptoms, and IBS-related quality-of-life (Gaylord et al., 2011).”
From Therapeutic mechanisms of a mindfulness-based treatment for IBS: effects on visceral sensitivity, catastrophizing, and affective processing of pain sensations. (2012) · cites this paper as Gaylord et al., 2011
The Results (Outcomes; page unavailable) report statistically significant improvements in IBS severity, psychological symptoms, and IBS-related quality of life, with the latter two showing greater improvement than the control group at the three-month follow-up. The Discussion calls the reduction in IBS severity clinically significant, but our copy does not establish clinical significance for the affective-symptom or quality-of-life improvements. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn this trial, patients receiving MT exhibited significantly larger reductions in IBS severity after treatment (average 38.2% reduction in symptom scores) and significantly greater improvements in quality of life than those in a support group.
“In this trial, patients receiving MT exhibited significantly larger reductions in IBS severity after treatment (an average 38.2% reduction in symptom scores) and significantly greater improvements in quality of life than those participating in a support group.”
From Therapeutic mechanisms of a mindfulness-based treatment for IBS: effects on visceral sensitivity, catastrophizing, and affective processing of pain sensations. (2012) · cites this paper as Gaylord et al., 2011
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMindfulness training substantially attenuates IBS symptoms and ameliorates the often severe impairments in quality of life that characterize IBS.
“Our research suggests that MT substantially attenuates IBS symptoms and ameliorates the often severe impairments in quality of life that characterize this disorder (Gaylord et al., 2011).”
From Therapeutic mechanisms of a mindfulness-based treatment for IBS: effects on visceral sensitivity, catastrophizing, and affective processing of pain sensations. (2012) · cites this paper as Gaylord et al., 2011
The Discussion reports substantial reductions in IBS symptom severity and quality-of-life benefits at the three-month follow-up. However, the trial included only women, and the Discussion explicitly says whether the benefits extend to men is unknown; the citing sentence does not retain that population limit. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIBS is especially tractable to psychological treatments such as cognitive behavior therapy, clinical hypnosis, and mindfulness-based therapy.
“One such condition, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), remains refractory for a substantial number of patients receiving usual medical care, yet seems to be especially tractable to psychological treatments like cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) (Lackner et al., 2007), clinical hypnosis (Whorwell et al., 1984), and mindfulness-based therapy (Gaylord et al., 2011; Ljotsson et al., 2010).”
From Therapeutic mechanisms of a mindfulness-based treatment for IBS: effects on visceral sensitivity, catastrophizing, and affective processing of pain sensations. (2012) · cites this paper as Gaylord et al., 2011
Only in Gaylord et al. (44) was risk of bias in measurement of the outcome rated low because participants perceived the support group as credible as the intervention group.
“Only in Gaylord et al. (44) we rated RoB as low as participants perceived the support group as credible as the intervention group.”
From Efficacy of mindfulness- and acceptance-based cognitive-behavioral therapies for bodily distress in adults: a meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [44]
Except for the social support group condition in one trial (44), all control groups in the included studies were individual-focused rather than group therapy-focused.
“Nonetheless, except for the social support group condition in one trial (44), all control groups in the included studies were individual-focused rather than group therapy-focused.”
From Efficacy of mindfulness- and acceptance-based cognitive-behavioral therapies for bodily distress in adults: a meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [44]
Research indicates that mindfulness meditation substantially lowers pain in both laboratory and clinical contexts.
“Mindfulness meditation is a technique that has been found to significantly reduce pain in experimental and clinical settings.”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
For somatization disorders, physical symptom results are often inconsistent or null, while health-related quality of life gains at follow-up are consistent.
“Results, however, often show inconsistent or null effects on physical symptoms [53,55,56], but consistent gains in health-related QoL at follow up [55,56].”
From Mindfulness and physical disease: a concise review (2019) · cites this paper as [55]
MBSR has shown efficacy in treating pain, depression, stress and anxiety.
“Mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR), which combines meditation training and stress management practices, has shown efficacy in treating pain, depression, stress and anxiety.(25–29)”
Statistics that don’t add up
Each reported p-value recomputed from its test statistic and degrees of freedom.
Inconsistent p-value: F(1,70) = 3.28, p = .08
MinorThe paper reports p = .08 here; recomputing from the test statistic and its degrees of freedom gives p = .074. The check cannot tell whether the statistic or the p-value is the misprint.
Reported p = .08 · recomputed p = .074
“F(1,70) = 3.28, P = 0.08”
Inconsistent p-value: F(1,71) = 14.98, p < .0001
MinorThe paper reports p < .0001 here; recomputing from the test statistic and its degrees of freedom gives p < .001. The check cannot tell whether the statistic or the p-value is the misprint.
Reported p < .0001 · recomputed p < .001
“F(1,71) = 14.98, P< 0.0001”
Statistics recomputed
Every reported test result, recomputed from its test statistic and degrees of freedom. A result shows as not adding up only once an independent check has confirmed it.
- Doesn’t add upF(1, 71) = 14.98reported p < .0001 · recomputed p < .001
“F(1,71) = 14.98, p < .0001”
- Doesn’t add upF(1, 70) = 3.28reported p = .08 · recomputed p = .074
“F(1,70) = 3.28, p = .08”
- ConsistentF(1, 71) = 20.81reported p < .0001 · recomputed p < .001
“F(1,71) = 20.81, p < .0001”
- ConsistentF(1, 72) = 21.449reported p < .0001 · recomputed p < .001
“F(1,72) =21.449, p < .0001”
- ConsistentF(1, 72) = 7.88reported p = .006 · recomputed p = .006
“F(1, 72) =7.88, p = .006”
- ConsistentF(1, 71) = 11.29reported p = .001 · recomputed p = .001
“F(1, 71) = 11.29, p = .001”
- ConsistentF(1, 72) = 4.55reported p = .036 · recomputed p = .036
“F(1,72) = 4.55, p = .036”
- ConsistentF(1, 72) = 5.29reported p = .024 · recomputed p = .024
“F(1,72) = 5.29, p = .024”
- ConsistentF(1, 71) = 17.94reported p < .0001 · recomputed p < .001
“F(1,71) = 17.94, p < .0001”
- ConsistentF(1, 71) = 5.12reported p = .027 · recomputed p = .027
“F(1,71) = 5.12, p = .027”
- ConsistentF(1, 71) = 4.67reported p = .03 · recomputed p = .034
“F(1, 71) = 4.67, p = .03”
- ConsistentF(1, 69) = 4.27reported p = .04 · recomputed p = .043
“F(1,69) = 4.27, p = .04”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
IBS-severity ANOVA reports incompatible denominator degrees of freedom
MinorFor each baseline comparison, the reported time effect and intervention-by-time interaction come from the same repeated-measures ANOVA and should have the same denominator degrees of freedom. The reported values instead switch between 71 and 72.
“Intent-to-treat analyses of changes in overall IBS severity scores between baseline and post-treatment assessment (F(1,71) = 20.81, P<0.0001) and between baseline and 3-month follow-up (F(1,72) =21.449, P<0.0001).”
“both at post-treatment evaluation (F(1, 72) =7.88, P = 0.006) and at 3-month follow-up (F(1, 71) = 11.29, P = 0.001).”
Abstract and methods give different randomized counts
MinorThe abstract says 75 patients were randomized, whereas the methods say 97 were randomized and 75 subsequently began treatment.
“Seventy-five female IBS patients were randomly assigned to eight weekly and one half-day intensive sessions of either mindfulness group (MG) training or a support group (SG).”
“Of the 223 women assessed for eligibility, 97 were found to be eligible, and were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups.”
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“Psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and hypnosis have proven among the most successful treatments for IBS (”
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“A previous study successfully used an SG as a control condition for CBT (”
MethodA controlled study of a stress-reduction, cognitive-behavioral treatment program in fibromyalgia.
Goldenberg, D. L., Kaplan, K. H., Nadeau, M. G., Brodeur, C., Smith, S., & Schmid, C. H. (1994) · Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain · doi:10.1300/j094v02n02_05 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
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Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Esmer, G., Blum, J., Rulf, J., & Pier, J. (2010) · The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association · doi:10.7556/jaoa.2010.110.11.646 · Cited by 120
The Meaning of Mindfulness: A Second-Order Cybernetics of Stress, Metacognition, and Coping
Garland, E. L. (2007) · Complementary health practice review · doi:10.1177/1533210107301740 · Cited by 118 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Through mindfulness practice, one learns to evoke a non-evaluative state of present-moment awareness (”
BackgroundSelf-citationDepression and Abdominal Pain in IBS Patients: The Mediating Role of Catastrophizing
Lackner, J. M., Quigley, B. M., & Blanchard, E. B. (2004) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000126195.82317.46 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
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Palsson, O. S., & Drossman, D. A. (2005) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2005.02.004 · Cited by 99 · cited 1× · see citing works
“As pain is a prominent symptom in IBS and stress exacerbates IBS symptoms (”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe usual medical care for irritable bowel syndrome
Whitehead, W. E., Levy, R. L., Korff, M. V., Feld, A., Palsson, O. S., Turner, M. J., & Drossman, D. A. (2004) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02256.x · Cited by 88 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Conventional medical care for IBS has primarily focused on diet and lifestyle management, behavioral treatments, and pharmacological agents, particularly antispasmodics (”
BackgroundSelf-citationComplementary and alternative medicine for IBS in adults: mind-body interventions.
Kearney, D. J., & Brown-Chang, J. (2008) · Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1257 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
van Son, J., Nyklíček, I., Pop, V. J., & Pouwer, F. (2011) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-131 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Mindfulness for irritable bowel syndrome: protocol development for a controlled clinical trial
Gaylord, S. A., Whitehead, W. E., Coble, R. S., Faurot, K. R., Palsson, O. S., Garland, E. L., Frey, W., & Mann, J. D. (2009) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-9-24 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationDrossman, D. A. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000156107.13247.69 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Review: Therapeutic advances in functional gastrointestinal disease: irritable bowel syndrome
Gaman, A., Bucur, M. C., & Kuo, B. (2009) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756283x08103656 · Cited by 12 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Newer medications approved for IBS include serotonin type-3 receptor antagonists and chloride channel agonists (”
Background
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Sorted by citations
Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M. S., Gould, N. F., Rowland-Seymour, A., Sharma, R., Berger, Z., Sleicher, D., Maron, D. D., Shihab, H. M., et al. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018 · Cited by 2,380 · see citing works
Creswell, J. D. (2017) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-042716-051139 · Cited by 1,702 · see citing works
“Mindfulness interventions may reduce symptoms and improve quality of life across a broad range of stress-related conditions (e.g., fibromyalgia, IBS, breast cancer, psoriasis); however, relatively little is currently known about how mindfulness interventions affect health behaviors.”
Enck, P., Aziz, Q., Barbara, G., Farmer, A. D., Fukudo, S., Mayer, E. A., Niesler, B., Quigley, E. M. M., Rajilić-Stojanović, M. D., Schemann, M., et al. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.14 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Mindfulness Meditation for Chronic Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Hilton, L., Hempel, S., Ewing, B. A., Apaydin, E., Xenakis, L., Newberry, S., Colaiaco, B., Maher, A. R., Shanman, R. M., Sorbero, M. E., et al. (2017) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-016-9844-2 · Cited by 977 · see citing works
Ford, A. C., Moayyedi, P., Lacy, B. E., Lembo, A. J., Saito, Y. A., Schiller, L. R., Soffer, E., Spiegel, B. M. R., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2014) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2014.187 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
Van Oudenhove, L., Levy, R. L., Crowell, M. D., Drossman, D. A., Halpert, A. D., Keefer, L., Lackner, J. M., Murphy, T. B., & Naliboff, B. D. (2016) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.027 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Irritable bowel syndrome: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and evidence-based medicine
Saha, L. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i22.6759 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Ford, A. C., Lacy, B. E., Harris, L. A., Quigley, E. M. M., & Moayyedi, P. (2019) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0222-5 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
“Six RCTs used cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) [35, 39, 41, 42, 53, 81], six trials used relaxation training or therapy [33, 36, 37, 55, 60, 61], five RCTs, reported in four separate articles, used hypnotherapy [10, 34, 57, 58], four trials, reported in three separate articles, used multi-component psychological the…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialGarland, E. L., Manusov, E. G., Froeliger, B., Kelly, A., Williams, J. M., & Howard, M. O. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0035798 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
“…group therapy for chronic pain, was found in prior RCTs to have equivalent perceived credibility to mindfulness-based interventions and to significantly reduce psychological distress among persons suffering from chronic pain (Gaylord et al., 2011) and addiction (Garland, Gaylord, et al., 2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationFord, A. C., Quigley, E. M. M., Lacy, B. E., Lembo, A. J., Saito, Y. A., Schiller, L. R., Soffer, E. E., Spiegel, B. M. R., & Moayyedi, P. (2014) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2014.148 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
American College of Gastroenterology Monograph on Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Ford, A. C., Moayyedi, P., Chey, W. D., Harris, L. A., Lacy, B. E., Saito, Y. A., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2018) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0084-x · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Robins, C. J., Keng, S., Ekblad, A. G., & Brantley, J. G. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20857 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Kerr, C. E., Sacchet, M. D., Lazar, S. W., Moore, C. I., & Jones, S. R. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00012 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
“Based on multiple randomized clinical trials, there is good evidence for the efficacy of these ST-Mindfulness programs for preventing mood disorders in people at high risk of depression (Teasdale et al., 2000a,b; Ma and Teasdale, 2004; Segal et al., 2010; Fjorback et al., 2011; Piet and Hougaard, 2011), improving mood…”
BackgroundMindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account
Zeidan, F., & Vago, D. R. (2016) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13153 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Black, C. J., Thakur, E. R., Houghton, L. A., Quigley, E. M. M., Moayyedi, P., & Ford, A. C. (2020) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321191 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Zeidan, F., Grant, J. A., Brown, C. A., McHaffie, J. G., & Coghill, R. C. (2012) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.03.082 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
“Garland and colleagues recently determined that eight weeks of mindfulness training significantly improved pain symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients, even after three months of training [23,24].”
Garland, E. L., Froeliger, B., Zeidan, F., Partin, K., & Howard, M. O. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.08.006 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Froeliger, B., & Howard, M. O. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00173 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
“Indeed, there is support for the effectiveness of MBIs in reducing stress and improving clinical outcomes across disorders as diverse as depression (57), irritable bowel syndrome (58), and chronic pain (59).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLakhan, S. E., & Schofield, K. L. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071834 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
“Three studies [53–56] subsequently employed randomized controlled trials, all finding evidence for sustained improvement in IBS symptoms following MBT.”
ResultAcupuncture for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Manheimer, E. W., Cheng, K., Wieland, L. S., Min, L. S., Shen, X., Berman, B., & Lao, L. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005111.pub3 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Froeliger, B., & Howard, M. O. (2014) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3504-7 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., Palsson, O., Faurot, K., Douglas Mann, J., & Whitehead, W. E. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9391-z · Cited by 210 · see citing works
“, 2007), as well as our own findings of significantly improved psychological distress among IBS patients at follow-up (Gaylord et al., 2011).”
InfluentialSelf-citationA Rome Working Team Report on Brain-Gut Behavior Therapies for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction
Keefer, L., Ballou, S. K., Drossman, D. A., Ringstrom, G., Elsenbruch, S., & Ljótsson, B. (2022) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.09.015 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
“39 More speci fi cally, mindfulness aims to regulate patients ’ negative emotional and cognitive reactions to their GI symptoms, 38 which can exacerbate symptoms.”
BackgrounddeVibe, M., Bjørndal, A., Fattah, S., Dyrdal, G. M., Halland, E., & Tanner-Smith, E. E. (2017) · Campbell Systematic Reviews: Better Evidence for a Better World · doi:10.4073/csr.2017.11 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Keng, S.-L., Smoski, M. J., Robins, C. J., Ekblad, A. G., & Brantley, J. G. (2012) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.26.3.270 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
“Research has found that MBSR leads to increased self-reported mindfulness (Anderson et al., 2007; Bränström et al., 2010; Campbell, Labelle, Bacon, Faris, & Carlson, 2012; Carmody, Reed, Kristeller, & Merriam, 2008; Dobkin & Zhao, 2011; Garland, Gaylord, & Fredrickson, 2011; Gaylord et al., 2011; Gayner et al., 2012;…”
Li, W., Garland, E. L., McGovern, P., O’Brien, J. E., Tronnier, C. D., & Howard, M. O. (2017) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000269 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
“A SG format was selected as the control condition because SGs have been shown to be therapeutically active (cf. Garland et al., 2010; Gaylord et al., 2011), structurally similar to the MORE intervention, and capable of controlling for nonspecific factors including social support, attention by a…”
MethodSelf-citationCarlson, L. E. (2012) · ISRN Psychiatry · doi:10.5402/2012/651583 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
“Another group from the USA has tested in-person traditional MBSR in 75 female IBS patients, reporting an RCT comparing MBSR to a support group matched for time and other nonspecific factors [112].”
BackgroundZernicke, K. A., Campbell, T. S., Blustein, P. K., Fung, T. S., Johnson, J. A., Bacon, S. L., & Carlson, L. E. (2013) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-012-9241-6 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Nakamura, Y., Barrett, J. W., Baker, A. K., Reese, S. E., Riquino, M. R., Froeliger, B., & Donaldson, G. W. (2022) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.0033 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Riquino, M. R., Reese, S. E., Baker, A. K., Salas, K., Yack, B. P., Bedford, C. E., Bryan, M. A., Atchley, R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000390 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
“This intervention, which typifies a widely-available form of conventional, process-oriented group therapy, was found in three prior RCTs to have equivalent perceived credibility to mindfulness-based interventions (Garland et al., 2010, 2014; Gaylord et al., 2011).”
MethodSelf-citationPsychological Interventions for Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Ballou, S., & Keefer, L. (2017) · Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ctg.2016.69 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
“quality of life, after having completed 8 weekly training sessions in mindfulness.(71) In 2013, another study replicated”
BackgroundFeasibility of an Online Mindfulness Program for Stress Management—A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Morledge, T. J., Allexandre, D., Fox, E., Fu, A. Z., Higashi, M. K., Kruzikas, D. T., Pham, S. V., & Reese, P. R. (2013) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-013-9490-x · Cited by 159 · see citing works
“One of the betterknown mindfulness interventions is Jon Kabat-Zinn’s 8week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction meditation workshop [12], demonstrating positive effects in patients with various chronic diseases [13–17].”
BackgroundWaldron, E. M., Hong, S., Moskowitz, J. T., & Burnett-Zeigler, I. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0920-5 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Behavioral and Diet Therapies in Integrated Care for Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Chey, W. D., Keefer, L., Whelan, K., & Gibson, P. R. (2021) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.06.099 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Jedel, S., Hoffman, A., Merriman, P., Swanson, B., Voigt, R., Rajan, K. B., Shaikh, M., Li, H., & Keshavarzian, A. (2014) · Digestion · doi:10.1159/000356316 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Ljótsson, B., Hesser, H., Andersson, E., Lackner, J. M., El Alaoui, S., Falk, L., Aspvall, K., Fransson, J., Hammarlund, K., Löfström, A., et al. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.01.007 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
“…studies have been published where the treatments under investigation have included interventions that explicitly target GSA (Craske et al., 2011; Gaylord et al., 2011; Hunt, Moshier, & Milonova, 2009; Ljótsson, Andersson, et al., 2011; Ljótsson, Andréewitch, et al., 2010; Ljótsson, Falk, et…”
BackgroundInfluentialLaird, K. T., Tanner-Smith, E., Russell, A. C., Hollon, S., & Walker, L. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.11.001 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Laird, K. T., Tanner-Smith, E. E., Russell, A. C., Hollon, S. D., & Walker, L. S. (2016) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2015.11.020 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Ljótsson, B., Andersson, G., Andersson, E., Hedman, E., Lindfors, P., Andréewitch, S., Rück, C., & Lindefors, N. (2011) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-11-110 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
“While patients in both studies experienced improvement in quality of life only one of the studies demonstrated effects on IBS symptoms [36].”
BackgroundResultRole of brain imaging in disorders of brain–gut interaction: a Rome Working Team Report
Mayer, E. A., Labus, J., Aziz, Q., Tracey, I., Kilpatrick, L., Elsenbruch, S., Schweinhardt, P., Van Oudenhove, L., & Borsook, D. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318308 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Acupuncture for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Manheimer, E. W., Wieland, L. S., Cheng, K., Li, S. M., Shen, X., Berman, B., & Lao, L. (2012) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2012.66 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based Group Therapy for Women with Provoked Vestibulodynia
Brotto, L. A., Basson, R., Smith, K. B., Driscoll, M., & Sadownik, L. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0273-z · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Wu, J. C. (2012) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm.2012.18.1.13 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Psychological Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: What Do We Know?
Chiesa, A., Anselmi, R., & Serretti, A. (2014) · Holistic Nursing Practice · doi:10.1097/hnp.0000000000000017 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Hung, A., Kang, N., Bollom, A., et al. (2015) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3498-3 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Berrill, J. W., Sadlier, M., Hood, K., & Green, J. T. (2014) · Journal of Crohn's and Colitis · doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2014.01.018 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Zeidan, F., Baumgartner, J. N., & Coghill, R. C. (2019) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000000759 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Complementary and alternative medicines in irritable bowel syndrome: An integrative view
Grundmann, O. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i2.346 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Froeliger, B., Garland, E. L., Kozink, R. V., Modlin, L. A., Chen, N.-K., McClernon, F. J., Greeson, J. M., & Sobin, P. (2012) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2012/680407 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“Indeed, there is mounting empirical evidence of the role of mindfulness in reducing stress and improving clinical outcomes across issues as diverse as depression [4], irritable bowel syndrome [5], chronic pain [6], and addiction [7–9].”
BackgroundThe Recurrent Pain and Sexual Sequelae of Provoked Vestibulodynia: A Perpetuating Cycle
Basson, R. J. (2012) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02803.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review and Update
Occhipinti, K. E., & Smith, J. W. (2012) · Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1301759 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Effect of Yoga in the Therapy of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Schumann, D., Anheyer, D., Lauche, R., Dobos, G. J., Langhorst, J., & Cramer, H. (2016) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.04.026 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Comparison of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Versus Yoga on Urinary Urge Incontinence
Baker, J. E., Costa, D., Guarino, J. M., & Nygaard, I. (2014) · Urogynecology · doi:10.1097/spv.0000000000000061 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn(20) in 1979, is a group-based, psychoeducational intervention that teaches participants mindfulness techniques and has been studied widely to treat or reduce symptoms in awide variety of conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome.(21) Mindfulne…”
BackgroundMechanisms of change in an exposure-based treatment for irritable bowel syndrome.
Ljótsson, B., Hesser, H., Andersson, E., Lindfors, P., Hursti, T., Rück, C., Lindefors, N., Andersson, G., & Hedman, E. (2013) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033439 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Psychosocial Distress in Patients Presenting With Voice Concerns
Misono, S., Peterson, C. B., Meredith, L. N., Banks, K. M., Bandyopadhyay, D., Yueh, B., & Frazier, P. A. (2014) · Journal of Voice · doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.02.010 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Mindfulness and physical disease: a concise review
Greeson, J. M., & Chin, G. R. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.014 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“Results, however, often show inconsistent or null effects on physical symptoms [53,55,56], but consistent gains in health-related QoL at follow up [55,56].”
ResultKavuri, V., Selvan, P., Malamud, A., Nagarathna, R., & Selvan, S. R. (2015) · European Journal of Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eujim.2015.11.001 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Schoultz, M., Atherton, I., & Watson, A. J. M. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0909-5 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“In summary, while high dropout rates are a recognised occurrence in psychological intervention trials [69–71], the demand for psychological interventions in IBD is pertinent, and judging from those that attended the intervention, it appears that careful patient selection remains essential [72, 73].”
BackgroundFord, A. C., & Talley, N. J. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e5836 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Management of the multiple symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome
Simrén, M., Törnblom, H., Palsson, O. S., & Whitehead, W. E. (2017) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30116-9 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationDossett, M. L., Davis, R. B., Lembo, A. J., et al. (2014) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2014.108 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Fogarty, F. A., Lu, L. M., Sollers, J. J., Krivoschekov, S. G., Booth, R. J., & Consedine, N. S. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0242-6 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The use of psychotropic drugs in irritable bowel syndrome
Dekel, R., Drossman, D. A., & Sperber, A. D. (2013) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.761205 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Health-Related Quality of Life in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Cassar, G. E., Youssef, G., Knowles, S., Moulding, R., & Austin, D. (2020) · Gastroenterology Nursing · doi:10.1097/sga.0000000000000530 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Research has also examined mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR; Gaylord et al., 2011), hypnotherapy, and psychodynamic interpersonal therapy (Naliboff et al.”
Naliboff, B. D., Smith, S. R., Serpa, J. G., Laird, K. T., Stains, J., Connolly, L. S., Labus, J. S., & Tillisch, K. (2020) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.13828 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Behavioural medicine and gastrointestinal disorders: the promise of positive psychology
Keefer, L. (2018) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-018-0001-1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Bai, C.-F., Cui, N.-X., Xu, X., Mi, G.-L., Sun, J.-W., Shao, D., Li, J., Jiang, Y.-Z., Yang, Q.-Q., Zhang, X., et al. (2019) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dez066 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Advanced Nursing Practice
Williams, H., Simmons, L. A., & Tanabe, P. J. (2015) · Journal of Holistic Nursing · doi:10.1177/0898010115569349 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“, 2013), irritable bowel syndrome (Gaylord et al., 2011; Zernicke et al., 2013), HIV/ AIDS (Duncan et al.”
BackgroundAucoin, M., Lalonde-Parsi, M.-J., & Cooley, K. (2014) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2014/140724 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Impact of Psychological Comorbidity on the Prognosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Goodoory, V. C., Mikocka‐Walus, A. A., Yiannakou, Y., Houghton, L. A., Black, C. J., & Ford, A. C. (2021) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001247 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“Similarly, mindfulness-based therapies, which are derived from Buddhist contemplative practice, may reduce psychopathology, and improve bowel symptoms in IBS, although again the evidence, to date, is limited (52,53).”
BackgroundDowd, A. J., & Jung, M. E. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.02.023 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“A recent mindfulness (a component of self-compassion) based intervention was associated with improved CQoL, reduced stress and reduced symptom severity among adults with irritable bowel syndrome (Gaylord et al., 2011).”
Integrative Approaches to Pain Management
Chiaramonte, D. R., Adamo, C. D., & Morrison, B. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-08340-9.00049-9 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Goodoory, V. C., Khasawneh, M., Thakur, E. R., Everitt, H., Gudleski, G. D., Lackner, J. M., Moss-Morris, R. E., Simrén, M., Vasant, D. H., Moayyedi, P., et al. (2024) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2024.05.010 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Mindfulness Meditation to Promote Wellness and Manage Chronic Disease
Victorson, D., Kentor, M., Maletich, C., Lawton, R. C., Kaufman, V. H., Borrero, M., Languido, L., Lewett, K., Pancoe, H., & Berkowitz, C. (2015) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827614537789 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Re-examining the Mysterious Role of the Cerebellum in Pain
Li, C. N., Keay, K. A., Henderson, L. A., & Mychasiuk, R. (2024) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1538-23.2024 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Flik, C. E., Bakker, L., Laan, W., van Rood, Y. R., Smout, A. J. P. M., & de Wit, N. J. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i12.2223 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Mind-body treatments of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: An updated meta-analysis
Shah, K., Ramos-Garcia, M., Bhavsar, J., & Lehrer, P. M. (2019) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103462 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Keefer, L., Ko, C. W., & Ford, A. C. (2021) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2021.07.006 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“In IBS, mindfulness has been shown to improve specific symptoms such as constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and gastrointestinal-specific anxiety, especially in women.(37) Furthermore, it can decrease visceral hypersensitivity, improve cognitive appraisal of symptoms, and improve quality of life.”
BackgroundEdman, J. S., Greeson, J. M., Roberts, R., Kaufman, A. B., Abrams, D. I., Dolor, R. J., & Wolever, R. Q. (2016) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2016.12.005 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“This finding was surprising given the demonstrated positive impact that Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has on IBS symptom severity.(6,18) The lack of correlation in our sample could not be explained by a restricted range of variance in either correlate, or by a lack of power in the subsample of 132 patients.”
ResultGarland, E. L., Baker, A. K., & Howard, M. O. (2017) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.1086/694324 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“among people suffering from chronic pain (Gaylord et al., 2011) and addiction (Garland, Gaylord, Boettiger, & Howard, 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMisono, S., Meredith, L. N., Peterson, C. B., & Frazier, P. A. (2015) · Journal of Voice · doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.002 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
A case–control study of childhood trauma in the development of irritable bowel syndrome
Halland, M., Almazar, A. E., Lee, R., Atkinson, E. J., Larson, J. J., Talley, N. J., & Saito, Y. A. (2014) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12353 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Saigo, T., Tayama, J., Hamaguchi, T., Nakaya, N., Tomiie, T., Bernick, P. J., Kanazawa, M., Labus, J. S., Naliboff, B. D., Shirabe, S., et al. (2014) · BioPsychoSocial Medicine · doi:10.1186/1751-0759-8-10 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“In recent years, the VSI has been used in Western countries when implementing cognitive behavioral therapy to reduce anxiety associated with IBS symptoms [29,39,40].”
MethodGarland, E. L., Schwarz, N. R., Kelly, A., Whitt, A., & Howard, M. O. (2012) · Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions · doi:10.1080/1533256x.2012.702638 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“, 2002), irritable bowel syndrome (Gaylord et al., 2011), chronic pain (Rosenzweig et al.”
BackgroundSelf-citationRoberts, R. L., Ledermann, K., & Garland, E. L. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110677 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness Research in Social Work: Conceptual and Methodological Recommendations
Garland, E. L. (2013) · Social Work Research · doi:10.1093/swr/svt038 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Hudak, J., Hanley, A. W., & Nakamura, Y. (2020) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000638 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“This intervention, which typifies a widely-available form of conventional, process-oriented group therapy, was found in three prior RCTs to have equivalent perceived credibility to mindfulness-based interventions (Garland et al., 2010, 2014; Gaylord et al., 2011).”
MethodSelf-citationLucak, S., Chang, L., Halpert, A., & Harris, L. (2017) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756283x16663396 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“Mindfulness meditation may be useful, as it has been shown to reduce IBS symptom severity [Gaylord et al. 2011].”
BackgroundAddante, R. A., Naliboff, B. D., Shih, W., Presson, A. P., Tillisch, K., Mayer, E. A., & Chang, L. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000978 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Altayar, O., Sharma, V., Prokop, L. J., Sood, A., & Murad, M. H. (2015) · Gastroenterology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/2015/549308 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Martinez, M. E., Kearney, D. J., Simpson, T., Felleman, B. I., Bernardi, N., & Sayre, G. (2015) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2014.0324 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“16, 37, 40”
Cassar, G. E., Knowles, S., Youssef, G. J., Moulding, R., Uiterwijk, D., Waters, L., & Austin, D. W. (2018) · Psychology, Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1476722 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“This has been found to occur through changes in cognitive and affective processes, modifying the impact of symptoms and subsequent suffering (Ferreira et al., 2017; Garland et al., 2012; Gaylord et al., 2011; McCracken & Gutierrez-Martinez, 2011).”
BackgroundResultPorcelli, P., Carne, M. D., & Leandro, G. (2016) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.11.010 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Parker, C. H., Naliboff, B. D., Shih, W., Presson, A. P., Kilpatrick, L. A., Gupta, A., Liu, C., Keefer, L., Sauk, J. S., Hirten, R. P., et al. (2020) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2020.08.043 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Nakamura, Y., Bryan, C. J., Hanley, A. W., Parisi, A. B., Froeliger, B., Marchand, W. R., & Donaldson, G. W. (2024) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20230272 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Thomas, E. A., & Howard, M. O. (2014) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.03.006 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“Mindfulness training – the practice of cultivating a non-reactive, receptive awareness of and attention to present moment experiences – has been shown to reduce pain symptoms (8-10), decrease emotional distress (11, 12), and reduce addictive behaviors (13).”
BackgroundSelf-citationHenrich, J. F., Knittle, K. P., Gucht, V. D., Warren, S., Dombrowski, S. U., & Stan Maes, A. (2014) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.12.009 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“[37] Gaylord SA, Palsson OS, Garland EL, Faurot KR, Coble RS, Mann JD, et al.”
BackgroundTuran, G. B., & Tan, M. (2019) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101070 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for the management of irritable bowel syndrome
Tang, Q.-L. (2013) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i46.8605 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Aspects of the non-pharmacological treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Eriksson, E. (2015) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i40.11439 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gaylord, S. A., Palsson, O. S., Garland, E. L., Faurot, K. R., Coble, R. S., Mann, D. J., Frey, W., Leniek, K., & Whitehead, W. E.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Florida State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gaylord, Susan A
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Gastroenterology
- Published
- 2011-09
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1678-1688
- ISSN
- 0002-9270 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6502251
- OpenAlex
- W2095505246
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 27.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The American Journal of Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK031369, R24DK067674)
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT002750, R21AT003619, T32AT003378)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- mindfulness training, irritable bowel syndrome, women, group intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, symptom severity, health-related quality of life, psychological distress, visceral sensitivity, treatment credibility, non-judgmental awareness
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Emotions, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Self-Help Groups, Sensation, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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