Mindfulness meditation-related pain relief: evidence for unique brain mechanisms in the regulation of pain
Open accessAbstract
The cognitive modulation of pain is influenced by a number of factors ranging from attention, beliefs, conditioning, expectations, mood, and the regulation of emotional responses to noxious sensory events. Recently, mindfulness meditation has been found attenuate pain through some of these mechanisms including enhanced cognitive and emotional control, as well as altering the contextual evaluation of sensory events. This review discusses the brain mechanisms involved in mindfulness meditation-related pain relief across different meditative techniques, expertise and training levels, experimental procedures, and neuroimaging methodologies. Converging lines of neuroimaging evidence reveal that mindfulness meditation-related pain relief is associated with unique appraisal cognitive processes depending on expertise level and meditation tradition. Moreover, it is postulated that mindfulness meditation-related pain relief may share a common final pathway with other cognitive techniques in the modulation of pain.
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A growing body of literature indicates that even brief mindfulness-based interventions can reduce reported acute and chronic pain.
“A growing body of literature has found that even brief mindfulness-based interventions can reduce reported levels of acute [Zeidan et al., 2012] and chronic pain [Ussher et al., 2014].”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy in youth with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and chronic pain and their parents: A pilot study of feasibility and preliminary efficacy (2016) · cites this paper as Zeidan et al., 2012
A study by Zeidan et al. outlined the detailed mechanisms behind mindfulness-based pain relief.
“A study by Zeidan et al. outlined the detailed mechanisms behind mindfulness-based pain relief.[8]”
From Mindfulness influences the psycho-social dimension of chronic pain: A randomized controlled clinical trial in Indian context (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
Mindfulness meditation reduces pain via several distinct psychological and neural pathways.
“demonstrating that mindfulness meditation significantly attenuates pain through multiple, unique mechanisms”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [15]
Mindfulness meditation may reduce pain by engaging top-down inhibition from OFC to thalamus over ascending nociceptive signals.
“We postulated that mindfulness meditation attenuates pain through engagement of top-down (OFC to thalamus) inhibition of ascending nociceptive information.15, 20, 21, 23”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [15]
Cross-sectional or case-control designs reduce generalizability due to possible group differences in demographics, demand characteristics, and meditation tradition.
“Furthermore, the aforementioned studies employed cross-sectional and/or case control designs, consequently limiting their generalizability because of the wide spectrum of potential between-group differences (e.g., demographics, demand characteristics, and meditative tradition) that may exist.15”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [15]
Factors such as conditioning, psychosocial context, facilitator attention, setting, posture, and demand characteristics might mediate health gains attributed to mindfulness meditation.
“Nonspecific and potentially confounding variables, such as conditioning effects, psychosocial contexts, facilitator attention, intervention setting, body posture, and/or demand characteristics associated with the belief that one is practicing meditation,15, 27, 135 could mediate mindfulness meditation–related health improvements.136, 137”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [15]
Meditation's clinical usefulness for pain is constrained by the belief that long training is necessary for benefit.
“Yet, the utility of meditation for treating pain remains limited because of the assumption that the benefits of meditation require lengthy training regimens.15, 27”
From Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account (2016) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Zeidan, F., Grant, J. A., Brown, C. A., McHaffie, J. G., & Coghill, R. C.
- Affiliations
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Zeidan, F.
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 520
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 165-173
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3580050
- OpenAlex
- W2064069127
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-39426, R01NS039426)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- mindfulness meditation, analgesia, pain modulation, cognitive appraisal of pain, neural mechanisms, emotion regulation, attention
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Brain, Humans, Pain, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Meditation, Pain Management, Neuroimaging
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