Sex differences in autoimmune disease

Whitacre, Caroline C.·2001·Nature Immunology

DOI 10.1038/ni0901-777

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ni0901-777

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 29

Beeson, P. B. Am. J. Med. 96, 457–462 (1994). · DOI · Paper page
Fishman, J. R., Wick, J. G. & Koenig, B. A. Agenda for Research on Women's Health for the 21st Century: NIH Publication 99-4385. Vol.2, 15–19 (NIH, Bethesda, MD, 1999).
Jawaheer, D. et al. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68, 927–936 (2001). · DOI · Paper page
Collier, E., Diamond, B., Weinblatt, A. C., Whitacre, C. & Mitchell, K. C. Agenda for Research on Women's Health for the 21st Century: NIH Publication 99-4386. Vol. 2, 93–100. (NIH, Bethesda, MD,1999).
Whitacre, C. C. et al. Sex Differences in Autoimmune Disease: Focus on Multiple Sclerosis. Science (1999). http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/983519.shl .
Whitacre, C. C., Reingold, S. C. & O'Looney, P. A. & Task Force on Gender, Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmunity Science 283, 1277–1278 (1999). · DOI · Paper page
Wizemann, T. M. & and Pardue, M.-L. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health: Does sex matter? (Board on Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine, 2001).
Eidinger, D. & Garrett, T. J. Exp. Med. 136, 1098–1116 (1972). · DOI · Paper page
Weinstein, Y., Ran, S. & Segal, S. J. Immunol. 132, 656–661 (1984). · DOI
Michaels, R. & Rogers, K. Pediatrics 47, 120–123 (1971). · DOI
Vranckx, R., Muylle, L., Cole, J., Moldenhaser, R. & Peetermans, M. Vox Sang. 50, 220–222 (1986). · DOI
Amadori, A. et al. Nature Med. 1, 1279–1283 (1995). · DOI · Paper page
Huygen, K. & Palfliet, K. Cell. Immunol. 85, 75–81 (1984). · DOI
Wynn, D., Rodriguez, M., O'Fallon, W. M. & Kurland, L. T. Neurology 40, 780–786 (1990). · DOI
Gilmore, W., Weiner, L. & Correale, J. J. Immunol. 158, 446–451 (1997). · DOI · Paper page
Araneo, B., Dowell, T., Diegel, M. & Daynes, R. Blood 78, 688–699 (1991). · DOI
Nelson, J. & Ostensen, M. Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am. 23, 195–212 (1997). · DOI
Confavreux, C., Hutchinson, M., Hours, M. M., Cortinovis-Tourniaire, P. & Moreau T. N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 285–291 (1998). · DOI · Paper page
Silver, R. & Branch, D. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol. 6, 565–600 (1992).
Lockshin, M. Arthritis Rheum. 32, 665–670 (1989). · DOI
Petri, M. Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am. 20, 87–118 (1994). · DOI
Spector, T. D. et al. Clin Rheumatol. 8, 37–41 (1989). · DOI
Nelson, J. L. Lupus 8, 370–374 (1999). · DOI
Nelson, J. L. et al. N. Engl. J. Med. 329, 466–471 (1993). · DOI
Jansson, L. & Holmdahl, R. Inflamm. Res. 47, 290–301 (1998). · DOI
Kim, S, Liva, S. M., Dalal, M. A., Verity, M. A. & Voskuhl, R.R. Neurology 52, 1230–1238 (1999). · DOI · Paper page
Dalal, M., Kim, S. & Voskuhl, R. R. J. Immunol. 159, 3–6 (1997). · DOI · Paper page
Wilder, R. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 13, 307–338 (1995). · DOI · Paper page
Griffin, A. C. & Whitacre, C. C. J. Neuroimmunol. 35, 53–64 (1991). · DOI

Sleep disturbance, sleep duration, and inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and experimental sleep deprivation
Irwin, M. R., Olmstead, R., & Carroll, J. E. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.05.014 · Cited by 2,085
Sex differences in the gut microbiome drive hormone-dependent regulation of autoimmunity
Markle, J. G. M., Frank, D. N., Mortin-Toth, S., Robertson, C. E., Feazel, L. M., Rolle-Kampczyk, U., von Bergen, M., McCoy, K. D., Macpherson, A. J., & Danska, J. S. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1233521 · Cited by 2,025
Sex and gender: modifiers of health, disease, and medicine
Mauvais-Jarvis, F., Bairey Merz, N., Barnes, P. J., Brinton, R. D., Carrero, J.-J., DeMeo, D. L., De Vries, G. J., Epperson, C. N., Govindan, R., Klein, S. L., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31561-0 · Cited by 2,001
Sex bias in neuroscience and biomedical research
Beery, A. K., & Zucker, I. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.07.002 · Cited by 1,763
Sex differences in autism spectrum disorders
Werling, D. M., & Geschwind, D. H. (2013) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32835ee548 · Cited by 1,245
“For example, many disorders with autoimmune etiologies, such as multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosis, are female predominant [1], whereas some neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and language”
Background
Sex hormones and the immune response in humans
Bouman, A., Heineman, M. J., & Faas, M. M. (2005) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi008 · Cited by 1,131
Neuroinflammation and depression: A review
Troubat, R., Barone, P., Leman, S., Desmidt, T., Cressant, A., Atanasova, B., Brizard, B., El Hage, W., Surget, A., Belzung, C., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14720 · Cited by 1,107
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)–driven accumulation of a novel CD11c+ B-cell population is important for the development of autoimmunity
Rubtsov, A. V., Rubtsova, K., Fischer, A., Meehan, R. T., Gillis, J. Z., Kappler, J. W., & Marrack, P. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2011-01-331462 · Cited by 808
Sex differences and hormonal effects on gut microbiota composition in mice
Org, E., Mehrabian, M., Parks, B. W., Shipkova, P., Liu, X., Drake, T. A., & Lusis, A. J. (2016) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2016.1203502 · Cited by 796
Human immune system variation
Brodin, P., & Davis, M. M. (2017) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri.2016.125 · Cited by 730
Single-cell eQTL mapping identifies cell type–specific genetic control of autoimmune disease
Yazar, S., Alquicira-Hernandez, J., Wing, K., Senabouth, A., Gordon, M. G., Andersen, S., Lu, Q., Rowson, A., Taylor, T. R. P., Clarke, L., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abf3041 · Cited by 682
Sex Differences in Autoimmune Disease from a Pathological Perspective
Fairweather, D., Frisancho-Kiss, S., & Rose, N. R. (2008) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.071008 · Cited by 629
What does the “four core genotypes” mouse model tell us about sex differences in the brain and other tissues?
Arnold, A. P., & Chen, X. (2009) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.11.001 · Cited by 587
Suppressive effects of androgens on the immune system
Trigunaite, A., Dimo, J., & Jørgensen, T. N. (2015) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.02.004 · Cited by 551
Multiple sclerosis: risk factors, prodromes, and potential causal pathways
Ramagopalan, S. V., Dobson, R., Meier, U. C., & Giovannoni, G. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70094-6 · Cited by 548
A Starring Role for Microglia in Brain Sex Differences
Lenz, K. M., & McCarthy, M. M. (2015) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858414536468 · Cited by 342
Novel insights in SHBG regulation and clinical implications
Simó, R., Sáez-López, C., Barbosa-Desongles, A., Hernández, C., & Selva, D. M. (2015) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2015.05.001 · Cited by 335
Leptin as an immunomodulator
Procaccini, C., Jirillo, E., & Matarese, G. (2012) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2011.10.012 · Cited by 299
Sleep loss activates cellular markers of inflammation: Sex differences
Irwin, M. R., Carrillo, C., & Olmstead, R. (2010) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.06.001 · Cited by 287
Sex Differences in Depressive and Socioemotional Responses to an Inflammatory Challenge: Implications for Sex Differences in Depression
Moieni, M., Irwin, M. R., Jevtic, I., Olmstead, R., Breen, E. C., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.17 · Cited by 273
The impact of gut microbiota on gender-specific differences in immunity
Fransen, F., van Beek, A. A., Borghuis, T., Meijer, B., Hugenholtz, F., van der Gaast-de Jongh, C., Savelkoul, H. F., de Jonge, M. I., Faas, M. M., Boekschoten, M. V., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00754 · Cited by 266
Subjective neurological symptoms frequently occur in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection
Liguori, C., Pierantozzi, M., Spanetta, M., Sarmati, L., Cesta, N., Iannetta, M., Ora, J., Mina, G. G., Puxeddu, E., Balbi, O., et al. (2020) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.037 · Cited by 212
Gender differences in inflammatory bowel disease
Greuter, T., Manser, C., Pittet, V., Vavricka, S. R., Biedermann, L., & on behalf of Swiss IBDnet, A. O. W. G. O. T. S. S. O. G. (2020) · Digestion · doi:10.1159/000504701 · Cited by 198
Evolving Trends in Female to Male Incidence and Male Mortality of Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Lleo, A., Jepsen, P., Morenghi, E., Carbone, M., Moroni, L., Battezzati, P. M., Podda, M., Mackay, I. R., Gershwin, M. E., & Invernizzi, P. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep25906 · Cited by 186
Sex differences in microglia activity within the periaqueductal gray of the rat: A potential mechanism driving the dimorphic effects of morphine
Doyle, H. H., Eidson, L. N., Sinkiewicz, D. M., & Murphy, A. Z. (2017) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2906-16.2017 · Cited by 166
The known unknowns of T cell immunity to COVID-19
Karlsson, A. C., Humbert, M., & Buggert, M. (2020) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abe8063 · Cited by 165
17β-Estradiol (E2) modulates cytokine and chemokine expression in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells
Bengtsson, A. K., Ryan, E. J., Giordano, D., Magaletti, D. M., & Clark, E. A. (2004) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2003-10-3380 · Cited by 161
Sex and age differences in COVID-19 mortality in Europe
Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Otavova, M., Christensen, K., & Lindahl-Jacobsen, R. (2021) · Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/s00508-020-01793-9 · Cited by 160
Sex differences in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in multiple murine strains
Papenfuss, T. L., Rogers, C. J., Gienapp, I., Yurrita, M., McClain, M., Damico, N., Valo, J., Song, F., & Whitacre, C. C. (2004) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.01.018 · Cited by 152
Self-citation
Neuroendocrine-immune interactions and responses to exercise
Fragala, M. S., Kraemer, W. J., Denegar, C. R., Maresh, C. M., Mastro, A. M., & Volek, J. S. (2011) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11590430-000000000-00000 · Cited by 145
Fluctuation of peripheral blood T, B, and NK cells during a menstrual cycle of normal healthy women
Lee, S., Kim, J., Jang, B., Hur, S., Jung, U., Kil, K., Na, B., Lee, M., Choi, Y., Fukui, A., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0904192 · Cited by 130
Cross-national comparison of sex differences in health and mortality in Denmark, Japan and the US
Oksuzyan, A., Crimmins, E., Saito, Y., O’Rand, A., Vaupel, J. W., & Christensen, K. (2010) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-010-9460-6 · Cited by 114
Age and gender leucocytes variances and references values generated using the standardized ONE‐Study protocol
Kverneland, A. H., Streitz, M., Geissler, E., Hutchinson, J., Vogt, K., Boës, D., Niemann, N., Pedersen, A. E., Schlickeiser, S., & Sawitzki, B. (2016) · Cytometry Part A · doi:10.1002/cyto.a.22855 · Cited by 99
A Potential Role for Estrogen in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis
OFFNER, H., & POLANCZYK, M. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1386.021 · Cited by 102
Females remyelinate more efficiently than males following demyelination in the aged but not young adult CNS
LI, W., PENDERIS, J., ZHAO, C., SCHUMACHER, M., & FRANKLIN, R. (2006) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.05.012 · Cited by 95
Increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios in depressive adolescents is correlated with the severity of depression
Özyurt, G., & Binici, N. C. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.007 · Cited by 74
Sex differences in inflammatory markers in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection: Insights from the MGH COVID-19 patient registry
Lau, E. S., McNeill, J. N., Paniagua, S. M., Liu, E. E., Wang, J. K., Bassett, I. V., Selvaggi, C. A., Lubitz, S. A., Foulkes, A. S., & Ho, J. E. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250774 · Cited by 65
Survival and outcomes after lung transplantation for non-scleroderma connective tissue–related interstitial lung disease
Courtwright, A. M., El-Chemaly, S., Dellaripa, P. F., & Goldberg, H. J. (2017) · The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.healun.2016.12.013 · Cited by 73
Prolactin stimulates integrin-mediated adhesion of circulating mononuclear cells to endothelial cells
Montes de Oca, P., Macotela, Y., Nava, G., López-Barrera, F., de la Escalera, G. M., & Clapp, C. (2005) · Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1038/labinvest.3700256 · Cited by 71
Men have a stronger monocyte-derived cytokine production response upon stimulation with the gram-negative stimulus lipopolysaccharide than women: a pooled analysis including 15 study populations
Beenakker, K. G. M., Westendorp, R. G. J., de Craen, A. J. M., Chen, S., Raz, Y., Ballieux, B. E. P. B., Nelissen, R. G. H. H., Later, A. F. L., Huizinga, T. W., Slagboom, P. E., et al. (2020) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000499840 · Cited by 66
Estrogen protection against EAE modulates the microbiota and mucosal-associated regulatory cells
Benedek, G., Zhang, J., Nguyen, H., Kent, G., Seifert, H. A., Davin, S., Stauffer, P., Vandenbark, A. A., Karstens, L., Asquith, M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.06.007 · Cited by 64
Preexisting mild sleep disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depressed mood: a human experimental study
Cho, H. J., Eisenberger, N. I., Olmstead, R., Breen, E. C., & Irwin, M. R. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.23 · Cited by 64
12-Months metabolic changes among gender dysphoric individuals under cross-sex hormone treatment: a targeted metabolomics study
Auer, M. K., Cecil, A., Roepke, Y., Bultynck, C., Pas, C., Fuss, J., Prehn, C., Wang-Sattler, R., Adamski, J., Stalla, G. K., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep37005 · Cited by 54
Autoimmune diseases: Role of steroid hormones
Benagiano, M., Bianchi, P., D'Elios, M. M., Brosens, I., & Benagiano, G. (2019) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.03.001 · Cited by 49
Antimitochondrial antibody negative primary biliary cirrhosis in Japan: utilization of clinical data when patients applied to receive public financial aid
Sakauchi, F., Mori, M., Zeniya, M., & Toda, G. (2006) · Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.2188/jea.16.30 · Cited by 43
Sex-biased chromatin and regulatory cross-talk between sex chromosomes, autosomes, and mitochondria
Silkaitis, K., & Lemos, B. (2014) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/2042-6410-5-2 · Cited by 39
A site-specific map of the human plasma glycome and its age and gender-associated alterations
Merleev, A. A., Park, D., Xie, Y., Kailemia, M. J., Xu, G., Ruhaak, L. R., Kim, K., Hong, Q., Li, Q., Patel, F., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73588-x · Cited by 17
Sex-dependent treatment of chronic EAE with partial MHC class II constructs
Benedek, G., Chaudhary, P., Meza-Romero, R., Calkins, E., Kent, G., Offner, H., Bourdette, D., & Vandenbark, A. A. (2017) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0873-y · Cited by 13

Authors: Whitacre, C. C.
Venue: Nature Immunology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2001-09
Volume: 2
Issue: 9
Pages: 777-780
ISSN: 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
1529-2916
DOI: 10.1038/ni0901-777
OpenAlex: W1487018400
Cited by: 1,271
References: 0
FWCI: 24.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

Sex differences in autoimmune disease

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources