The role of protein in weight loss and maintenance
Open accessAbstract
Over the past 20 y, higher-protein diets have been touted as a successful strategy to prevent or treat obesity through improvements in body weight management. These improvements are thought to be due, in part, to modulations in energy metabolism, appetite, and energy intake. Recent evidence also supports higher-protein diets for improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors. This article provides an overview of the literature that explores the mechanisms of action after acute protein consumption and the clinical health outcomes after consumption of long-term, higher-protein diets. Several meta-analyses of shorter-term, tightly controlled feeding studies showed greater weight loss, fat mass loss, and preservation of lean mass after higher-protein energy-restriction diets than after lower-protein energy-restriction diets. Reductions in triglycerides, blood pressure, and waist circumference were also reported. In addition, a review of the acute feeding trials confirms a modest satiety effect, including greater perceived fullness and elevated satiety hormones after higher-protein meals but does not support an effect on energy intake at the next eating occasion. Although shorter-term, tightly controlled feeding studies consistently identified benefits with increased protein consumption, longer-term studies produced limited and conflicting findings; nevertheless, a recent meta-analysis showed persistent benefits of a higher-protein weight-loss diet on body weight and fat mass. Dietary compliance appears to be the primary contributor to the discrepant findings because improvements in weight management were detected in those who adhered to the prescribed higher-protein regimen, whereas those who did not adhere to the diet had no marked improvements. Collectively, these data suggest that higher-protein diets that contain between 1.2 and 1.6 g protein · kg-1 · d-1 and potentially include meal-specific protein quantities of at least ∼25-30 g protein/meal provide improvements in appetite, body weight management, cardiometabolic risk factors, or all of these health outcomes; however, further strategies to increase dietary compliance with long-term dietary interventions are warranted.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Higher-protein diets (≥25 percent of energy) enhance fullness, preserve lean mass, and boost resting energy expenditure versus standard protein levels.
“Higher-protein diets (≥25 percent of energy) enhance fullness, preserve lean mass, and boost resting energy expenditure versus standard protein levels [97].”
From Obesity: Clinical Impact, Pathophysiology, Complications, and Modern Innovations in Therapeutic Strategies (2025) · cites this paper as [97]
The sections on controlled higher-protein diets and the Conclusions report greater fullness and preservation of lean mass compared with lower-protein diets, particularly in shorter-term controlled studies. The mechanistic outcomes section says both diet groups’ resting energy expenditure fell during weight loss, but it fell less with higher protein; that supports preservation, not a boost. The paper includes diets with at least 25% of energy from protein, but does not establish ≥25% as a general cutoff for all three effects. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHigher protein diets (1.2-1.6 g/kg of adjusted bodyweight versus standard 0.8 g/kg) may prevent metabolic adaptation.
“Higher protein diets (1.2–1.6 g/kg of adjusted bodyweight versus standard 0.8 g/kg) may prevent this type of metabolic adaptation”
From Lifestyle Medicine for Obesity in the Era of Highly Effective Anti-Obesity Treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [141]
The Mechanistic Outcomes section (page not provided) reports that higher-protein diets preserved resting energy expenditure better during weight loss, which supports the claim's general point about attenuating a metabolic decline. But resting energy expenditure fell on both diets; the paper does not establish prevention of metabolic adaptation or specify protein intake per kilogram of adjusted body weight. The Clinical Outcomes section (page not provided) compares protein ranges that include roughly 0.8 g/kg, rather than a single standard 0.8 g/kg diet. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDietary protein positively influences body composition during weight loss and has a small positive effect on resting metabolism.
“In contrast to the near equivalency of dietary carbohydrate and fat, dietary protein is known to positively influence body composition during weight loss55,56 and has a small positive effect on resting metabolism57.”
From Maintenance of Lost Weight and Long-Term Management of Obesity (2018) · cites this paper as [55]
Higher protein targets, such as 1.2-1.6 g/kg/day, have been proposed during active weight reduction.
“Higher targets, such as 1.2–1.6 g/kg/day, have also been proposed during active weight reduction [162, 163].”
Many have contended that higher protein intakes are warranted during weight management, with preservation of fat-free mass and skeletal muscle being a commonly cited reason for this recommendation.
“While the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 g·kg−1·day−1, expressed relative to BM, many have contended that higher protein intakes are warranted during weight management, with preservation of FFM and skeletal muscle being a commonly cited reason for this recommendation.24–27”
From Preservation of lean soft tissue during weight loss induced by GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists: A case series (2025) · cites this paper as [27]
Intakes of 1.1 to 1.6 g/kg preserved FFM during weight loss better than 0.6 to 0.9 g/kg in individuals with overweight and obesity.
“Other research found that intakes of 1.1 to 1.6 g/kg preserved FFM during weight loss better than 0.6 to 0.9 g/kg in individuals with overweight and obesity [58, 59].”
From Fundamental Body Composition Principles Provide Context for Fat-Free and Skeletal Muscle Loss With GLP-1 RA Treatments (2024) · cites this paper as [59]
Higher protein intakes have additional potential benefits for appetite regulation, improving body composition, and influencing other health components.
“higher protein intakes have additional potential benefits for appetite regulation, improving body composition, and influencing other health components [59]”
From Fundamental Body Composition Principles Provide Context for Fat-Free and Skeletal Muscle Loss With GLP-1 RA Treatments (2024) · cites this paper as [59]
According to the American College of Sports Medicine, people with obesity undergoing weight loss treatment should consume approximately 1.25-1.5 times the Recommended Dietary Allowance for daily protein intake (for athletes >1.5), with at least ∼25-30 g of protein per meal to limit muscle mass loss.
“According to the American College of Sports Medicine, people with obesity undergoing WL treatment should consume approximately 1.25–1.5 times the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for daily protein intake (for athletes > 1.5), with at least ∼25–30 g of protein per meal [83,84] to limit muscle mass loss.”
From Nutrition and Physical Activity in Optimizing Weight Loss and Lean Mass Preservation in the Incretin-Based Medications Era: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [83]
Increasing daily protein intake to 1.2-1.6 g/kg of body weight was associated with spontaneous reductions in energy intake under ad libitum conditions.
“In several studies, increasing daily protein intake to 1.2–1.6 g/kg of body weight was associated with spontaneous reductions in energy intake under ad libitum conditions [76,77,79].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [76]
Higher protein intake was associated with reduced hunger and greater satiety.
“In studies evaluating dietary composition, higher protein intake was associated with reduced hunger and greater satiety.”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [76]
These effects coincided with changes in GLP-1, PYY, and ghrelin concentrations as well as increased thermogenesis.
“These effects coincided with changes in GLP-1, PYY, and ghrelin concentrations as well as increased thermogenesis [76,77].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [76]
Higher protein intake, ranging from 1.2 to 1.6 g per kilogram of body weight, has been repeatedly associated with reduced hunger, greater postprandial satiety, and spontaneous reduction in energy intake under ad libitum feeding conditions.
“Higher protein intake, ranging from 1.2 to 1.6 g per kilogram of body weight, has been repeatedly associated with reduced hunger, greater postprandial satiety, and spontaneous reduction in energy intake under ad libitum feeding conditions [76,77].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [76]
Higher protein targets, such as 1.2-1.6 g/kg/d, have been proposed during active weight reduction.
“Higher targets, such as 1.2–1.6 g/kg/d, have also been proposed during active weight reduction [162,163].”
Short-term trials showed that high-protein diets led to more weight loss, more fat mass loss, and better lean mass preservation than normal-protein diets.
“In short-term trials, consumption of high-protein diets have been shown to produce greater weight loss, loss of fat mass, and preservation of lean mass compared with the consumption of normal-protein diets.5,6”
From Association of Animal and Plant Protein Intake With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Japanese Cohort (2019) · cites this paper as [6]
Low-energy-dense foods such as vegetables and fruits are associated with greater satiety, and some evidence suggests that higher intakes of fiber and protein promote satiety.
“Low-energy-dense foods such as vegetables and fruits are associated with greater satiety, and some evidence suggests that higher intakes of fiber and protein promote satiety.62,63”
From Popular dietary patterns: alignment with American Heart Association 2021 dietary guidance: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. (2023) · cites this paper as [63]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels suggests a role in meal initiation in humans
Cummings, D. E., Purnell, J. Q., Frayo, R. S., Schmidova, K., Wisse, B. E., & Weigle, D. S. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.8.1714 · Cited by 2,940 · see citing works
Ghrelin enhances appetite and increases food intake in humans
Wren, A. M., Seal, L. J., Cohen, M. A., Brynes, A. E., Frost, G. S., Murphy, K. G., Dhillo, W. S., Ghatei, M. A., & Bloom, S. R. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.12.8111 · Cited by 2,494 · see citing works
Comparison of Weight-Loss Diets with Different Compositions of Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrates
Sacks, F. M., Bray, G. A., Carey, V. J., Smith, S. R., Ryan, D. H., Anton, S. D., McManus, K., Champagne, C. M., Bishop, L. M., Laranjo, N., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0804748 · Cited by 1,966 · cited 2× · see citing works
“One factor that is strongly associated with weight loss and prevention of weight regain is attendance to dietary counseling sessions (5).”
BackgroundDansinger, M. L., Gleason, J. A., Griffith, J. L., Selker, H. P., & Schaefer, E. J. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.293.1.43 · Cited by 1,726 · see citing works
Appetite control: methodological aspects of the evaluation of foods
Blundell, J. E., de Graaf, C., Hulshof, T. G., Jebb, S. A., Livingstone, B., Lluch, A., Mela, D. J., Salah, S., Schuring, E. A. H., van der Knaap, H. C. M., et al. (2010) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2010.00714.x · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works
Self-citationMoore, D. R., Robinson, M. J., Fry, J. L., Tang, J. E., Glover, E. I., Wilkinson, S. B., Prior, T., Tarnopolsky, M. A., & Phillips, S. M. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26401 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index for weight-loss maintenance
Larsen, T. M., Dalskov, S.-M., van Baak, M., Jebb, S. A., Papadaki, A., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Martinez, J. A., Handjieva-Darlenska, T., Kunešová, M., Pihlsgård, M., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1007137 · Cited by 843 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Effects of High Protein Diets on Thermogenesis, Satiety and Weight Loss: A Critical Review
Halton, T. L., & Hu, F. B. (2004) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2004.10719381 · Cited by 822 · see citing works
Bueno, N. B., de Melo, I. S. V., de Oliveira, S. L., & da Rocha Ataide, T. (2013) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114513000548 · Cited by 778 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…1.65, 2 0.17 kg; P = 0.02] and improvements in fasting triglycerides (WMD: 2 0.18 mmol/L; 95% CI: 2 0.27, 2 0.08 mmol/L; P , 0.001), HDL cholesterol (WMD: +0.09; 95% CI: +0.06, +0.12 mmol/L; P , 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: 2 1.43 mm Hg; 95% CI: 2 2.49, 2 0.37 mm Hg; P = 0.008) (73).”
BackgroundInfluentialWeigle, D. S., Breen, P. A., Matthys, C. C., Callahan, H. S., Meeuws, K. E., Burden, V. R., & Purnell, J. Q. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn.82.1.41 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Weigle, D. S., Breen, P. A., Matthys, C. C., Callahan, H. S., Meeuws, K. E., Burden, V. R., & Purnell, J. Q. (2005) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.1.41 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Skov, A., Toubro, S., Rønn, B., Holm, L., & Astrup, A. (1999) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800867 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
Self-citationHall, W. L., Millward, D. J., Long, S. J., & Morgan, L. (2003) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn2002760 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
Critical role for peptide YY in protein-mediated satiation and body-weight regulation
Batterham, R. L., Heffron, H., Kapoor, S., Chivers, J. E., Chandarana, K., Herzog, H., le Roux, C. W., Thomas, E. L., Bell, J. D., & Withers, D. J. (2006) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.08.001 · Cited by 625 · see citing works
Wycherley, T. P., Moran, L. J., Clifton, P. M., Noakes, M., & Brinkworth, G. D. (2012) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.044321 · Cited by 606 · see citing works
Self-citationVerdich, C., Flint, A., Gutzwiller, J., Näslund, E. B., Beglinger, C., Hellström, P. M., Long, S. J., Morgan, L., Holst, J. J., & Astrup, A. V. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.9.7877 · Cited by 600 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance
Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., Nieuwenhuizen, A., Tomé, D., Soenen, S., & Westerterp, K. R. (2009) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-080508-141056 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Self-citationBiomarkers of satiation and satiety
de Graaf, C., Blom, W. A. M., Smeets, P. A. M., Stafleu, A., & Hendriks, H. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.6.946 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
A satiety index of common foods.
Holt, S., Miller, J. C., Petocz, P., & Farmakalidis, E. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Dietary protein: its role in satiety, energetics, weight loss and health.
Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., Lemmens, S. G., & Westerterp, K. R. (2012) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114512002589 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Self-citationVerdich, C. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.86.9.4382 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
The Gut Hormone Peptide YY Regulates Appetite
Batterham, R. L., & Bloom, S. R. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03176.x · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Layman, D. K., Evans, E., Baum, J. I., Seyler, J., Erickson, D. J., & Boileau, R. A. (2005) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/135.8.1903 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Effects of food form on appetite and energy intake in lean and obese young adults
Mourão, D. M., Bressan, J., Campbell, W. W., & Mattes, R. D. (2007) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803667 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Self-citationParker, B. A., Sturm, K., MacIntosh, C. G., Feinle, C., Horowitz, M., & Chapman, I. M. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601768 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Das, S. K., Gilhooly, C. H., Golden, J. K., Pittas, A. G., Fuss, P. J., Cheatham, R. A., Tyler, S., Tsay, M., McCrory, M. A., Lichtenstein, A. H., et al. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.4.1023 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Bowen, J., Noakes, M., Trenerry, C., & Clifton, P. M. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1856 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Self-citationFoster‐Schubert, K. E., Overduin, J., Prudom, C. E., Liu, J., Callahan, H. S., Gaylinn, B. D., Thorner, M. O., & Cummings, D. E. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2289 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Eisenstein, J., Roberts, S. B., Dallal, G. E., & Saltzman, E. J. (2002) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1301/00296640260184264 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Santesso, N., Akl, E. A., Bianchi, M., Mente, A., Mustafa, R., Heels-Ansdell, D., & Schünemann, H. J. (2012) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.37 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Bowen, J., Noakes, M., & Clifton, P. M. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0609 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citationHigher Protein Intake Preserves Lean Mass and Satiety with Weight Loss in Pre‐obese and Obese Women
Leidy, H. J., Carnell, N. S., Mattes, R. D., & Campbell, W. W. (2007) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.531 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Self-citationUrine Nitrogen as a Biomarker for the Validation of Dietary Protein Intake
Bingham, S. A. (2003) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/133.3.921s · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Dose-dependent satiating effect of whey relative to casein or soy
Veldhorst, M. A. B., Nieuwenhuizen, A. G., Hochstenbach-Waelen, A., van Vught, A. J. A. H., Westerterp, K. R., Engelen, M. P. K. J., Brummer, R.-J. M., Deutz, N. E. P., & Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S. (2009) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.01.004 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Self-citationTesting Protein Leverage in Lean Humans: A Randomised Controlled Experimental Study
Gosby, A. K., Conigrave, A. D., Lau, N. S., Iglesias, M. A., Hall, R. M., Jebb, S. A., Brand-Miller, J. C., Caterson, I. D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025929 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Appetite sensations and satiety quotient: Predictors of energy intake and weight loss
Drapeau, V., King, N., Hetherington, M., Doucet, E., Blundell, J., & Tremblay, A. (2007) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2006.08.002 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Effect of a high-protein breakfast on the postprandial ghrelin response
Blom, W. A. M., Lluch, A., Stafleu, A., Vinoy, S., Holst, J. J., Schaafsma, G., & Hendriks, H. (2006) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.2.211 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Latner, J. D., & Schwartz, M. B. (1999) · Appetite · doi:10.1006/appe.1999.0237 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Beverage consumption, appetite, and energy intake: what did you expect?
Cassady, B., Considine, R., & Mattes, R. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.025437 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationLayman, D. K., Evans, E. M., Erickson, D. J., Seyler, J., Weber, J., Bagshaw, D., Griel, A. E., Psota, T., & Kris‐Etherton, P. M. (2009) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.108.099440 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Larsen, T. M., Dalskov, S., van Baak, M. A., Jebb, S. A., Kafatos, A., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Martínez, J. A., Handjieva‐Darlenska, T., Kunešová, M., Holst, J. J., et al. (2009) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00603.x · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationBarkeling, B., Rössner, S., & Björvell, H. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Dietary protein and muscle in older persons
Paddon-Jones, D., & Leidy, H. (2014) · Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000011 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citationLarsen, R. N., Mann, N. J., Maclean, E., & Shaw, J. E. (2011) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-010-2027-y · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Protein leverage and energy intake
Gosby, A. K., Conigrave, A. D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2014) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12131 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Breakfasts high in protein, fat or carbohydrate: effect on within-day appetite and energy balance.
Stubbs, R. J., van Wyk, M. C., Johnstone, A. M., & Harbron, C. G. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Brennan, I. M., Luscombe‐Marsh, N. D., Seimon, R. V., Otto, B., Horowitz, M., Wishart, J. M., & Feinle‐Bisset, C. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00478.2011 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Self-citationLeidy, H. J., Ortinau, L. C., Douglas, S. M., & Hoertel, H. A. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.053116 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationSchwingshackl, L., & Hoffmann, G. (2013) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-48 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Harrold, J. A., Dovey, T. M., Blundell, J. E., & Halford, J. C. G. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.007 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
High protein intake stimulates postprandial GLP1 and PYY release
van der Klaauw, A. A., Keogh, J. M., Henning, E., Trowse, V. M., Dhillo, W. S., Ghatei, M. A., & Farooqi, I. S. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20154 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Long-term effects of a high-protein weight-loss diet
Clifton, P. M., Keogh, J. B., & Noakes, M. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.1.23 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citationContribution of gastroenteropancreatic appetite hormones to protein-induced satiety
Belza, A., Ritz, C., Sørensen, M. Q., Holst, J. J., Rehfeld, J. F., & Astrup, A. V. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.047563 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of the gut/brain axis in modulating food intake
Sam, A. H., Troke, R., Tan, T., & Bewick, G. A. (2011) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.10.008 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Dong, J.-Y., Zhang, Z.-L., Wang, P.-Y., & Qin, L.-Q. (2013) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114513002055 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Clifton, P. M., Condo, D., & Keogh, J. B. (2013) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2013.11.006 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationLong-term effects of popular dietary approaches on weight loss and features of insulin resistance
McAuley, K. A., Smith, K. J., Taylor, R. W., McLay-Cooke, R. T., Williams, S., & Mann, J. I. (2005) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803075 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Smeets, A. J. P. G., Soenen, S., Luscombe‐Marsh, N. D., Ueland, Ø., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2008) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/138.4.698 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary Guidelines should reflect new understandings about adult protein needs
Layman, D. K. (2009) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-6-12 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Karhunen, L. J., Juvonen, K. R., Flander, S. M., Liukkonen, K. H., Lähteenmäki, L., Siloaho, M., Laaksonen, D. E., Herzig, K., Uusitupa, M. I. J., & Poutanen, K. S. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.115436 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Soenen, S., Martens, E. A. P., Hochstenbach‐Waelen, A., Lemmens, S. G. T., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2013) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.112.167593 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citationAppetite sensations as a marker of overall intake
Drapeau, V., Blundell, J., Therrien, F., Lawton, C., Richard, D., & Tremblay, A. (2005) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn20041312 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Subcutaneous administration of ghrelin stimulates energy intake in healthy lean human volunteers
Druce, M. R., Neary, N. M., Small, C. J., Milton, J. E., Monteiro, M. P., Patterson, M., Ghatei, M. A., & Bloom, S. R. (2005) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803158 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Leidy, H. J., & Racki, E. M. (2010) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.3 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationSoenen, S., Bonomi, A. G., Lemmens, S. G. T., Scholte, J., Thijssen, M. A. M. A., van Berkum, F., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2012) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.08.004 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationProtein leverage affects energy intake of high-protein diets in humans
Martens, E. A. P., Lemmens, S. G. T., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.046540 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationVeldhorst, M. A. B., Nieuwenhuizen, A. G., Hochstenbach‐Waelen, A., Westerterp, K. R., ENGELEN, M. P. K. J., Brummer, R. J., Deutz, N. E. P., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2008) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114508003061 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationLeidy, H. J., Apolzan, J. W., Mattes, R. D., & Campbell, W. W. (2009) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2009.217 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationLeidy, H. J., Armstrong, C. L. H., Tang, M., Mattes, R. D., & Campbell, W. W. (2010) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2010.45 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationVeldhorst, M. A. B., Nieuwenhuizen, A. G., Hochstenbach-Waelen, A., Westerterp, K. R., Engelen, M. P. K. J., Brummer, R.-J. M., Deutz, N. E. P., & Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S. (2009) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.11.014 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationPotential benefits of satiety to the consumer: scientific considerations
Hetherington, M. M., Cunningham, K., Dye, L., Gibson, E. L., Gregersen, N. T., Halford, J. C. G., Lawton, C. L., Lluch, A., Mela, D. J., & van Trijp, J. C. M. (2013) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422413000012 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Churchward-Venne, T. A., Murphy, C. H., Longland, T. M., & Phillips, S. M. (2013) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-013-1506-0 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Veldhorst, M. A. B., Nieuwenhuizen, A. G., Hochstenbach‐Waelen, A., Westerterp, K. R., ENGELEN, M. P. K. J., Brummer, R. J., Deutz, N. E. P., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2009) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-008-0767-y · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationAwar, R. A., Obeid, O., Hwalla, N. C., & Azar, S. T. (2005) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20050072 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Leidy, H. J., Bossingham, M. J., Mattes, R. D., & Campbell, W. W. (2008) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114508051532 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of Acute and Chronic Protein Intake on Metabolism, Appetite, and Ghrelin During Weight Loss
Leidy, H. J., Mattes, R. D., & Campbell, W. W. (2007) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.143 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationPeripheral signalling involved in energy homeostasis control
Lancha, A., Frühbeck, G., & Gómez‐Ambrosi, J. (2012) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422412000145 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Measures of postprandial wellness after single intake of two protein–carbohydrate meals
Boelsma, E., Brink, E. J., Stafleu, A., & Hendriks, H. (2010) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2009.12.014 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Effects of a high protein diet on body weight and comorbidities associated with obesity
Clifton, P. M. (2012) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114512002322 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of protein quality on appetite and energy metabolism in normal weight subjects
Alfenas, R. D. C. G., Bressan, J., & de Paiva, A. C. (2010) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia · doi:10.1590/s0004-27302010000100008 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Protein leverage effects of beef protein on energy intake in humans
Martens, E. A. P., Tan, S., Dunlop, M. V., Mattes, R. D., & Westerterp‐Plantenga, M. S. (2014) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.078774 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationDamsgaard, C. T., Papadaki, A., Jensen, S. M., Ritz, C., Dalskov, S., Hlavatý, P., Saris, W. H. M., Martínez, J. A., Handjieva‐Darlenska, T., Andersen, M. R., et al. (2013) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.112.173427 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationVozzo, R., Wittert, G., Cocchiaro, C., Tan, W. C., Mudge, J., Fraser, R., & Chapman, I. M. (2003) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/s0195-6663(03)00003-5 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The role of high-protein diets in body weight management and health
Morenga, L. T., & Mann, J. I. (2012) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114512002437 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Comparison of 2 weight-loss diets of different protein content on bone health: a randomized trial
Jesudason, D. R., Nordin, B. C., Keogh, J. B., & Clifton, P. M. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.058586 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationWycherley, T. P., Buckley, J. D., Noakes, M., Clifton, P. M., & Brinkworth, G. D. (2012) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-012-0338-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationStubbs, R. J., O’Reilly, L., Johnstone, A. M., et al. (1999) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600672 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Makris, A., Borradaile, K. E., Oliver, T. L., Cassim, N. G., Rosenbaum, D. L., Boden, G. H., Homko, C. J., & Foster, G. D. (2011) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2011.145 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Dietary protein in weight management: a review proposing protein spread and change theories
Bosse, J. D., & Dixon, B. M. (2012) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-81 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Leidy, H. J., Bales-Voelker, L. I., & Harris, C. T. (2011) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114511000122 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationWeight-Loss Maintenance — Mind over Matter?
Ludwig, D. S., & Ebbeling, C. B. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejme1011361 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Khoury, D. T. D. E., Rassi, R. E., Azar, S. T., & Hwalla, N. C. (2010) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-010-0108-9 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Ravn, A.-M., Gregersen, N. T., Christensen, R., Rasmussen, L. G., Hels, O. H., Belza, A., Raben, A., Larsen, T. M., Toubro, S., & Astrup, A. V. (2013) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.3402/fnr.v57i0.19676 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationMcConnon, Á., Horgan, G. W., Lawton, C. L., Stubbs, R. J., Shepherd, R., Astrup, A. V., Handjieva‐Darlenska, T., Kunešová, M., Larsen, T. M., Lindroos, A. K., et al. (2013) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.99 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationMeasuring satiety with pictures compared to visual analogue scales. An exploratory study
Sadoul, B. C., Schuring, E. A. H., Symersky, T., Mela, D. J., Masclee, A., & Peters, H. P. F. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.10.016 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Rains, T. M., Maki, K. C., Fulgoni, V. L., et al. (2013) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.349.7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Obesity and cancer risk: Emerging biological mechanisms and perspectives
Avgerinos, K. I., Spyrou, N., Mantzoros, C. S., & Dalamaga, M. (2019) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2018.11.001 · Cited by 1,567 · see citing works
Maintenance of Lost Weight and Long-Term Management of Obesity
Hall, K. D., & Kahan, S. (2018) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2017.08.012 · Cited by 876 · see citing works
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: connections in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatments
Ruze, R., Liu, T., Zou, X., Song, J., Chen, Y., Xu, R., Yin, X., & Xu, Q. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1161521 · Cited by 799 · see citing works
“preventing cancer in rodents and humans (157, 158).”
BackgroundDietary protein intake and human health
Wu, G. (2016) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/c5fo01530h · Cited by 748 · see citing works
Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss
Cava, E., Yeat, N. C., & Mittendorfer, B. (2017) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.116.014506 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Protein "requirements" beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health
Phillips, S. M., Chevalier, S., & Leidy, H. J. (2016) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2015-0550 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Self-citationNaghshi, S., Sadeghi, O., Willett, W. C., & Esmaillzadeh, A. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m2412 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition
Hall, K. D., & Guo, J. (2017) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.052 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition
Aragon, A. A., Schoenfeld, B. J., Wildman, R., Kleiner, S., VanDusseldorp, T., Taylor, L., Earnest, C. P., Arciero, P. J., Wilborn, C., Kalman, D. S., et al. (2017) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0174-y · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Plant Protein and Animal Proteins: Do They Differentially Affect Cardiovascular Disease Risk?
Richter, C. K., Skulas-Ray, A. C., Champagne, C. M., & Kris-Etherton, P. M. (2015) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.115.009654 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Association Between Plant and Animal Protein Intake and Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality
Huang, J., Liao, L. M., Weinstein, S. J., Sinha, R., Graubard, B. I., & Albanes, D. (2020) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2790 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Nutritional interventions to augment resistance training-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy
Morton, R. W., McGlory, C., & Phillips, S. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00245 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Hall, K. D., Guo, J., Courville, A. B., Boring, J., Brychta, R., Chen, K. Y., Darcey, V., Forde, C. G., Gharib, A. M., Gallagher, I., et al. (2021) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-01209-1 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Exercise and nutrition strategies to counteract sarcopenic obesity
Trouwborst, I., Verreijen, A., Memelink, R., Massanet, P., Boirie, Y., Weijs, P., & Tieland, M. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10050605 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Budhathoki, S., Sawada, N., Iwasaki, M., Yamaji, T., Goto, A., Kotemori, A., Ishihara, J., Takachi, R., Charvat, H., Mizoue, T., et al. (2019) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2806 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Gut microbiota, diet, and obesity-related disorders: the good, the bad, and the future challenges
Portune, K. J., Benítez‐Páez, A., Del Pulgar, E. M. G., Cerrudo, V., & Sanz, Y. (2017) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201600252 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Commonly consumed protein foods contribute to nutrient intake, diet quality, and nutrient adequacy
Phillips, S. M., Fulgoni, V. L., Heaney, R. P., Nicklas, T. A., Slavin, J. L., & Weaver, C. M. (2015) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.084079 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Gibson, A., & Sainsbury, A. (2017) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs7030044 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Gardner, C. D., Vadiveloo, M. K., Petersen, K. S., Anderson, C. A. M., Springfield, S., Van Horn, L., Khera, A., Lamendola, C., Mayo, S. M., Joseph, J. J., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001146 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Successful weight loss maintenance: A systematic review of weight control registries
Paixão, C., Dias, C. M., Jorge, R., Carraça, E. V., Yannakoulia, M., de Zwaan, M., Soini, S., Hill, J. O., Teixeira, P. J., & Santos, I. (2020) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13003 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Weight loss strategies and the risk of skeletal muscle mass loss
McCarthy, D., & Berg, A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072473 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions in Dietary Protein Requirements and Supplements in Adults
Phillips, S. M. (2017) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2017.00013 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Mozaffarian, D., Agarwal, M., Aggarwal, M., Alexander, L., Apovian, C. M., Bindlish, S., Bonnet, J., Butsch, W. S., Christensen, S., Gianos, E., et al. (2025) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.04.023 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
“Further studies are warranted to elucidate the effects of GLP-1s on brain reward circuits and psychological dimensions of appetite and eating.”
Melby, C., Paris, H., Foright, R., & Peth, J. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9050468 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Mozaffarian, D., Agarwal, M., Aggarwal, M., Alexander, L., Apovian, C. M., Bindlish, S., Bonnet, J., Butsch, W. S., Christensen, S., Gianos, E., et al. (2025) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.24336 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Blachier, F., Beaumont, M., Portune, K. J., Steuer, N., Lan, A., Audebert, M., Khodorova, N., Andriamihaja, M., Airinei, G., Benamouzig, R., et al. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2018.09.016 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Ard, J. D., Lewis, K. H., Rothberg, A., Auriemma, A., Coburn, S. L., Cohen, S. S., Loper, J., Matarese, L., Pories, W. J., & Periman, S. (2019) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22303 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Smith, G. I., Yoshino, J., Kelly, S. C., Reeds, D. N., Okunade, A., Patterson, B. W., Klein, S., & Mittendorfer, B. (2016) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.047 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Low protein diets produce divergent effects on energy balance
Pezeshki, A., Zapata, R. C., Singh, A., Yee, N. J., & Chelikani, P. K. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep25145 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Campos-Nonato, I., Hernandez, L., & Barquera, S. (2017) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000471485 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Obesity Alters the Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Nutrition and Exercise
Beals, J. W., Burd, N. A., Moore, D. R., & van Vliet, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00087 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Tinsley, G. M., & Heymsfield, S. B. (2024) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvae164 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“In addition to FFM and skeletal muscle preservation, higher protein intakes have additional potential benefits for appetite regulation, improving body composition, and influencing other health components [59], which could play a supportive role in GLP-1RA – induced weight loss.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialJohnson, B., Milstead, M., Thomas, O., McGlasson, T., Green, L., Kreider, R., & Jones, R. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1566498 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The Effects of Different Quantities and Qualities of Protein Intake in People with Diabetes Mellitus
Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Pedersen, E., Schwab, U., Risérus, U., Aas, A.-M., Uusitupa, M., Thanopoulou, A., Kendall, C., Sievenpiper, J. L., Kahleová, H., et al. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12020365 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Gosby, A. K., Lau, N. S., Tam, C. S., Iglesias, M. A., Morrison, C. D., Caterson, I. D., Brand-Miller, J., Conigrave, A. D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161003 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Alternative dietary protein sources to support healthy and active skeletal muscle aging
van der Heijden, I., Monteyne, A. J., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2023) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac049 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Protein- and Calcium-Mediated GLP-1 Secretion: A Narrative Review
Watkins, J. D., Koumanov, F., & Gonzalez, J. T. (2021) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmab078 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ullah, M. I., & Tamanna, S. (2025) · Medicines · doi:10.3390/medicines12030019 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“Higher-protein diets ( ≥ 25 percent of energy) enhance fullness, preserve lean mass, and boost resting energy expenditure versus standard protein levels [97].”
de Carvalho, K. M. B., Pizato, N., Botelho, P. B., Dutra, E. S., & Gonçalves, V. S. S. (2020) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02321-1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Dietary protein content for an optimal diet: a clinical view
Santarpia, L., Contaldo, F., & Pasanisi, F. (2017) · Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12176 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Metabolic Adaptations to Weight Loss: A Brief Review
Martínez-Gómez, M. G., & Roberts, B. M. (2022) · Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003991 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Grosicki, G. J., Dhurandhar, N. V., Unick, J. L., Arent, S. M., Thomas, J. G., Lofton, H., Shepherd, M. C., Kiel, J., Coleman, C., & Jonnalagadda, S. S. (2024) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104486 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Braden, M. L., Gwin, J. A., & Leidy, H. J. (2023) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.04.001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationLifestyle Medicine for Obesity in the Era of Highly Effective Anti-Obesity Treatment
Sannidhi, D., Abeles, R., Andrew, W., Bonnet, J. P., Vitale, K., Niranjan, V., Gulati, M., Pauly, K., Moran, R., Alexander, L., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17142382 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“- Elderly individuals, those undergoing weight loss, and those who are engaging in an intensive strength training regime may benefit from 1.2 g–1.6 g/kg of adjusted or ideal body weight [136,141,158].”
InfluentialTomé, D., Chaumontet, C., Even, P. C., Darcel, N., & Azzout-Marniche, D. (2019) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.03.012 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Dash, S. (2024) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15829 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Ispoglou, T., Deighton, K., King, R. F., White, H., & Lees, M. (2017) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-017-0298-6 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review
Żurawski, T., & Bartosiewicz, A. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18010012 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Tinsley, G. M., & Nadolsky, S. (2025) · SAGE Open Medical Case Reports · doi:10.1177/2050313x251388724 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“27 However, there are limitations to considering protein intakes relative to BM in the context of obesity and substantial weight loss, and expressing intakes relative to FFM may be preferable in this context.”
Barana, L., De Fano, M., Cavallo, M., Manco, M., Prete, D., Fanelli, C. G., Porcellati, F., & Pippi, R. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18010131 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leidy, H. J., Clifton, P. M., Astrup, A., Wycherley, T. P., Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., Luscombe-Marsh, N. D., Woods, S. C., & Mattes, R. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Leidy, Heather J
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1320S-1329S
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2121331954
- Semantic Scholar
- 1aaed2817d16bc4414dfa2d19003995b9982e5be
- Cited by
- 475
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 14
- FWCI
- 23.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UniSA Research Outputs Repository (University of South Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Beef Checkoff, Dairy Research Institute
- Egg Nutrition Center
- Global Dairy Platform, Hillshire Brands
- National Pork Board
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- high-protein diet, weight loss, weight maintenance, obesity, caloric restriction, satiety, appetite, lean mass preservation, fat loss, cardiometabolic risk factors, dietary adherence, energy metabolism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
