Portable biosensor for monitoring cortisol in low-volume perspired human sweat
Open accessAbstract
A non-faradaic label-free cortisol biosensor was demonstrated using MoS 2 nanosheets integrated into a nanoporous flexible electrode system. Low volume (1–5 μL) sensing was achieved through use of a novel sensor stack design comprised of vertically aligned metal electrodes confining semi-conductive MoS 2 nanosheets. The MoS 2 nanosheets were surface functionalized with cortisol antibodies towards developing an affinity biosensor specific to the physiological relevant range of cortisol (8.16 to 141.7 ng/mL) in perspired human sweat. Sensing was achieved by measuring impedance changes associated with cortisol binding along the MoS 2 nanosheet interface using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The sensor demonstrated a dynamic range from 1–500 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 1 ng/mL. A specificity study was conducted using a metabolite expressed in human sweat, Ethyl Glucuronide. Continuous dosing studies were performed during which the sensor was able to discriminate between four cortisol concentration ranges (0.5, 5, 50, 500 ng/mL) for a 3+ hour duration. Translatability of the sensor was shown with a portable form factor device, demonstrating a comparable dynamic range and limit of detection for the sensor. The device demonstrated a R 2 correlation value of 0.998 when comparing measurements to the reported impedance values of the benchtop instrumentation.
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Sweat pads/patches developed at academic institutions have potential applications for measuring heat stress, dehydration and metabolism in athletes, soldiers, firefighters, and industrial laborers who exercise or work in hot environments.
“These devices have potential applications for measuring heat stress, dehydration and metabolism in athletes, soldiers, firefighters, and industrial laborers who exercise or work in hot environments.”
From A Critical Review of Consumer Wearables, Mobile Applications, and Equipment for Providing Biofeedback, Monitoring Stress, and Sleep in Physically Active Populations (2018) · cites this paper as Kinnamon et al., 2017
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- Authors
- Kinnamon, D., Ghanta, R., Lin, K.-C., Muthukumar, S., & Prasad, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Prasad, Shalini
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-10-17
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13312-13312
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5645384
- OpenAlex
- W2762722043
- Cited by
- 231
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14
- FWCI
- 7.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Keywords
- sweat analysis, MoS2 nanosheets, label-free biosensor, flexible electrodes, impedance spectroscopy, portable sensors, ethyl glucuronide, continuous dosing
- MeSH terms
- Disulfides, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Molybdenum, Sweat, Biosensing Techniques, Nanostructures, Electrochemical Techniques
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