Predicting death from tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in 80-year-old people
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SUMMARY: Ageing is associated with low-grade inflammation and markers such as IL-6 possess prognostic value. Tumour necrosis-alpha (TNF-α) initiates the inflammatory cascade and has been linked to several age-associated disorders. It remains, however, unknown if TNF-α is associated with mortality in old populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate if serum levels of TNF-α were associated with all-cause mortality independently of interleukin (IL)-6 in a prospective study of 333 relatively healthy 80-year-old people. A Cox regression model was used to explore effects of TNF-α and IL-6 on survival in the following 6 years. A total of 133 participants died during this follow-up period. TNF-α was associated with mortality in men, but not in women, whereas low-grade elevations in IL-6 were associated strongly with mortality in both sexes. TNF-α explained only 7% of the variability in IL-6 and effects of the two cytokines were independent of each other as well as of other traditional risk factors for death [smoking, blood pressure, physical exercise, total cholesterol, co-morbidity, body mass index (BMI) and intake of anti-inflammatory drugs]. These findings indicate that at least in old populations chronic elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-6 have different biological functions that trigger age-associated pathology and cause mortality.
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Sleep plays an important role for immune defense.
“Together with other experiments from recent times, these findings suggest an important role of sleep for immune defense (47, 79).”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
Higher inflammatory activity, measured by plasma or serum interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP), has also been associated with shorter survival.
“In addition, higher inflammatory activity, measured by plasma or serum interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP), has also been associated with shorter survival (Baune et al. 2011; Bruunsgaard et al. 2003; Giovannini et al. 2011).”
From Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime “dose” of exercise? (2016) · cites this paper as Bruunsgaard et al. 2003
Cross-sectional studies demonstrate an association between physical inactivity and low-grade systemic inflammation in healthy subjects, elderly people, and patients with intermittent claudication.
“Cross-sectional studies demonstrate an association between physical inactivity and low-grade systemic inflammation in healthy subjects [71–75], in elderly people [76, 77], and in patients with intermittent claudication [78].”
From Exercise as a Mean to Control Low‐Grade Systemic Inflammation (2008) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- BRUUNSGAARD, H., LADELUND, S., PEDERSEN, A. N., SCHROLL, M., JØRGENSEN, T., & PEDERSEN, B. K.
- Affiliations
- Department of Infectious Diseases, H:S, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen
- Glostrup Hospital (DK)
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Glostrup University Hospital
- Bispebjerg Hospital (DK)
- Venue
- Clinical and Experimental Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-03-24
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 24-31
- ISSN
- 0009-9104 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2249
- PMC
- PMC1808682
- OpenAlex
- W1983973676
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 7.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Clinical & Experimental Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- TNF-α, interleukin-6, all-cause mortality, low-grade inflammation, aging, older adults, serum cytokines, sex differences, prognostic factors, age-related diseases
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Death, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Comorbidity, Survival Rate
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