Cited by 288Muscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and DisordersNutrition and Health in Aging

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Regulation of Muscle Protein by Amino Acids

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Wolfe, Robert R.·2002·The Journal of Nutrition

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Abstract

Amino acid availability is a potent regulator of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). We have performed a series of studies using stable isotope methodology and the arteriovenous balance approach to quantify many aspects of the response of MPS, breakdown, and the balance between synthesis and breakdown to changes in the availability of amino acids. A constant intake of amino acids stimulates MPS in a dose-dependent manner until concentrations are approximately doubled, after which further increases in concentration are ineffective. MPS rises more rapidly after bolus ingestion to a peak rate of MPS higher than during constant intake, but the response is transient. A reduction in amino acid availability below basal levels inhibits MPS. Ingestion of nonessential amino acids is not needed to stimulate MPS. When carbohydrate alone is ingested there is minimal effect on MPS, but there is an interactive effect with amino acid ingestion, meaning the response to amino acids plus glucose is more than the sum of their individual effects. Finally, acute anabolic responses in net MPS correspond quantitatively to differences in 24-h net muscle balances.

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Authors: Wolfe, R. R.
Affiliations: The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
Corresponding author: Wolfe, Robert R.
ORCID: Wolfe, Robert R.
Venue: The Journal of Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-10
Volume: 132
Issue: 10
Pages: 3219S-3224S
ISSN: 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.10.3219s
OpenAlex: W2135532864
Cited by: 288
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 3.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 7441 d)
Locations: Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging (AG-15780, R01AG015780)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords: muscle protein synthesis, amino acid availability, muscle protein degradation, non-essential amino acids, carbohydrate intake, anabolic response
MeSH terms: Amino Acids, Animals, Humans, Kinetics, Leg, Muscle Proteins, Nutritive Value, Radioisotope Dilution Technique, Muscle, Skeletal

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Regulation of Muscle Protein by Amino Acids

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