What, me worry and ruminate about dsm-5 and rdoc? The importance of targeting negative self-referential processing
Open accessAbstract
Rumination, worry, and other forms of negative self-referential processing (NSRP) are familiar to everyone, as reflecting on the self is perhaps our most human characteristic. However, for a substantial subgroup of patients, NSRP arises in response to intense emotionality, worsening the clinical presentation, and diminishing the treatment response. The combination of emotionality and NSRP likely reflects an endophenotype of complicated and treatment refractory patients who fail to achieve a satisfactory treatment response in our trials and our clinics. An important next step is to personalize treatments by deliberately targeting NSRPs within established treatment protocols or in as yet novel treatments. Enriching treatments with mindfulness meditation is one possible avenue for personalized care of patients with this hypothesized endophenotype. © 2013 American Psychological Association.
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Claims the paper makes
19 of 37 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 1 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
RDoC does not directly cover NSRP because it emphasizes more molecular components.
“alternative nosological systems that are showing promise, such as the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC; Insel et al., 2010) initiative at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), also do not directly address NSRP phenomena given their focus on more molecular components (e.g., attention, working memory, learning processes), which are likely constituent mechanisms of NSRP but not specific to it”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Insel et al., 2010 source
The RDoC framework discussion (Am J Psychiatry 167:7, July 2010) identifies neural circuitry as its primary focus and includes working memory as an example, supporting the claim that RDoC examines constituent mechanisms. But the paper does not discuss NSRP or say whether RDoC directly addresses it. It also includes individual, family, and social-context levels, so the claim's characterization of its focus as molecular is too narrow. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Higher rumination before treatment predicts worse acute response in MDD, dysthymia, and panic disorder.
“pretreatment levels of rumination predict an inferior acute treatment response in MDD and dysthymic disorder (e.g., Ciesla & Roberts, 2002; Jones et al., 2008; Schmaling, Dimidjian, Katon, & Sullivan, 2002) as well as panic disorder (Papageorgiou & Wells, 2003; Wells, 1990).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked- cites Ciesla & Roberts, 2002 source
- cites Jones et al., 2008 source
The Results (Rumination Predicting Treatment Outcome) link higher pretreatment rumination to lower odds of remission with cognitive therapy, although the effect varies with initial depression severity. The Methods (Participants) specify that all participants had recurrent major depressive disorder; this study does not establish the prediction for dysthymia. In the citing sentence, separate citations accompany the panic-disorder claim, so that claim is not attributed to Jones et al. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Schmaling et al., 2002 source
- Premisecitation
More residual depression and rumination after acute MDD treatment with CBT or MBCT predict higher relapse risk.
“higher levels of residual depression symptoms and rumination are associated with a greater likelihood of relapse following acute treatment for MDD with CBT (Watkins et al., 2011) and mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT; Michalak, Hölz, & Teismann, 2011).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites Watkins et al., 2011 source
The Abstract links incomplete recovery after acute depression treatment to relapse risk, and the relapse-prevention section says residual symptoms tend to predict relapse. The Abstract also describes rumination as a predictor of later depression, but the paper does not establish that higher rumination predicts relapse specifically after acute CBT. MBCT is attributed to a different citation in the sentence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Michalak et al., 2011 source
- Premisecitation
Worry and rumination, as forms of NSRP, are negatively reinforced when aversive emotions decrease.
“Theorists (e.g., Borkovec et al., 2004; Nolen-Hoeksema, Wisco, & Lyubomirsky, 2008; Watkins, 2008) have argued that NSRP including worry and rumination becomes negatively reinforced by the reduction in aversive emotions.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim2 of 3 sources checked- cites Borkovec et al., 2004
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2008 source
- cites Watkins, 2008 source
The sections on vulnerability to depression and anxiety report that rumination often exacerbates negative mood and that worry can increase anxiety, but they do not address whether reductions in aversive emotions negatively reinforce either form of thought. Searches for negative reinforcement and emotional avoidance found no passage establishing the attributed mechanism. The reported increases in distress do not rule out relief under other conditions. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Purposefully targeting worry and rumination improves how long treatment gains last.
“deliberate efforts to target forms of negative self-referencing (worry and rumination) improve treatment durability (e.g., van Aalderen et al., 2011; Watkins et al., 2011; Wells et al., 2012).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked- cites van Aalderen et al., 2011 source
- cites Watkins et al., 2011 source
The Secondary outcomes section reports less relapse between baseline and post-intervention with rumination-focused CBT than with treatment as usual, supporting the claim for targeting rumination during the study. It does not establish that treatment gains lasted longer after treatment, and this trial did not test targeting worry. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Wells et al., 2012 source
- Interpretationreasoning
Current psychiatric nosology does not categorize well those high-neuroticism individuals who use NSRP for avoidance.
“Despite the clear importance of NSRP and its role in emotional dysfunction, individuals with high levels of neuroticism, who are more apt to utilize NSRP in service of avoidance, are not well categorized in current psychiatric nosology.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
People with high emotional/motivational intensity (neuroticism) are more prone to use NSRP to escape parts of emotional experience.
“Individuals with high emotional/motivational intensity (i.e., “neuroticism”), given their greater likelihood to experience affective states, may be particularly likely to rely on these processes to avoid aspects of emotional experience.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
People higher in neuroticism are probably most vulnerable to harmful NSRP used for emotional avoidance.
“It may be that individuals who are more sensitive to emotional/motivational contexts (i.e., higher in neuroticism) are most likely to be vulnerable to the deleterious usage of NSRP in service of emotional avoidance.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Except for GAD, DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for all disorders omit NSRP.
“With the exception of GAD, a disorder routinely questioned for its significance despite considerable evidence of its negative impact as well as that of its chief symptom, worry (e.g., Wittchen, 2002), NSRP is absent from the diagnostic criteria of all disorders in the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013)”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites APA, 2013
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning
Targeting NSRPs in personalized treatment may help close the efficacy gap between patients with high NSRP and others.
“Such efforts hold promise in narrowing the gap of treatment efficacy that separates patients with considerable NSRP from other patients.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
Treatment-refractory patients may be the subgroup prone to engaging in NSRP.
“One possible inference from these treatment findings coupled with the work of Olatunji et al. (2013) is that these treatment refractory patients reflect the patient subgroup that exhibits a propensity to engage in NSRP.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
NSRP is common because people easily engage discrepancies between their current emotional/motivational state and imagined future, past, or ideal self, given self-consciousness and reinforcement.
“NSRP is common among humans because the contexts of discrepancy between a current emotional/motivational state and a representation of the future (i.e., planning), the past (i.e., failures/losses), or an idealized self (i.e., self-criticism) are easy to engage given a human capacity for higher-level self-consciousness and the reinforcing properties of this type of cognitive activity for achieving”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Borkovec et al., 2004
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Carver, 2004
- Premisecitation
Rumination, worry, and self-criticism can be understood as expressions of a central negative self-referencing process that occurs in contexts of emotional or motivational salience.
“rumination, worry, as well as other cognitive responses to emotions, such as self-criticism, may be considered manifestations of a core process of negative self-referencing in contexts of emotional/motivational salience (i.e., negative self-referential processing [NSRP]; Northoff, 2007).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Northoff, 2007 source
- Interpretationreasoning
Emotionality plus NSRPs probably marks an endophenotype of complex, treatment-refractory patients who do not respond adequately.
“In all likelihood, this combination of emotionality and NSRPs reflects one of the endophenotypes of complicated and treatment refractory patients who fail to achieve a satisfactory treatment response in our trials and in our clinics.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
- May combine two claims. 13
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 4
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationRelative to healthy controls, GAD patients have stronger resting-state connectivity among the amygdala, vmPFC, and dlPFC, and this coupling increases with anxiety severity.
“Etkin, Prater, Schatzberg, Menon, and Greicius (2009) found that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients, as compared to healthy control participants, evidenced stronger resting state connectivity between the amygdala, the ventromedial PFC, and the dorsolateral PFC, and this connectivity was stronger as a function of anxiety severity.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Etkin et al., 2009 source
The Comment section reports increased amygdala connectivity with both the ventromedial and dorsolateral PFC in GAD patients. But the Results section reports that amygdala–DLPFC connectivity was negatively correlated with all anxiety measures: it was strongest in the least anxious patients, contrary to the claimed increase with anxiety severity. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationNSRP occurs in high-functioning individuals ('worried well') and across many disorders ('transdiagnostically').
“Even in its dysfunctional forms, NSRP is seen in people with relatively high functioning (i.e., “the worried well”) as well as in many disorders (i.e., “transdiagnostically”).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites Kertz et al., 2012 source
- cites Watkins, 2009 source
The Discussion (page unavailable) supports a transdiagnostic role for rumination: it reports associations with anxiety and depression, and links brooding to co-morbid OCD and GAD. The Introduction mentions studies using non-clinical samples, but the paper does not establish that dysfunctional rumination occurs in relatively high-functioning people or the “worried well.” Its findings concern rumination rather than NSRP as a whole. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationIn mostly normative people, mindfulness meditation training lowers DMN-related neural recruitment, reduces mind wandering, and improves working memory.
“Among largely normative individuals, training in mindfulness meditation has been shown to reduce recruitment of neural regions associated with the DMN (e.g., Brewer et al., 2011; Farb et al., 2007) and reduce mind wandering while improving working memory capacity (e.g., Mrazek, Franklin, Phillips, Baird, & Schooler, 2013).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim2 of 3 sources checked- cites Brewer et al., 2011 source
The Results (page not provided) report less activation in DMN regions during meditation in experienced meditators than in matched controls. But this was a comparison of groups, not a training experiment; the Discussion says prospective studies are needed to demonstrate the effect experimentally. The sentence cites Mrazek et al., rather than Brewer et al., for the separate mind-wandering and working-memory claim. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Farb et al., 2007 source
The Abstract reports greater reductions in medial prefrontal activity during experiential focus in the mindfulness-trained group than in novices. The Discussion explicitly cautions that the cross-sectional design does not show that training caused this difference. The sentence attributes the separate claims about mind wandering and working memory to Mrazek et al., not Farb et al. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Mrazek et al., 2013 source
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationImprovements from mindfulness-based meditation and therapies go with less NSRP and/or more decentering.
“Increasingly, benefits from mindfulness-based meditation and therapies are associated with reductions in NSRPs and/or gains in decentering, defined as a meta-cognitive capacity to observe items that arise in the mind (e.g., thoughts, feelings, memories) with healthy psychological distance, greater self-awareness, and perspective taking (Fresco, Moore, et al., 2007; Fresco, Segal, Buis, & Kennedy,”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites Fresco, Moore, et al., 2007 source
The introduction (p. 2) reports that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) increased decentering relative to usual treatment and describes evidence that MBCT reduced depression relapse. The general discussion (p. 10) treats decentering as a possible mechanism of treatment benefit, but the paper does not establish the broader association across mindfulness-based meditation and therapies claimed here. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Fresco, Segal, et al., 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationPeople with emotional disorders often show impaired reward and threat learning, producing narrow and rigid behavioral repertoires.
“individuals with emotional disorders often exhibit deficiencies in reward (e.g., Bogdan & Pizzagalli, 2006) and threat learning (e.g., Lissek, 2012; Whitmer et al., 2012) that result in impoverished and inflexible repertoires of behavior in response to the situations that typically function to promote escape, avoidance, or inactivity as a means of attempting to manage emotional/motivational”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim3 of 3 sources checked- cites Bogdan & Pizzagalli, 2006 source
The Results and Discussion report reduced reward responsiveness under acute stress in healthy female controls, especially those reporting more anhedonic symptoms. The citation is attached to reward learning, not threat learning, but the study does not establish that people with emotional disorders generally have reward-learning deficiencies or that these produce inflexible behavior. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Lissek, 2012 source
The Introduction and Section III link anxiety disorders to abnormalities in fear conditioning and overgeneralization of learned threat. The paper does not establish that these abnormalities produce impoverished, inflexible behavioral repertoires, and its findings do not cover emotional disorders broadly. The citing sentence attributes reward learning to a different source. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Whitmer et al., 2012 source
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports impaired punishment learning in clinically depressed participants induced to ruminate, and suggests this could make them less likely to act. Whitmer et al. is cited for threat learning, but its findings are conditional on rumination in major depression; it does not establish a general threat-learning deficit across emotional disorders or demonstrate impoverished, inflexible behavioral repertoires. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationMany people with co-occurring GAD and MDD do not achieve adequate treatment gains, which extends their deficits in functioning and satisfaction.
“Despite significant treatment advances (e.g., Butler, Chapman, Forman, & Beck, 2006), a sizeable subgroup of individuals with co-occurring disorders such as GAD and major depressive disorder (MDD) fail to make sufficient treatment gains, thereby prolonging their deficits in life functioning and satisfaction.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Butler et al., 2006 source
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationElevated NSRP is linked to poorer cognitive and behavioral performance, worse treatment response, and more relapse.
“High levels of NSRP are associated with considerable deficits in cognitive and behavioral responding (e.g., Lissek, 2012; Whitmer, Frank, & Gotlib, 2012) as well as an inferior treatment response and greater relapse (e.g., Jones, Siegle, & Thase, 2008).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim3 of 3 sources checked- cites Lissek, 2012 source
The sections on clinical testing and neural mechanisms discuss conditioned-fear overgeneralization in anxiety, not NSRP or a link between NSRP and cognitive or behavioral deficits. Searches for NSRP and the claimed deficits found no relevant passage in our copy. The treatment-response and relapse clause is cited to Jones et al., not Lissek. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Whitmer et al., 2012 source
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that induced rumination made clinically depressed participants poorer at learning punishment probabilities and avoiding highly punished stimuli, supporting a specific cognitive and behavioral deficit. It does not establish that high levels of NSRP broadly produce considerable deficits across cognitive and behavioral responding. The treatment-response and relapse claims are attached to Jones et al. (2008), not to this source. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Jones et al., 2008 source
The Results (Rumination Predicting Treatment Outcome; page unavailable) link higher initial rumination to lower odds of initial remission during cognitive therapy, although that relationship varies with initial depression severity. The paper examines initial remission, not relapse, so it does not support the claim of greater relapse. The cognitive and behavioral deficits in the citing sentence are attached to other citations, not Jones et al. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationMany psychiatric illnesses feature NSRP, which often causes excessive DMN activity and difficulty switching to the TPN, impairing cognitive load and emotion regulation.
“considerable evidence now reveals that many forms of psychiatric illness are marked by NSRP often resulting in inordinate activation of the DMN and correspondingly, an inability to switch to the TPN, which in turn undermines cognitive load and emotion regulation capacities (e.g., Brewer et al., 2011; Whitfield-Gabrieli & Ford, 2012).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites Brewer et al., 2011 source
The Discussion links pathological states to altered DMN connectivity and its relationship with the task-positive network. It also describes DMN interference with goal-directed processing and attentional performance. It does not establish that self-referential processing in many psychiatric illnesses causes excessive DMN activation, an inability to switch networks, or impaired emotion regulation. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Whitfield-Gabrieli & Ford, 2012 source
May combine two claims.
InterpretationcitationNSRPs are an individual-difference factor spanning many emotional disorders, complicating presentation and treatment, and are key to address for lasting gains.
“Taken together, the meta-analytic results from Olatunji et al. (2013) and the various treatment findings showing the corrosive effects of rumination, worry, and self-criticism indicate that NSRPs represent an individual difference factor that cuts across many forms of emotional disorders, complicates the clinical presentation and treatment of these disorders, and appears to be a crucial factor to”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).
Interpretationnone givenIn psychopathology, NSRPs are best explained by what they do in response to emotional/motivational situations.
“these NSRPs, in the context of psychopathology, are best understood by their functional nature in response to emotional/motivational contexts”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationSelf-criticism harms both acute treatment gains and the durability of treatment effects.
“self-criticism has also shown deleterious effects on treatment efficacy both in the terms of acute treatment gains and in treatment durability (Blatt, 1995; Blatt, Quinlan, Pilkonis, & Shea, 1995; Blatt, Zuroff, Bondi, Sanislow, & Pilkonis, 1998; Blatt, Zuroff, Hawley, & Auerbach, 2010).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites Blatt, 1995
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Blatt et al., 1995
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Blatt et al., 1998 source
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningNSRP's avoidance functions may be especially problematic and may explain why NSRP appears across many forms of psychopathology.
“The avoidance functions of NSRP may be particularly problematic and responsible for their ubiquitous presence in many forms of psychopathology.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationComorbid mood and anxiety disorders are linked to more rumination, and concurrent worry partly explains the link between rumination and depression/anxiety symptoms.
“diagnostic comorbidity composed of mood and anxiety disorders was associated with greater levels of rumination, and concurrent levels of worry partially accounted for the association between rumination to depression and anxiety symptoms.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Olatunji et al., 2013 source
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningDSM-5 and RDoC largely overlook this characteristic, and even effective treatments seldom focus on it.
“Yet, this characteristic is largely overlooked in our systems of nosology (e.g., DSM-5, RDoC) and rarely becomes a major focus even in our efficacious treatments.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
InterpretationreasoningMindfulness-enriched treatments may fit well for NSRP that stems from avoidant emotional/motivational intensity.
“treatments enriched with mindfulness meditation may be well suited to addressing the problems of NSRP that arise in response to avoidant-oriented emotional/motivational intensity.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).
Premisenone givenCurrent nosological systems largely ignore NSRPs.
“However, despite a clear need to better elucidate their role in the nature and treatment of psychopathology, current nosological systems all but ignore NSRPs.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).
Interpretationnone givenWorry, rumination, and self-criticism are abnormal versions of normal self-referential processes that have reliable biobehavioral mechanisms.
“we propose that (a) worry, rumination, and self-criticism reflect aberrations of normative self-referential processes with reliable biobehavioral mechanisms”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Individuals with GAD and/or MDD characteristically respond to aversive and often conflicting emotional and somatic experiences with repetitive or perseverative reactive cognitive processes such as worry and rumination.
“Specifically, individuals with GAD and/or MDD characteristically respond to aversive and often conflicting emotional and somatic experiences with the use of repetitive or perseverative reactive cognitive processes such as worry and rumination (Mennin and Fresco, 2013).”
From Distinct functional connectivities predict clinical response with emotion regulation therapy (2017) · cites this paper as Mennin and Fresco, 2013
The “Disordered Self-Referential Processing” section describes worry and rumination as repetitive responses to distressing emotional or motivational states, and “Treating Refractory Self-Referential Processing” says GAD and MDD are especially marked by destructive negative self-referencing. The paper does not clearly establish the claim’s added specificity that these processes characteristically respond to aversive, conflicting somatic experiences. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn summary, GAD and ruminative MDD patients exhibit intense emotional experiences coupled with excessive negative self-referentiality and low ability to effectively decenter from their emotions and somatic responses, likely reflecting disruption in the DN and SN.
“In summary, GAD and ruminative MDD patients exhibit intense emotional experiences (e.g., somatic arousal) coupled with excessive negative self-referentiality and low ability to effectively decenter from their emotions and somatic responses (e.g., Mennin and Fresco, 2013), likely reflecting disruption in the DN and SN (e.g., insula).”
From Distinct functional connectivities predict clinical response with emotion regulation therapy (2017) · cites this paper as Mennin and Fresco, 2013
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPerseverative negative thinking strategies are more likely to worsen and prolong rather than alleviate psychological distress.
“However, these strategies are more likely to worsen and prolong rather than alleviate psychological distress (16,17).”
From A Randomized Controlled Trial of Emotion Regulation Therapy for Psychologically Distressed Caregivers of Cancer Patients (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
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“…many forms of psychiatric illness are marked by NSRP often resulting in inordinate activation of the DMN and correspondingly, an inability to switch to the TPN, which in turn undermines cognitive load and emotion regulation capacities (e.g., Brewer et al., 2011; Whitfield-Gabrieli & Ford, 2012).”
BackgroundBrewer, J. A., Worhunsky, P. D., Gray, J. R., Tang, Y.-Y., Weber, J., & Kober, H. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1112029108 · Cited by 1,409 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…normative individuals, training in mindfulness meditation has been shown to reduce recruitment of neural regions associated with the DMN (e.g., Brewer et al., 2011; Farb et al., 2007) and reduce mind wandering while improving working memory capacity (e.g., Mrazek, Franklin, Phillips, Baird, &…”
BackgroundSelf-regulation, ego depletion, and motivation
Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2007) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00001.x · Cited by 1,402 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…(e.g., greater accuracy in one's selfconcept) and superior self-regulation (e.g., the ability to alter one's behavior, resist temptation, change one's mood, effectively select an adaptive behavioral response from various options, and better filter irrelevant information; Baumeister & Vohs, 2007).”
BackgroundVago, D. R., & Silbersweig, D. A. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00296 · Cited by 1,310 · cited 1× · see citing works
“One of the putative by-products of developing a meditation practice is reducing the reliance on selfreferential processing in favor of an orientation that is largely nonjudgmental, nonreactive, and present-centered in terms of one's attention and awareness (e.g., Vago & Silbersweig, 2012).”
BackgroundAttending to the present: mindfulness meditation reveals distinct neural modes of self-reference
Farb, N. A. S., Segal, Z. V., Mayberg, H., Bean, J., McKeon, D., Fatima, Z., & Anderson, A. K. (2007) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsm030 · Cited by 1,307 · cited 10× · see citing works
“Notable nodes of the DMN include the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC; associated with the narrative and autobiographical self) and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC; associated with experiential and nonjudgmental self-reflection).”
BackgroundInfluentialMindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse
Morgan, D. (2003) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/713869628 · Cited by 1,203 · see citing works
Generalized anxiety disorder: advances in research and practice
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-3716 · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Mrazek, M. D., Franklin, M. S., Phillips, D. T., Baird, B., & Schooler, J. W. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797612459659 · Cited by 1,063 · see citing works
Behavioral activation treatment for depression: returning to contextual roots
Jacobson, N. S., Martell, C. R., & Dimidjian, S. (2001) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.8.3.255 · Cited by 1,011 · see citing works
Interoception in anxiety and depression
Paulus, M. P., & Stein, M. B. (2010) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-010-0258-9 · Cited by 952 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Paulus and Stein (2010) highlight the neural underpinnings of this relationship between emotional/motivational contexts and NSRP.”
BackgroundThe destructiveness of perfectionism: implications for the treatment of depression.
Blatt, S. J. (1995) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.50.12.1003 · Cited by 926 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…rumination, selfcriticism has also shown deleterious effects on treatment efficacy both in the terms of acute treatment gains and in treatment durability (Blatt, 1995; Blatt, Quinlan, Pilkonis, & Shea, 1995; Blatt, Zuroff, Bondi, Sanislow, & Pilkonis, 1998; Blatt, Zuroff, Hawley, & Auerbach, 2010).”
BackgroundThe destructiveness of perfectionism: Implications for the treatment of depression.
Blatt, S. J. (1995) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.50.12.1003 · Cited by 925 · see citing works
A functional analysis of depression.
Ferster, C. B. (1973) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0035605 · Cited by 918 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…(e.g., Lissek, 2012; Whitmer et al., 2012) that result in impoverished and inflexible repertoires of behavior in response to the situations that typically function to promote escape, avoidance, or inactivity as a means of attempting to manage emotional/motivational signals (e.g., Ferster, 1973).”
Background(2004) · Cited by 863 · see citing works
Hamilton, J. P., Furman, D. J., Chang, C., Thomason, M. E., Dennis, E., & Gotlib, I. H. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.003 · Cited by 823 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Similarly, Hamilton et al. (2011) found that among depressed participants, concurrent levels of self-reported rumination were associated with DMN dominance over activations of the TPN.”
BackgroundFresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., van Dulmen, M. H. M., Segal, Z. V., Ma, S. H., Teasdale, J. D., & Williams, J. M. G. (2007) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.08.003 · Cited by 810 · see citing works
Self-citationNeural substrates of envisioning the future
Szpunar, K. K., Watson, J. M., & McDermott, K. B. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0610082104 · Cited by 784 · see citing works
Generalized anxiety disorder: prevalence, burden, and cost to society
Wittchen, H.-U. (2002) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10065 · Cited by 733 · see citing works
The costs and benefits of mind-wandering: A review.
Mooneyham, B. W., & Schooler, J. W. (2013) · Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale · doi:10.1037/a0031569 · Cited by 674 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Further, mind wandering promotes creative thinking and may be a source of relief from boredom and drudgery (Mooneyham & Schooler, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialEtkin, A., Prater, K. E., Schatzberg, A. F., Menon, V., & Greicius, M. D. (2009) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.104 · Cited by 664 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Consistent with Borkovec and colleagues' (2004) view that worry serves to help reduce distress caused by emotional arousal, Etkin et al. (2009) interpreted the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) here as a form of compensatory, but not necessarily optimal, neural adaptation.”
BackgroundBrown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (2009) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0016608 · Cited by 639 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Brown and Barlow (2009) suggested an alternative model that remains symptom-based, but provides a structural alternative to the DSM.”
BackgroundIntroduction to Research Topic – Binocular Rivalry: A Gateway to Studying Consciousness
Maier, A., Panagiotaropoulos, T. I., Tsuchiya, N., & Keliris, G. A. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00263 · Cited by 629 · see citing works
Thinking of the future and past: the roles of the frontal pole and the medial temporal lobes
Okuda, J., Fujii, T., Ohtake, H., Tsukiura, T., Tanji, K., Suzuki, K., Kawashima, R., Fukuda, H., Itoh, M., & Yamadori, A. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00179-4 · Cited by 607 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…past events and relate them to possible outcomes in the future is likely an evolutionary advantage enjoyed by humans, and it results from the careful coordination of frontal and medial temporal memory systems (Addis, Wong, & Schacter, 2007; Okuda et al., 2003; Szpunar, Watson, & McDermott, 2007).”
BackgroundWorry and rumination: Repetitive thought as a concomitant and predictor of negative mood
Segerstrom, S. C., Tsao, J. C. I., Alden, L. E., & Craske, M. G. (2000) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1005587311498 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Newman, M. G., & Llera, S. J. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.01.008 · Cited by 598 · cited 4× · see citing works
“A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript regulate perceived threat experiences has been shown to impede emotional processing (Borkovec et al., 2004; Newman & Llera, 2011).”
BackgroundInfluential(2004) · Cited by 582 · see citing works
An empirical test of a clinical metacognitive model of rumination and depression
Papageorgiou, C., & Wells, A. (2003) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1023962332399 · Cited by 550 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Specifically, pretreatment levels of rumination predict an inferior acute treatment response in MDD and dysthymic disorder (e.g., Ciesla & Roberts, 2002; Jones et al., 2008; Schmaling, Dimidjian, Katon, & Sullivan, 2002) as well as panic disorder (Papageorgiou & Wells, 2003; Wells, 1990).”
BackgroundEllard, K. K., Fairholme, C. P., Boisseau, C. L., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2010) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.06.002 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Meditation practices for health: state of the research.
(2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 516 · see citing works
The subcallosal cingulate gyrus in the context of major depression
Hamani, C., Mayberg, H., Stone, S., Laxton, A., Haber, S., & Lozano, A. M. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.034 · Cited by 508 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…show stronger resting state connectivity between the PCC and the subgenual ACC, a region when hyperactivated is associated with increased sadness, less cortical control over emotional reactivity, and an inferior treatment response with medication and psychotherapy (e.g., Hamani et al., 2011).”
BackgroundRoemer, L., Orsillo, S. M., & Salters-Pedneault, K. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0012720 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Borkovec, T. D., & Roemer, L. (1995) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)00064-s · Cited by 469 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For instance, individuals with GAD have been distinguished from other individuals in their greater likelihood to utilize worry to distract themselves from emotional topics (Borkovec & Roemer, 1995).”
BackgroundWatkins, E. R., Mullan, E., Wingrove, J., Rimes, K., Steiner, H., Bathurst, N., Eastman, R., & Scott, J. (2011) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.090282 · Cited by 410 · cited 8× · see citing works
“For instance, Borkovec and Ruscio (2001) found that only 50–60% of GAD patients treated with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) demonstrated clinically meaningful change.”
BackgroundInfluentialSpecificity of rumination in anxiety and depression: A multimodal meta‐analysis.
Olatunji, B. O., Naragon-Gainey, K., & Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B. (2013) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1037/h0101719 · Cited by 380 · cited 7× · see citing works
“TREATING REFRACTORY SELF-REFERENTIAL PROCESSING Of the many important conclusions drawn from Olatunji et al. (2013), two findings in particular stand out.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialAcute stress reduces reward responsiveness: Implications for depression
Bogdan, R., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.037 · Cited by 364 · cited 2× · see citing works
“With respect to reward learning, depressed individuals, as compared to healthy controls, are less responsive to future opportunities (e.g., Bogdan & Pizzagalli, 2006) and fail to distinguish between options yielding large versus small rewards (Forbes, Shaw, & Dahl, 2006).”
Background(2001) · PubMed · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Blatt, S. J., Quinlan, D. M., Pilkonis, P. A., & Shea, M. T. (1995) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.63.1.125 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Adrian Wells, A. (1990) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80330-2 · Cited by 326 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, 2008; Schmaling, Dimidjian, Katon, & Sullivan, 2002) as well as panic disorder (Papageorgiou & Wells, 2003; Wells, 1990).”
BackgroundSelf‐Awareness Part 1: Definition, Measures, Effects, Functions, and Antecedents
Morin, A. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00387.x · Cited by 326 · cited 2× · see citing works
“For instance, according to Morin (2011), individuals adept at selfreflection tend to possess superior self-knowledge (e.”
MethodThe fallacy of a “task‐negative” network
Spreng, R. N. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00145 · Cited by 320 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…optimal human mentation is reflected in a delicate balance of activations and coactivations of the TPN and the DMN, and, in some instances, cooperation between nodes from each network to meet the internally and externally generated demands placed upon us (e.g., Buckner et al., 2008; Spreng, 2012).”
BackgroundThe relationship between rumination, avoidance and depression in a non-clinical sample.
Moulds, M. L., Kandris, E., Starr, S., & Wong, A. C. M. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.003 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Lissek, S. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21922 · Cited by 288 · cited 4× · see citing works
“…by NSRP, individuals with emotional disorders often exhibit deficiencies in reward (e.g., Bogdan & Pizzagalli, 2006) and threat learning (e.g., Lissek, 2012; Whitmer et al., 2012) that result in impoverished and inflexible repertoires of behavior in response to the situations that typically…”
BackgroundInfluentialvan Aalderen, J. R., Donders, A. R. T., Giommi, F., Spinhoven, P., Barendregt, H. P., & Speckens, A. E. M. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711002054 · Cited by 262 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Finally, deliberate efforts to target forms of negative self-referencing (worry and rumination) improve treatment durability (e.g., van Aalderen et al., 2011; Watkins et al., 2011; Wells et al., 2012).”
BackgroundRelationship of posttreatment decentering and cognitive reactivity to relapse in major depression
Fresco, D. M., Segal, Z. V., Buis, T., & Kennedy, S. (2007) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.75.3.447 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Self-citationBieling, P. J., Hawley, L. L., Bloch, R. T., Corcoran, K. M., Levitan, R. D., Young, L. T., MacQueen, G. M., & Segal, Z. V. (2012) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027483 · Cited by 241 · cited 5× · see citing works
“A series of studies have validated decentering as a construct important in the acute and enduring treatment of MDD and anxious depression (Fresco, Moore, et al., 2007; Fresco, Segal, et al., 2007; Mennin & Fresco, 2011) and in the prevention of MDD relapse following prophylactic treatment with MBCT (Bieling et al., 20…”
BackgroundInfluentialRoelofs, J., Huibers, M. J. H., Peeters, F. P. M. L., Arntz, A. R., & van Os, J. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.002 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Blatt, S. J., Quinlan, D. M., Pilkonis, P. A., et al. (1995) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.63.1.125 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Psychopathology and pathophysiology of the self in depression-Neuropsychiatric hypothesis
Northoff, G. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.02.012 · Cited by 209 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Indeed, rumination, worry, as well as other cognitive responses to emotions, such as self-criticism, may be considered manifestations of a core process of negative self-referencing in contexts of emotional/motivational salience (i.e., negative self-referential processing [NSRP]; Northoff, 2007).”
BackgroundBlatt, S. J., Zuroff, D. C., Bondi, C. M., Sanislow, C. A., & Pilkonis, P. A. (1998) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.66.2.423 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Rumination as a predictor of relapse in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression
Michalak, J., Hölz, A., & Teismann, T. (2011) · Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice · doi:10.1348/147608310x520166 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Depressive Rumination and Co-Morbidity: Evidence for Brooding as a Transdiagnostic Process
Watkins, E. R. (2009) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-009-0098-9 · Cited by 182 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Indeed, these processes have been shown to be “transdiagnostic” and present in multiple disorders (e.g., Kertz, Bigda-Peyton, Rosmarin, & Björgvinsson, 2012; Watkins, 2009).”
BackgroundAlterations in reward-related decision making in boys with recent and future depression
Forbes, E. E., Shaw, D. S., & Dahl, R. E. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.05.026 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Rumination, Worry, Cognitive Avoidance, and Behavioral Avoidance: Examination of Temporal Effects
Dickson, K. S., Ciesla, J. A., & Reilly, L. C. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.11.002 · Cited by 173 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A more recent study by Dickson, Ciesla, and Reilly (2012) found that both rumination and worry prospectively mediated the relationship of cognitive avoidance with anxiety over a 7-day period, but only rumination mediated the relationship of cognitive avoidance with sadness.”
BackgroundCritical Psychology: What It Is and What It Is Not
Parker, I. (2007) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00008.x · Cited by 172 · see citing works
(2014) · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Predictors of sustained therapeutic change.
Blatt, S. J., Zuroff, D. C., Hawley, L. L., & Auerbach, J. S. (2010) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503300903121080 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Metacognitive therapy in treatment-resistant depression: A platform trial
Wells, A., Fisher, P., Myers, S., Wheatley, J., Patel, T., & Brewin, C. R. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.02.004 · Cited by 145 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Finally, deliberate efforts to target forms of negative self-referencing (worry and rumination) improve treatment durability (e.g., van Aalderen et al., 2011; Watkins et al., 2011; Wells et al., 2012).”
BackgroundResponse styles among patients with minor depression and dysthymia in primary care
Schmaling, K. B., Dimidjian, S., Katon, W., & Sullivan, M. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.2.350 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Self-directed thought and response to treatment for depression: A preliminary investigation
Ciesla, J. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/jcop.16.4.435.52528 · Cited by 122 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Specifically, pretreatment levels of rumination predict an inferior acute treatment response in MDD and dysthymic disorder (e.g., Ciesla & Roberts, 2002; Jones et al., 2008; Schmaling, Dimidjian, Katon, & Sullivan, 2002) as well as panic disorder (Papageorgiou & Wells, 2003; Wells, 1990).”
BackgroundMennin, D. S., & Quintero, J. M. (2017) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483365817.n528 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Origins of Specific Phobias: Influential Theories and Current Perspectives
Coelho, C. M., & Purkis, H. M. (2009) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017759 · Cited by 113 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…times of distress or high emotionality, the prospect of confronting danger to the self or facing a painful disappointment or loss often results in temporary NSRP that prevents optimal switching to the TPN and possibly worsening and prolonging the emotional upset (e.g., Coelho & Purkis, 2009).”
BackgroundNewman, M. G., Przeworski, A., Fisher, A. J., & Borkovec, T. D. (2010) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2008.12.005 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Effects of rumination and initial severity on remission to cognitive therapy for depression
Jones, N. P., Siegle, G. J., & Thase, M. E. (2008) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-008-9191-0 · Cited by 106 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Specifically, pretreatment levels of rumination predict an inferior acute treatment response in MDD and dysthymic disorder (e.g., Ciesla & Roberts, 2002; Jones et al., 2008; Schmaling, Dimidjian, Katon, & Sullivan, 2002) as well as panic disorder (Papageorgiou & Wells, 2003; Wells, 1990).”
BackgroundKertz, S. J., Bigda-Peyton, J. S., Rosmarin, D. H., & Björgvinsson, T. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.005 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Whitmer, A. J., Frank, M. J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2012) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2012.682973 · Cited by 56 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Whitmer et al. (2012) found that instructing depressed individuals to ruminate interfered with learning the probability that a particular stimulus would be associated with punishment.”
BackgroundRumination Mediates the Relationship between Infant Temperament and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms
Mezulis, A. H., Priess, H. A., & Hyde, J. S. (2010) · Depression Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2011/487873 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Farabaugh, A. H., Bitran, S., Witte, J., Alpert, J., Chuzi, S., Clain, A. J., Baer, L., Fava, M., McGrath, P. J., Dording, C., et al. (2010) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0b013e328339fbbd · Cited by 37 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, MDD + apprehensive anxious symptoms) treated in the NIMH-funded Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression Study were especially treatment refractory (Farabaugh et al., 2010).”
MethodAcceptance and Commitment Therapy
Hayes, S. C., & Pierson, H. (2006) · Encyclopedia of Cognitive Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/0-306-48581-8_1 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Towards a neuroimaging biomarker of depression vulnerability
Farb, N. A. S., Segal, Z. V., & Anderson, A. K. (2011) · Translational Neuroscience · doi:10.2478/s13380-011-0033-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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Reflecting on rumination: Consequences, causes, mechanisms and treatment of rumination
Watkins, E. R., & Roberts, H. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103573 · Cited by 862 · see citing works
Mindfulness and emotion regulation
Roemer, L., Williston, S. K., & Rollins, L. G. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.02.006 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Dempsey, A. E., O'Brien, K. D., Tiamiyu, M. F., & Elhai, J. D. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2018.100150 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Elhai, J. D., Levine, J. C., AlGhraibeh, A. M. A., Alafnan, A. A., Aldraiweesh, A., & Hall, B. J. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.020 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Ford, B. Q., Lam, P., John, O. P., & Mauss, I. B. (2018) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000157 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
“…less negative emotion: they are less likely to ruminate, which perpetuates negative emotions (Ciesla, Reilly, Dickson, Emanuel, & Updegraff, 2012; Mennin & Fresco, 2013), less likely to try to suppress mental experiences, which can backfire (Masedo & Esteve, 2007; Wegner, Schneider, Carter III,…”
Elhai, J., Tiamiyu, M., & Weeks, J. W. (2018) · Internet Research · doi:10.1108/intr-01-2017-0019 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
“Rumination is conceptualized as a maladaptive, avoidant coping mechanism, whereby rumination facilitates the avoidance of focusing on negative emotion (Mennin and Fresco, 2013; Nolen-Hoeksema et al. , 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAndrews-Hanna, J. R., Kaiser, R. H., Turner, A. E. J., Reineberg, A. E., Godinez, D., Dimidjian, S., & Banich, M. T. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00900 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
“…mindfulness-based cognitive therapy involves teaching people to become aware of the nature of their internal thoughts, view their thoughts from a more distant or “de-centered”perspective, and accept them for what they are rather than the literal truth (Segal et al., 2002; Mennin and Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundNeuroimaging the consciousness of self: Review, and conceptual-methodological framework
Frewen, P., Schroeter, M. L., Riva, G., Cipresso, P., Fairfield, B., Padulo, C., Kemp, A. H., Palaniyappan, L. K., Owolabi, M. O., Kusi‐Mensah, K., et al. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.023 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
“, 2019)), and may even reflect an endophenotype of complicated and treatment refractory patients (Mennin and Fresco, 2013).”
Inflexibility as a Vulnerability to Depression: A Systematic Qualitative Review
Stange, J. P., Alloy, L. B., & Fresco, D. M. (2017) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12201 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“263 Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
Self-citationAnxiety and error monitoring: the importance of motivation and emotion
Proudfit, G. H., Inzlicht, M., & Mennin, D. S. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00636 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
“Our view is that an elevated ERN reflects a broad disposition toward increased sensitivity to uncertain threat, and that some individuals attempt to compensate for this via worry (Mennin and Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationEmotion Regulation Therapy: A Mechanism-Targeted Treatment for Disorders of Distress
Renna, M. E., Quintero, J. M., Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00098 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
“…with distress disorders alternatively utilize perseverative strategies that may be employed to compensate for a negative emotional state, chiefly by enveloping it in elaborative negative self-referential processing (Borkovec et al., 2004; Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2008; Mennin and Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationKlemanski, D. H., Curtiss, J., McLaughlin, K. A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9817-6 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
“Extant literature, underscoring the transdiagnostic nature of RNT (e.g., Kranzler et al. 2016; Mennin and Fresco 2013), as well as emotion dyregulation (Aldao and Nolen-Hoeksema 2010), dovetails nicely with the current hypothesized model.”
InfluentialMennin, D. S., Fresco, D. M., Ritter, M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2015) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22377 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-citationBrain-heart interaction in perseverative cognition
Ottaviani, C. (2018) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13082 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Mennin, D. S., Fresco, D. M., O'Toole, M. S., & Heimberg, R. G. (2018) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000289 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
“In an effort to integrate and synthesize theory and findings from traditional cognitive behavior therapy and affect science, Mennin and Fresco (2013; 2014) have advanced an emotion dysregulation model that characterizes distress disorders as marked by heightened emotional experience (i.e.,…”
BackgroundSelf-citationElhai, J. D., & Contractor, A. A. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.01.010 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
“Another transdiagnostic construct, rumination, is a maladaptive method of regulating negative emotion by overemphasizing negative thoughts of oneself, rather than engaging in processing the negative emotion (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
MethodJohannsen, M., Nissen, E. R., Lundorff, M., & O'Toole, M. S. (2022) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102156 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Elhai, J. D., Rozgonjuk, D., Yildirim, C., AlGhraibeh, A. M. A., & Alafnan, A. A. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.047 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Mittal, V. A., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.12.011 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“…currently well-represented inside (e.g., error-related negativity; Weinberg, Dieterich, Riesel, 2015) and outside (e.g., negative self referential processing; Mennin & Fresco, 2013) the RDoC Matrix, also have neural correlates that would benefit from a better integrated developmental perspective.”
BackgroundElhai, J. D., Yang, H., & Montag, C. (2019) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-019-00260-4 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Elhai, J. D., Yang, H., Rozgonjuk, D., & Montag, C. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106261 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Psychological treatment of depressive rumination
Watkins, E. R. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.020 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Kertz, S. J., Koran, J., Stevens, K. T., & Björgvinsson, Þ. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.03.006 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
“Such poor treatment response and lack of durable treatment effects associated with RNT have prompted the suggestion that RNT may be an endophenotype of treatment refractory patients who would benefit from personalized treatment (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundToward a Cognitive-Behavioral Classification System for Mental Disorders
Hofmann, S. G. (2014) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.03.001 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
“State rumination and state worrying are examples of maladaptive cognitive processes that are associated with negative affect (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000).”
BackgroundWard, J., Strawbridge, R. J., Bailey, M. E. S., Graham, N., Ferguson, A., Lyall, D. M., Cullen, B., Pidgeon, L. M., Cavanagh, J., Mackay, D., et al. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-017-0012-7 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Rahrig, H., Vago, D. R., Passarelli, M., Auten, A., Lynn, N. A., & Brown, K. W. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15195-6 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
INFLEXIBLE COGNITION PREDICTS FIRST ONSET OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODES IN ADOLESCENCE
Stange, J. P., Connolly, S. L., Burke, T. A., Hamilton, J. L., Hamlat, E. J., Abramson, L. Y., & Alloy, L. B. (2016) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22513 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
“As such, the current study’s aims are in line with dimensional approaches to understanding psychopathology such as the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria initiative by examining both aspects of negative valence (rumination) and cognitive systems (attentional shifting) using varied units of…”
BackgroundRepetitive Negative Thinking: A Transdiagnostic Correlate of Affective Disorders
Arditte, K. A., Shaw, A. M., & Timpano, K. R. (2016) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2016.35.3.181 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
O’Toole, M. S., Renna, M. E., Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2019) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.12.005 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationLackner, R. J., & Fresco, D. M. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.08.007 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“In its healthy forms, self-referential processing is critical for self-regulation, adaptive social cognition, and planning of personally relevant goals (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
Self-citationFeurer, C., Jimmy, J., Chang, F., Langenecker, S. A., Phan, K. L., Ajilore, O., & Klumpp, H. (2021) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.23142 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Further, evidence that these forms of RNT are not just correlates of internalizing disorders, but also contribute to their development and maintenance (Ehring & Watkins, 2008) indicates they may serve as an important targets for intervention (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundKaurin, A., Schönfelder, S., & Wessa, M. (2018) · Journal of counseling and psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000275 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The Attention Training Technique: A Review of a Neurobehavioral Therapy for Emotional Disorders
Fergus, T. A., & Bardeen, J. R. (2015) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.11.001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Researchers have raised the possibility that negatively valenced repetitive thought, including rumination and worry, may contribute to poorer treatment responses to traditional CBT for emotional disorders (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
Changes in functional connectivity following treatment with emotion regulation therapy
Scult, M. A., Fresco, D. M., Gunning, F. M., Liston, C., Seeley, S. H., García, E., & Mennin, D. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00010 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationRenna, M. E. (2021) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100397 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Dispositional mindfulness in trauma recovery: Prospective relations and mediating mechanisms
Nitzan-Assayag, Y., Aderka, I. M., & Bernstein, A. (2015) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.07.008 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Curtiss, J. E., & Klemanski, D. H. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.04.007 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Neural circuit basis of pathological anxiety
Akiki, T. J., Jubeir, J., Bertrand, C., Tozzi, L., & Williams, L. M. (2024) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-024-00880-4 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“In pathological anxiety, negative self-referential thinking, rumination and self-criticism are frequently associated with pathological processes, so self-related tasks are frequently used to assess internalizing psychopathology 130 .”
Distinct functional connectivities predict clinical response with emotion regulation therapy
Fresco, D. M., Roy, A. K., Adelsberg, S., Seeley, S., García-Lesy, E., Liston, C., & Mennin, D. S. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00086 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“…that one experiences (i.e., motivational intensity) and the ways by which one attempts to respond to their arising (i.e., negative selfreferentiality; Borkovec et al., 2004; Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2008; Watkins, 2008; Newman and Llera, 2011; Mennin and Fresco, 2013, 2014; Olatunji et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationAdvancing emotion regulation perspectives on psychopathology: the challenge of distress disorders
Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2015) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2015.969624 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“…in response to a negative emotional state or motivational conflict, which results in increasing repetitions of self-conscious processing (Borkovec et al., 2004; Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Newman & Llera, 2011; Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2008) and subsequent resource depletion (Muraven & Baumeister, 2000).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationWu, D., Zhao, Y. C., Wang, X., Song, S., & Lian, J. (2023) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2023.2233139 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“From a psychiatric perspective, FoMO users may be caught up in rumination (Elhai et al., 2020), a compulsive mindset in which the patient tends to habitually solve problems through repetitive, exhaustive thinking (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
Brain-based Mechanisms of Late-Life Depression: Implications for Novel Interventions
Gunning, F., Oberlin, L., Schier, M. M., & Victoria, L. (2021) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.002 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Renna, M. E., Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2020) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/2470547020905787 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationA multimethod assessment to study the relationship between rumination and gender differences
Ando, A. M. C., Giromini, L., Ales, F., & Zennaro, A. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12666 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Excessive reassurance seeking mediates relations between rumination and problematic smartphone use
Elhai, J. D., Rozgonjuk, D., Alghraibeh, A. M., Levine, J. C., Alafnan, A. A., Aldraiweesh, A. A., Aljomaa, S. S., & Hall, B. J. (2020) · Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic · doi:10.1521/bumc_2020_84_07 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.10.014 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“This intense emotionality is associated with attentional rigidity in processing both interoceptive and exteroceptive emotional stimuli [11–14] and negative self-referentiality including worry, rumination [15, 16], self-criticism [17] and loneliness (i.”
BackgroundSelf-citationO’Toole, M. S., Mennin, D. S., Applebaum, A., Weber, B., Rose, H., Fresco, D. M., & Zachariae, R. (2020) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkz074 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“long rather than alleviate psychological distress (16,17).”
Self-citationA neurobehavioral account for decentering as the salve for the distressed mind
King, A. P., & Fresco, D. M. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.02.009 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationO'Connor, E. E., Holly, L. E., Chevalier, L. L., Pincus, D. B., & Langer, D. A. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22941 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Given that difficulties with emotion regulation are often associated with psychopathology and distress (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Sloan et al., 2017; Wirtz, Hofmann, Riper, & Berking, 2014), it could be useful to consider these factors together in the prediction of parental accommodation.”
BackgroundSelf/Other Referential Processing Following Mindfulness and Loving-Kindness Meditation
Logie, K., & Frewen, P. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-014-0317-z · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Disturbances in SRP of emotional stimuli frequently accompany mental health problems including distress-based disorders such as anxiety and depression, symptomatic of which include negative ruminations and worry concerning the self and the self in relation with others (Mennin and Fresco 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialRuminative Inertia and Its Association With Current Severity and Lifetime Course of Depression
Bean, C., Heggeness, L. F., Kalmbach, D. A., & Ciesla, J. (2020) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702620949174 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Irrespective of the subtype of rumination, research has suggested that ruminative thought is driven by avoidance of aversive emotions and situations (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2008; Watkins, 2008).”
BackgroundManning, K. J., & Steffens, D. C. (2018) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.15353 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Related proxies of neuroticism include responses on questionnaires measuring stress resilience or rumination and emotional categorization tests, also referred to as negative self-referential processing tasks, in which individuals read a list of negative and positive words and endorse whether those words apply to them.…”
BackgroundDifferent Patterns of Attention Bias in Worry and Rumination
Hur, J., Gaul, K., & Berenbaum, H. (2019) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-018-09993-4 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“2016; Mennin and Fresco 2013).”
BackgroundShoham, A., Hadash, Y., & Bernstein, A. (2018) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702618770446 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“…hedonic tone of experience by exposing them to their own negative self-referential thoughts because such thinking is common, reliably elicits acute distress, and has been implicated in many forms of mental ill-health (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Northoff et al., 2006; Whitfield-Gabrieli & Ford, 2012).”
BackgroundMorin, A., & Racy, F. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813995-0.00015-7 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kamboj, S. K., Walldén, Y. S. E., Falconer, C. J., Alotaibi, M. R., Blagbrough, I. S., Husbands, S. M., & Freeman, T. P. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0849-0 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“These observations contribute to our understanding of neurobiological mechanisms for building resilience and improving well-being, but also point to strategies for overcoming the pernicious negative emotional/cognitive states that characterise a variety of psychopathologies (Mennin and Fresco 2013).”
BackgroundDevelopment of a self-distancing task and initial validation of responses
Shepherd, K. A., Coifman, K. G., Matt, L. M., & Fresco, D. M. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000297 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“…2010; Joormann & Gotlib, 2008), and lead to perseverative, negative self-referential thinking processes such as brooding rumination and worry, that are known to increase risk for the development of most mood and anxiety disorders (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Nolen-Hoeksema, Wisco, & Lyubomirsky, 2008).”
InfluentialSelf-citationKraemer, K. M., Jain, F. A., Mehta, D. H., & Fricchione, G. L. (2022) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1742287 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-referential Processing in Remitted Depression: An Event-Related Potential Study
Allison, G. O., Kamath, R. A., Carrillo, V. L., Alqueza, K. L., Pagliaccio, D., Slavich, G. M., Shankman, S., & Auerbach, R. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.12.005 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Neural correlates of mindful emotion regulation in high and low ruminators
Rosenbaum, D., Kroczek, A., Hudak, J., Rubel, J., Maier, M. J., Sorg, T., Weisbender, L., Goldau, L., Mennin, D., Fresco, D., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71952-5 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationChu, X., Liu, L., Wen, Y. F., Li, P., Cheng, B., Cheng, S., Zhang, L., Ma, M., Qi, X., Liang, C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.02.012 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
McNeill, I. M., & Dunlop, P. D. (2015) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000266 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Cui, Q., Chen, Y., Tang, Q., Sheng, W., Li, D., Zeng, Y., Jiang, K., He, Z., & Chen, H. (2022) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110595 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-referential processing in individuals with nonsuicidal self-injury: An fMRI study
Nam, G., Moon, H., Lee, J.-H., & Hur, J. (2022) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103058 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“, 2007), selfhatred (Klonsky, 2007; Nock et al., 2009), and low self-esteem (Cawood and Huprich, 2011; Lundh et al.”
BackgroundLatsko, M. S., Gilman, T. L., Matt, L. M., Nylocks, K. M., Coifman, K. G., & Jasnow, A. M. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162585 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Lauderdale, S. A., & Oakes, K. R. (2020) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-020-00372-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“1979; Clark and Beck 2010; Mennin and Fresco 2013, 2015; Riskindet al. 2006) and points to the importance of aversive indecisiveness to these models.”
BackgroundStange, J. P., Hamilton, J. L., Fresco, D. M., & Alloy, L. B. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.07.007 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationNitzan-Assayag, Y., Yuval, K., Tanay, G., Aderka, I. M., Vujanovic, A. A., Litz, B., & Bernstein, A. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0666-x · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“This finding is consistent with a growing body of evidence linking mindfulness to reduced negative self-referential processes (e.g., rumination, worry; Manicavasagar et al. 2012; Mennin and Fresco 2013).”
ResultBloom, P. A., Pagliaccio, D., Zhang, J., Bauer, C. C. C., Kyler, M., Greene, K. D., Treves, I. N., Morfini, F., Durham, K., Cherner, R., et al. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-05223-8 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Everaert, J., Benisty, H., Polack, R. G., Joormann, J., & Mishne, G. (2022) · Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science · doi:10.1037/abn0000775 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Luyten, P., & Fonagy, P. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1314-5_13 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Recently, negative self-referential processing in combination with emotionality has been suggested to be an endophenotype of treatment-refractory patients who fail to achieve a satisfactory treatment response [61, 62].”
BackgroundConstruct Validity of Inherited Retinal Disease–Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Jayasundera, T., Abuzaitoun, R., Popova, L., Abalem, M. F., Andrews, C., Lacy, G. D., Fresco, D. M., & Musch, D. C. (2022) · American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2022.11.021 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationMavituna, S., Hahn, E. W., Hahne, I., Bergmann, N., Pijnenborg, G. H. M., Ta, T. M. T., Tafelski, L., & Böge, K. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-02908-3 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“These results align with previous research showing self-compassion to be negatively correlated with negative self-referential processing (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Werner et al., 2019), thereby supporting the proposed working mechanisms of compassion-based approaches.”
ResultWu, J., Hamilton, J. L., Fresco, D. M., Alloy, L. B., & Stange, J. P. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.104017 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationShaw, Z. A., Conway, C., & Starr, L. (2021) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-020-00714-8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…Watkins (2011) influential model, wherein they explicitly conceptualize rumination as a transdiagnostic risk factor, which has led to the growing inclusion of rumination and other forms of negative self-referential thought in transdiagnostic frameworks (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Woody & Gibb, 2015).”
BackgroundWu, M., Mennin, D. S., Ly, M. J., Karim, H. T., Banihashemi, L., Tudorascu, D., Aizenstein, H. J., & Andreescu, C. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.022 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Although traditionally severe worry has been confined to categories such as Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)(Mennin, 2013), multiple lines of research support the presence of severe worry in other several other anxiety and mood disorders (Kertz et al., 2012, Tull et al., 2011, Che…”
BackgroundSelf-citationStange, J. P., MacNamara, A., Kennedy, A. E., Hajcak, G., Phan, K. L., & Klumpp, H. (2017) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.06.027 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Preliminary Validation of Subjective Anchor Scales for Worry and Rumination
Wichelns, G. A., Renna, M. E., & Mennin, D. S. (2016) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9779-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Mennin and Fresco (2013) describe the overuse of negative self-referential processes (NSRPs) as one common link between these two disorders.”
BackgroundSelf-citationTrait anxiety and attenuated negative affect differentiation: a vulnerability factor to consider?
Matt, L. M., Fresco, D. M., & Coifman, K. G. (2016) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2016.1163544 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“As such, affect differentiation may be a form of adaptive elaboration of emotional experience that could be protective, as compared to problematic elaboration, such as rumination or worry (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationKazemi, R., Rostami, R., Nasiri, Z., Hadipour, A. L., Kiaee, N., Coetzee, J. P., Philips, A., Brown, R. E., Seenivasan, S., & Adamson, M. M. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.098 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
BMRMI Reduces Depressive Rumination Possibly through Improving Abnormal FC of Dorsal ACC
Yang, M., Guo, Z., Lv, X., Zhang, Z.-Q., Wang, W., Wang, J., Hong, L., Lin, Y.-N., & Liu, C.-H. (2022) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2022/8068988 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Moreover, there is evidence that higher levels of rumination are correlated with other clinical outcomes, such as a slower treatment response [7, 8] and inferior initial remission [9, 10].”
BackgroundCognitive Processing and Regulation Modulates Analogue Trauma Symptoms in a Virtual Reality Paradigm
Schweizer, T., Renner, F., Sun, D., Becker-Asano, C., & Tuschen‐Caffier, B. (2018) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-018-9967-9 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Victoria, L. W., Alexopoulos, G. S., Ilieva, I. P., Stein, A. T., Hoptman, M. J., Chowdhury, N., Respino, M., Morimoto, S. S., Kanellopoulos, D., Avari, J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.013 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“, feelings of worthlessness and sadness) symptoms of depression (Koster et al., 2011; Mennin and Fresco, 2013; Olatunji et al., 2013; Stuhrmann et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSeeley, S. H., Mennin, D. S., Aldao, A., McLaughlin, K. A., Rottenberg, J. A., & Fresco, D. M. (2015) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-015-9744-y · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Much distress in UDD as well as in GAD stems from internally-mediated attempts to manage emotions (e.g., Borkovec et al. 2004; Fresco et al. 2002; Kertz et al. 2012; Mennin and Fresco 2013; Nolen-Hoeksema et al. 2008).”
BackgroundSelf-citationBourgeois, M. L., & Brown, T. A. (2015) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-015-9677-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“To differentiate these constructs at the conceptual level, neuroticism has been defined as a trait characteristic of heightened emotionality, whereas worry reflects a cognitive process of negative, self-referential thought that occurs in response to this elevated emotionality (Mennin and Fresco 2013).”
BackgroundSeah, T. H. S., Matt, L. M., & Coifman, K. G. (2020) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702620953636 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Consequently, as individuals reflect on negative experiences, they may be less likely to engage in maladaptive forms of cognitive processing such as rumination and worry (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundCurtiss, J. E., & Klemanski, D. H. (2015) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2015.15 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Extant literature has afforded converging evidence that 266 Behaviour Change Identifying Individuals With GAD instances of perseverative negative thinking such as worry constitute transdiagnostic process across emotional disorders (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundA Latent Structure Analysis of Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression in Adolescence
Liu, R. T., McArthur, B. A., Burke, T. A., Hamilton, J. L., Mac Giollabhui, N., Stange, J. P., Hamlat, E. J., Abramson, L. Y., & Alloy, L. B. (2019) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.11.004 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hadash, Y., Dar, O., Amir, I., Braver, T. S., & Bernstein, A. (2026) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-012925-030843 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“These include, for example, meta-awareness (Lutz et al. 2015), decentering (Bernstein et al. 2015), reduced repetitive negative thinking (Mennin & Fresco 2013), nonreactivity to experience (Kabat-Zinn 2013), savoring (Garland & Fredrickson 2019), positive reappraisal of experience (Garland et al.…”
Castagna, P. J., Waters, A. C., Edgar, E. V., Budagzad-Jacobson, R. S., & Crowley, M. J. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100593 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Costa, M. D. A., Gonçalves, F. G., Ferreira-Garcia, R., de Moraes, F., de Nonohay, R. G., & Manfro, G. G. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.059 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fergus, T. A., & Wheless, N. E. (2018) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2018.1479828 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Greater worry severity is linked to poorer functioning and reduced responsiveness to psychological intervention (Mennin & Fresco, 2013).”
BackgroundConnectome‐Based Predictive Modeling of Trait Mindfulness
Treves, I. N., Kucyi, A., Park, M. S., Kral, T. R. A., Goldberg, S. B., Davidson, R. J., Rosenkranz, M. A., Whitfield, S., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2025) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.70123 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“One theorized link is through decreased rumination (Greco, Baer, and Smith 2011), or perseverating on negative self-referential thoughts, memories, and one's own negative mood (Mennin and Fresco 2013; Nolen-Hoeksema 1991).”
Antezana, L., Garcia, K. M., Carlton, C. N., Andino, M. V., Gatto, A. J., & Richey, J. A. (2024) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-024-10130-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“…thinking, has been conceptualized under the negative valence system (e.g., subconstruct of loss), with potentially important vulnerabilities in cognitive systems (e.g., subcon-struct of cognitive control; Arditte et al., 2016; Mennies et al., 2021; Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Woody & Gibb, 2015).”
Clayton, M., Renna, M. E., Klemanski, D. H., Kerns, C. E., McLaughlin, K. A., & Mennin, D. S. (2022) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-022-10339-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Both worry and rumination are increasingly recognized as transdiagnostic mechanisms (e.g., Mennin & Fresco, 2013) related to a higher order factor (Samtani et al., 2022), and there have been intervention trials for individuals with primary GAD and elevated levels of rumination that have reliably…”
BackgroundSelf-citationApplebaum, A. J., Loschiavo, M. J., Morgan, K., Mennin, D. S., Fresco, D. M., Hoyt, M. A., Schofield, E., O’Toole, M. S., Cohn, J. G., & Jacobs, J. M. (2022) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2022.106923 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, C., Lv, X., Guo, Z., Zhang, Z., Yang, M., Fang, J., & Wang, W. (2020) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000001534 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Shahar, G. (2020) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12497 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fresco, D. M., Mennin, D. S., Moore, M., Heimberg, R. G., & Hambrick, J. P. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9601-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“It should also be noted that this emotion dysregulation model (Mennin and Fresco 2013a, b) does not call for tonic cognitive rigidity, as demonstrated by similar pre-induction explanatory flexibility scores between GAD Analogue and Control groups.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationRenna, M. E., Spaeth, P. E., Quintero, J. M., O'Toole, M. S., Sandman, C. F., Fresco, D. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2023) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2023.104420 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M.
- Affiliations
- City University of New York (US)
- Kent State University (US)
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 258-267
- ISSN
- 0969-5893 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2850
- PMC
- PMC5120250
- OpenAlex
- W1897377682
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 14.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Science and Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R34MH070682)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- rumination, worry, emotionality, endophenotypes, treatment refractoriness, personalized treatment, mindfulness meditation, DSM-5, Research Domain Criteria, treatment response
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