REVIEW: Behavioural assessment of drug reinforcement and addictive features in rodents: an overview

Sanchis‐Segura, Carles; Spanagel, Rainer

doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00012.x

Cited by 629Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

REVIEW: Behavioural assessment of drug reinforcement and addictive features in rodents: an overview

Sanchis‐Segura, Carles, Spanagel, Rainer·2006·Addiction Biology

DOI 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00012.x

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Abstract

Some psychoactive drugs are abused because of their ability to act as reinforcers. As a consequence behavioural patterns (such as drug‐seeking/drug‐taking behaviours) are promoted that ensure further drug consumption. After prolonged drug self‐administration, some individuals lose control over their behaviour so that these drug‐seeking/taking behaviours become compulsive, pervading almost all life activities and precipitating the loss of social compatibility. Thus, the syndrome of addictive behaviour is qualitatively different from controlled drug consumption. Drug‐induced reinforcement can be assessed directly in laboratory animals by either operant or non‐operant self‐administration methods, by classical conditioning‐based paradigms such as conditioned place preference or sign tracking, by facilitation of intracranial electric self‐stimulation, or, alternatively by drug‐induced memory enhancement. In contrast, addiction cannot be modelled in animals, at least as a whole, within the constraints of the laboratory. However, various procedures have been proposed as possible rodent analogues of addiction’s major elements including compulsive drug seeking, relapse, loss of control/impulsivity, and continued drug consumption despite negative consequences. This review provides an extensive overview and a critical evaluation of the methods currently used for studying drug‐induced reinforcement as well as specific features of addictive behaviour. In addition, comic strips that illustrate behavioural methods used in the drug abuse field are provided given for free download under http://www.zi‐mannheim/psychopharmacology.de

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Addiction as a behavioral phenomenon includes drug consumption, reinforcement learning, drug seeking, relapse, tolerance, and withdrawal.
“Addiction as a behavioral phenomenon is complex and has several components or phases, including drug consumption, reinforcement learning, drug seeking, relapse, tolerance, and withdrawal (Sanchis-Segura and Spanagel 2006).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Sanchis-Segura and Spanagel 2006
A wide range of animal paradigms model individual features of addiction behavior.
“a wide range of paradigms have been developed that model individual features of addiction behavior (Sanchis-Segura and Spanagel 2006).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Sanchis-Segura and Spanagel 2006

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Neurocircuitry of Addiction
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“Addiction as a behavioral phenomenon is complex and has several components or phases, including drug consumption, reinforcement learning, drug seeking, relapse , tolerance, and withdrawal (Sanchis-Segura and Spanagel 2006).”
Drugs as instruments: A new framework for non-addictive psychoactive drug use
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A multistep general theory of transition to addiction
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Authors: Sanchis‐Segura, C., & Spanagel, R.
Affiliations: Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
Corresponding author: Sanchis‐Segura, Carles
ORCID: Sanchis‐Segura, Carles
Spanagel, Rainer
Venue: Addiction Biology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-03
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: 2-38
ISSN: 1355-6215 (ISSN-L)
1369-1600
DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00012.x
OpenAlex: W2071761663
Cited by: 629
References: 204
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 40
FWCI: 3.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 98 d)
Locations: Addiction Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: drug reinforcement, addictive behavior, self-administration, drug-seeking behavior, compulsive drug seeking, relapse, impulsivity, conditioned place preference, sign-tracking, intracranial self-stimulation
MeSH terms: Alcoholism, Animals, Association Learning, Behavior, Animal, Conditioning, Psychological, Disease Models, Animal, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Reinforcement Schedule, Reward, Rodentia, Self Stimulation, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Wit and Humor as Topic, Substance-Related Disorders

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