Mechanisms of Memory
Abstract
Recent studies of animals with complex nervous systems, including humans and other primates, have improved our understanding of how the brain accomplishes learning and memory. Major themes of recent work include the locus of memory storage, the taxonomy of memory, the distinction between declarative and procedural knowledge, and the question of how memory changes with time, that is, the concepts of forgetting and consolidation. An important recent advance is the development of an animal model of human amnesia in the monkey. The animal model, together with newly available neuropathological information from a well-studied human patient, has permitted the identification of brain structures and connections involved in memory functions.
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According to human cognitive psychology, memory is categorized into declarative memory and non-declarative memory.
“According to human cognitive psychology, memory is categorized into declarative memory and non-declarative memory (Squire, 1986).”
From EvolMem: A Cognitive-Driven Benchmark for Multi-Session Dialogue Memory (2026) · cites this paper as Squire, 1986
Human memory includes non-declarative systems that rely on distinct mechanisms and support habits and implicit knowledge.
“From a cognitive psychology perspective, however, human memory also includes non-declarative systems that rely on distinct mechanisms and support habits and implicit knowledge (Squire, 1986).”
From EvolMem: A Cognitive-Driven Benchmark for Multi-Session Dialogue Memory (2026) · cites this paper as Squire, 1986
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“Just as the human brain utilizes prior experiences for adaptive behavior (Squire, 1986; Schwabe et al., 2014), agents require specialized memory mechanisms to effectively manage sequential tasks.”
EvolMem: A Cognitive-Driven Benchmark for Multi-Session Dialogue Memory
Shen, Y., Pei, D., Guo, Y., Wang, J., Guo, Y., Zhang, Z., Jia, Q., Zhou, J., & Zhai, G. (2026) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.03543
- Authors
- Squire, L. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Squire, Larry R.
- ORCID
- Squire, Larry R.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1986-06-27
- Volume
- 232
- Issue
- 4758
- Pages
- 1612-1619
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1969735301
- Cited by
- 1,278
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 38.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH24600)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- memory mechanisms, memory storage, declarative memory, procedural memory, forgetting, memory consolidation, amnesia, primate brain
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Amnestic Disorder, Amnesia, Amnesia, Retrograde, Amygdala, Animals, Haplorhini, Brain, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Hippocampus, Humans, Learning, Memory, Memory Disorders, Memory, Short-Term, Models, Neurological, Retention, Psychology, Mice
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