Priming and Human Memory Systems
Abstract
Priming is a nonconscious form of human memory, which is concerned with perceptual identification of words and objects and which has only recently been recognized as separate from other forms of memory or memory systems. It is currently under intense experimental scrutiny. Evidence is converging for the proposition that priming is an expression of a perceptual representation system that operates at a pre-semantic level; it emerges early in development, and access to it lacks the kind of flexibility characteristic of other cognitive memory systems. Conceptual priming, however, seems to be based on the operations of semantic memory.
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Intertrial priming is a powerful way by which current selection can be biased toward stimuli that have been selected in the very recent past, irrespective of other concurrently active attentional control processes.
“For instance, (intertrial) priming is a powerful way by which current selection can be biased toward stimuli that have been selected in the very recent past (e.g., on the previous trial) irrespective of other concurrently active attentional control processes (Maljkovic & Nakayama, 1994; Tulving & Schacter, 1990).”
From Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention. (2018) · cites this paper as Tulving & Schacter, 1990
Priming describes how a stimulus or feature that has been repeatedly attended in the recent past is more efficiently selected and identified on the current trial.
“One widely known influence of memory processes on attentional selection is priming, which describes how a stimulus (feature) that has been repeatedly attended in the recent past is more efficiently selected and identified on the current trial (Maljkovic & Nakayama, 1994; Tulving & Schacter, 1990).”
From Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention. (2018) · cites this paper as Tulving & Schacter, 1990
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- Authors
- Tulving, E., & Schacter, D. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- ORCID
- Schacter, Daniel L.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1990-01-19
- Volume
- 247
- Issue
- 4940
- Pages
- 301-306
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2047431989
- Cited by
- 2,595
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 114 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 81 · 2014: 89 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 93
- FWCI
- 55.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ag008441-30)
- National Institute on Aging (1 RO1 AGO8441-01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Keywords
- priming, perceptual identification, perceptual representation, semantic memory, conceptual priming, memory systems, cognitive development
- MeSH terms
- Amnesia, Cognition, Dyslexia, Humans, Memory, Neuropsychology, Perception, Semantics, Visual Perception
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