Shape perception via a high-channel-count neuroprosthesis in monkey visual cortex
Open accessAbstract
Restoring vision by stimulating the brain: Electrical stimulation of the visual cortex has long been proposed as an approach to restoring vision in blind people. Previous studies positioned electrodes on the surface of the brain and thus required delivery of relatively high currents. However, this approach limits the number of electrodes that can be safely stimulated simultaneously, and such surface electrodes activate several millimeters of cortex, which results in a low spatial resolution. Chen et al. demonstrated that the simultaneous stimulation of multiple intracortical electrodes in the monkey primary visual cortex gives rise to the perception of shape and successive stimulation to the perception of motion (see the Perspective by Beauchamp and Yoshor). This major improvement provides proof of concept for the use of electrical microstimulation to create a form of artificial vision in the blind. Science , this issue p. 1191 ; see also p. 1165
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Cites
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
Logothetis, N. K., Pauls, J., Augath, M., Trinath, T., & Oeltermann, A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35084005 · Cited by 6,542 · see citing works
Reach and grasp by people with tetraplegia using a neurally controlled robotic arm
Hochberg, L. R., Bacher, D., Jarosiewicz, B., Masse, N. Y., Simeral, J. D., Vogel, J., Haddadin, S., Liu, J., Cash, S. S., van der Smagt, P., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11076 · Cited by 2,719 · see citing works
The sensations produced by electrical stimulation of the visual cortex
Brindley, G. S., & Lewin, W. S. (1968) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1968.sp008519 · Cited by 1,170 · see citing works
Attention improves performance primarily by reducing interneuronal correlations
Cohen, M. R., & Maunsell, J. H. R. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2439 · Cited by 1,126 · see citing works
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1974) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901580305 · Cited by 897 · see citing works
Intracortical microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex
Flesher, S. N., Collinger, J. L., Foldes, S. T., Weiss, J. M., Downey, J. E., Tyler-Kabara, E. C., Bensmaia, S. J., Schwartz, A. B., Boninger, M. L., & Gaunt, R. A. (2016) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf8083 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Schmidt, E. M., Bak, M. J., Hambrecht, F. T., Kufta, C. V., O'Rourke, D. K., & Vallabhanath, P. (1996) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/119.2.507 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Chronic recording capability of the Utah Intracortical Electrode Array in cat sensory cortex
Rousche, P. J., & Normann, R. A. (1998) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(98)00031-4 · Cited by 646 · see citing works
Ultraflexible nanoelectronic probes form reliable, glial scar–free neural integration
Luan, L., Wei, X., Zhao, Z., Siegel, J. J., Potnis, O., Tuppen, C. A., Lin, S. Q., Kazmi, S., Fowler, R. A., Holloway, S., et al. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601966 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Histed, M. H., Bonin, V., & Reid, R. C. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.07.016 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Functional anatomy of macaque striate cortex. II. Retinotopic organization
Tootell, R. B. H., Switkes, E., Silverman, M. S., & Hamilton, S. (1988) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.08-05-01531.1988 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Dobelle, W. H., & Mladejovsky, M. G. (1974) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010766 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Dobelle, W. H., Mladejovsky, M. G., & Girvin, J. P. (1974) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.183.4123.440 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
The threshold for conscious report: Signal loss and response bias in visual and frontal cortex
van Vugt, B., Dagnino, B., Vartak, D., Safaai, H., Panzeri, S., Dehaene, S., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar7186 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Self-citationVisual sensations produced by intracortical microstimulation of the human occipital cortex
Bak, M., Girvin, J. P., Hambrecht, F. T., Kufta, C. V., Loeb, G. E., & Schmidt, E. M. (1990) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02442682 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Dynamic Stimulation of Visual Cortex Produces Form Vision in Sighted and Blind Humans
Beauchamp, M. S., Oswalt, D., Sun, P., Foster, B. L., Magnotti, J. F., Niketeghad, S., Pouratian, N., Bosking, W. H., & Yoshor, D. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.033 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
“Braille” reading by a blind volunteer by visual cortex stimulation
DOBELLE, W. H., MLADEJOVSKY, M. G., EVANS, J. R., ROBERTS, T. S., & GIRVIN, J. P. (1976) · Nature · doi:10.1038/259111a0 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Spatial Spread of the Local Field Potential and its Laminar Variation in Visual Cortex
Xing, D., Yeh, C.-I., & Shapley, R. M. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2573-09.2009 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Real-time multi-channel stimulus artifact suppression by local curve fitting
Wagenaar, D. A., & Potter, S. M. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(02)00149-8 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Responses of Macaque Perirhinal Neurons during and after Visual Stimulus Association Learning
Erickson, C. A., & Desimone, R. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-23-10404.1999 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Chronic multiunit recordings in behaving animals: advantages and limitations
Supèr, H., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2004) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(04)47020-4 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationA model for intracortical visual prosthesis research
Troyk, P., Bak, M., Berg, J., Bradley, D., Cogan, S., Erickson, R., Kufta, C., McCreery, D., Schmidt, E., & Towle, V. (2003) · Artificial Organs · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1594.2003.07308.x · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Visuotopic Mapping Through a Multichannel Stimulating Implant in Primate V1
Bradley, D. C., Troyk, P. R., Berg, J. A., Bak, M., Cogan, S. F., Erickson, R. K., Kufta, C. V., Mascaro, M., McCreery, D. B., Schmidt, E. M., et al. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.01213.2003 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Saccadic eye movements evoked by microstimulation of striate cortex
Tehovnik, E. J., Slocum, W. M., & Schiller, P. H. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02489.x · Cited by 141 · see citing works
The Organization of Orientation Selectivity Throughout Macaque Visual Cortex
Vanduffel, W. (2002) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/12.6.647 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Behavioral detection of electrical microstimulation in different cortical visual areas
Murphey, D. K., & Maunsell, J. H. R. (2007) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.03.066 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Lewis, P. M., & Rosenfeld, J. V. (2016) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.08.038 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Mind Reading and Writing: The Future of Neurotechnology
Roelfsema, P. R., Denys, D., & Klink, P. C. (2018) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2018.04.001 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citation3D printing and modelling of customized implants and surgical guides for non-human primates.
Chen, X., Possel, J. K., Wacongne, C., van Ham, A. F., Klink, P. C., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.05.013 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationWinawer, J., & Parvizi, J. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.11.008 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Bosking, W. H., Beauchamp, M. S., & Yoshor, D. (2017) · Annual Review of Vision Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-111815-114525 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Davis, T. S., Parker, R. A., House, P. A., Bagley, E. E., Wendelken, S., Normann, R. A., & Greger, B. E. (2012) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/9/6/065003 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Torab, K., Davis, T. S., Warren, D. J., House, P. A., Normann, R. A., & Greger, B. (2011) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035001 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Laminar Variation in Threshold for Detection of Electrical Excitation of Striate Cortex by Macaques
DeYoe, E. A., Lewine, J. D., & Doty, R. W. (2005) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00407.2005 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Psychophysics of Electrical Stimulation of Striate Cortex in Macaques
Bartlett, J. R., DeYoe, E. A., Doty, R. W., Lee, B. B., Lewine, J. D., Negrão, N., & Overman, W. (2005) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00406.2005 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Saturation in phosphene size with increasing current levels delivered to human visual cortex
Bosking, W. H., Sun, P., Ozker, M., Pei, X., Foster, B. L., Beauchamp, M. S., & Yoshor, D. (2017) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2896-16.2017 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Differential effects of laminar stimulation of V1 cortex on target selection by macaque monkeys
Tehovnik, E. J., Slocum, W. M., & Schiller, P. H. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02123.x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Electrocorticography links human temporoparietal junction to visual perception
Beauchamp, M. S., Sun, P., Baum, S. H., Tolias, A. S., & Yoshor, D. (2012) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3131 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cortical visual prostheses: From microstimulation to functional percept
Najarpour Foroushani, A., Pack, C. C., & Sawan, M. (2018) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aaa904 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Simulating prosthetic vision: II. Measuring functional capacity
Chen, S. C., Suaning, G. J., Morley, J. W., & Lovell, N. H. (2009) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.07.003 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Schiller, P. H., Slocum, W. M., Kwak, M. C., Kendall, G. L., & Tehovnik, E. J. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1108337108 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Depth‐dependent detection of microampere currents delivered to monkey V1
Tehovnik, E. J., & Slocum, W. M. (2009) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06695.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Active confocal imaging for visual prostheses
Jung, J., Aloni, D., Yitzhak Yitzhaky, B., & Eli Peli, A. (2014) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.10.023 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Brightness of phosphenes elicited by electrical stimulation of human visual cortex.
Evans, J. R., Gordon, J., Abramov, I., Mladejovsky, M. G., & Dobelle, W. H. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Simulating auditory and visual sensorineural prostheses: a comparative review
Hallum, L. E., Dagnelie, G., Suaning, G. J., & Lovell, N. H. (2007) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/4/1/s08 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Visual Acuity of Simulated Thalamic Visual Prostheses in Normally Sighted Humans
Bourkiza, B., Vurro, M., Jeffries, A. M., & Pezaris, J. S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073592 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
What Delay Fields Tell Us About Striate Cortex
Tehovnik, E. J., & Slocum, W. M. (2007) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00285.2007 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Perceptual learning in a non-human primate model of artificial vision
Killian, N. J., Vurro, M., Keith, S. B., Kyada, M. J., & Pezaris, J. S. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep36329 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Focal Electrical Stimulation of Cortical Functional Networks
Hu, J. M., Qian, M. Z., Tanigawa, H., Song, X. M., & Roe, A. W. (2020) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa136 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Dagnino, B., Gariel, M.-A., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2014) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00645.2014 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationOpriş, I., Barborică, A., & Ferrera, V. P. (2003) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00418-2 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Learning a New Selection Rule in Visual and Frontal Cortex
van der Togt, C., Stănişor, L., Pooresmaeili, A., Albantakis, L., Deco, G., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw155 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, X. (2020) · Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) · doi:10.17632/gx39r48w3b.1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, X. (2020) · Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) · doi:10.17632/gx39r48w3b · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fernández, E., Alfaro, A., Soto-Sánchez, C., Gonzalez-Lopez, P., Lozano, A. M., Peña, S., Grima, M. D., Rodil, A., Gómez, B., Chen, X., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci151331 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Self-citationCelebrating the one millionth cochlear implant
Zeng, F. (2022) · JASA Express Letters · doi:10.1121/10.0012825 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Flexible ultrasound-induced retinal stimulating piezo-arrays for biomimetic visual prostheses
Jiang, L., Lu, G., Zeng, Y., Sun, Y., Kang, H., Burford, J. L., Gong, C., Humayun, M. S., Chen, Y., & Zhou, Q. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31599-4 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Cao, Y., Qu, P., Wang, C., Zhou, J., Li, M., Yu, X., Yu, X., Pang, J., Zhou, W., Liu, H., et al. (2022) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202200816 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Future regenerative medicine developments and their therapeutic applications
Altyar, A. E., El-Sayed, A., Abdeen, A., Piscopo, M., Mousa, S. A., Najda, A., & Abdel‐Daim, M. M. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114131 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The science and engineering behind sensitized brain-controlled bionic hands
Pandarinath, C., & Bensmaı̈a, S. J. (2021) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00034.2020 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Modulating Brain Activity with Invasive Brain–Computer Interface: A Narrative Review
Zhao, Z., Nie, C., Jiang, C.-T., Cao, S.-H., Tian, K.-X., Yu, S., & Gu, J. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13010134 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Roh, H., Yoon, Y. J., Park, J. S., Kang, D.-H., Kwak, S. M., Lee, B. C., & Im, M. (2021) · Nano-Micro Letters · doi:10.1007/s40820-021-00778-1 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Lycke, R., Kim, R., Zolotavin, P., Montes, J., Sun, Y., Kőszeghy, Á., Altun, E., Noble, B., Yin, R., He, F., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112554 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Interfacing with the Brain: How Nanotechnology Can Contribute
Ahmed, A. A. A., Alegret, N., Almeida, B., Álvarez‐Puebla, R. A., Andrews, A. M., Ballerini, L., Barrios‐Capuchino, J. J., Becker, C., Blick, R. H., Bonakdar, S., et al. (2025) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.4c10525 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationKlink, P. C., Chen, X., Vanduffel, W., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.67304 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationEmerging ultrasonic bioelectronics for personalized healthcare
Jiang, L., & Wu, J. (2023) · Progress in Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101110 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Tactile edges and motion via patterned microstimulation of the human somatosensory cortex
Valle, G., Alamri, A. H., Downey, J. E., Lienkämper, R., Jordan, P. M., Sobinov, A. R., Endsley, L. J., Prasad, D., Boninger, M. L., Collinger, J. L., et al. (2025) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adq5978 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Multifunctional human visual pathway-replicated hardware based on 2D materials
Peng, Z., Tong, L., Shi, W., Xu, L., Huang, X., Li, Z., Yu, X., Meng, X., He, X., Lv, S., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-52982-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
End-to-end optimization of prosthetic vision
de Ruyter van Steveninck, J., Güçlü, U., van Wezel, R., & van Gerven, M. (2022) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/jov.22.2.20 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
de Ruyter van Steveninck, J., van Gestel, T., Koenders, P., van der Ham, G., Vereecken, F., Güçlü, U., van Gerven, M., Güçlütürk, Y., & van Wezel, R. (2022) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/jov.22.2.1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Xu, S., Yang, Y. F., Zhang, K., He, E., Liang, W. J., Luo, J., Wu, Y., & Cai, X. (2023) · Microsystems & Nanoengineering · doi:10.1038/s41378-022-00479-8 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Identification of visual cortex cell types and species differences using single-cell RNA sequencing
Wei, J.-R., Hao, Z.-Z., Xu, C., Huang, M., Tang, L., Xu, N., Liu, R., Shen, Y., Teichmann, S. A., Miao, Z., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34590-1 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Yang, R., Zhao, P., Wang, L., Feng, C., Chen, P., Wang, Z., Zhang, Y., Shen, M., Shi, K., Weng, S.-J., et al. (2023) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-023-01137-8 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationSombeck, J. T., Heye, J. O., Kumaravelu, K., Goetz, S. M., Peterchev, A. V., Grill, W. M., Bensmaı̈a, S. J., & Miller, L. E. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac63e8 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Jiang, L., Lu, G., Yang, Y., Xu, Y., Qi, F., Li, J., Zhu, B., & Chen, Y. (2021) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202104251 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Amunts, K., Axer, M., Banerjee, S., Bitsch, L., Bjaalie, J. G., Brauner, P., Brovelli, A., Calarco, N., Carrère, M., Caspers, S., et al. (2024) · Imaging Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/imag_a_00137 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationStoney vs. Histed: Quantifying the spatial effects of intracortical microstimulation
Kumaravelu, K., Sombeck, J. T., Miller, L. E., Bensmaı̈a, S. J., & Grill, W. M. (2021) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.015 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Engineering strategies towards overcoming bleeding and glial scar formation around neural probes
Otte, E., Vlachos, A., & Asplund, M. (2022) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-021-03567-9 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Lee, S., Thunemann, M., Lee, K., Cleary, D. R., Tonsfeldt, K. J., Oh, H., Azzazy, F., Tchoe, Y., Bourhis, A. M., Hossain, L., et al. (2022) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202112045 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Double‐Microcrack Coupling Stretchable Neural Electrode for Electrophysiological Communication
Yang, D., Tian, G., Liang, C., Yang, Z., Zhao, Q., Chen, J., Ma, C., Jiang, Y., An, N., Liu, Y., et al. (2023) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202300412 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges
Borda, E., & Ghezzi, D. (2022) · Progress in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1088/2516-1091/ac812c · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Hafed, Z. M., Yoshida, M., Tian, X., Buonocore, A., & Malevich, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.638429 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Philosophical foundation of the right to mental integrity in the age of neurotechnologies
Lavazza, A., & Giorgi, R. (2023) · Neuroethics · doi:10.1007/s12152-023-09517-2 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Song, M., Huang, Y. T., Visser, H. J., Romme, J., & Liu, Y. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2022.3212672 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Brain-Machine Interfaces to Assist the Blind
Ptito, M., Bleau, M., Djerourou, I., Paré, S., Schneider, F. C., & Chebat, D.-R. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.638887 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Oswalt, D. N., Bosking, W. H., Sun, P., Sheth, S. A., Niketeghad, S., Salas, M. A., Patel, U. K., Greenberg, R. J., Dorn, J. D., Pouratian, N., et al. (2021) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.08.024 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Böhler, C., Vomero, M., Soula, M., Vöröslakos, M., Cruz, M. F. P., Liljemalm, R., Buzsáki, G., Stieglitz, T., & Asplund, M. (2023) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202207576 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
van der Grinten, M., de Ruyter van Steveninck, J., Lozano, A., Pijnacker, L., Rueckauer, B., Roelfsema, P., van Gerven, M., van Wezel, R., Güçlü, U., & Güçlütürk, Y. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.85812 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“Some milestones include the implantation of over 1000 electrodes in a monkey’s visual cortex ( Chen et al., 2020 ), and the testing of a preliminary artificial vision system that presents visual information from the surroundings to a blind subject using a penetrating multi-electrode array in the…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationBeyeler, M., & Sanchez-Garcia, M. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aca69d · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Achieving this ambitious goal will certainly require the engineering of next-generation visual prostheses with large electrode counts (Ferlauto et al 2018, Chen et al 2020, Shah and Chichilnisky 2020) and the development of sophisticated AI systems.”
Chronic stability of a neuroprosthesis comprising multiple adjacent Utah arrays in monkeys
Chen, X., Wang, F., Kooijmans, R. N., Klink, P. C., Boehler, C., Asplund, M., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ace07e · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationNeural electrodes for brain‐computer interface system: From rigid to soft
Yang, D., Tian, G., Chen, J., Liu, Y., Fatima, E., Qiu, J., Malek, N. A. N. N., & Qi, D. (2025) · BMEMat · doi:10.1002/bmm2.12130 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Yang, D., Nie, J., Dai, J., Wu, H., Zheng, J., Zhang, F., & Fang, Y. (2022) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202208601 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
1024-channel electrophysiological recordings in macaque V1 and V4 during resting state
Chen, X., Morales-Gregorio, A., Sprenger, J., Kleinjohann, A., Sridhar, S., van Albada, S. J., Grün, S., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2022) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01180-1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationCaspi, A., Barry, M. P., Patel, U. K., Salas, M. A., Dorn, J. D., Roy, A., Niketeghad, S., Greenberg, R. J., & Pouratian, N. (2021) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.04.019 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Lu, G., Gong, C., Sun, Y., Qian, X., Nair, D. S. R., Li, R., Zeng, Y., Ji, J., Zhang, J., Kang, H., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-48683-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Hughes, C. L., & Kozai, T. D. Y. (2023) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2023.05.013 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Percepts evoked by multi-electrode stimulation of human visual cortex
Bosking, W. H., Oswalt, D. N., Foster, B. L., Sun, P., Beauchamp, M. S., & Yoshor, D. (2022) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2022.08.007 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Alpha oscillations link action to cognition: An oculomotor account of the brain’s dominant rhythmPreprint
Popov, T. G., Miller, G. A., Rockstroh, B. S., Jensen, O. B., & Langer, N. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.09.24.461634 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Bjånes, D. A., Kellis, S., Nickl, R., Baker, B., Aflalo, T., Bashford, L., Chivukula, S., Fifer, M. S., Osborn, L. E., Christie, B., et al. (2025) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2025.02.030 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Neural manifolds in V1 change with top-down signals from V4 targeting the foveal region
Morales-Gregorio, A., Kurth, A. C., Ito, J., Kleinjohann, A., Barthélemy, F. V., Brochier, T., Grün, S., & van Albada, S. J. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114371 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
An extensive dataset of spiking activity to reveal the syntax of the ventral stream
Papale, P., Wang, F., Self, M. W., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2025) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.12.003 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, X., Chen, P., Ding, X., Liu, A., Li, P., Sun, C., & Guan, H. (2022) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-22-2858 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Eisenkolb, V. M., Held, L. M., Utzschmid, A., Lin, X., Krieg, S. M., Meyer, B., Gempt, J., & Jacob, S. N. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112467 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Flexible Polymer Electrodes for Stable Prosthetic Visual Perception in Mice
Orlemann, C., Boehler, C., Kooijmans, R. N., Li, B., Asplund, M., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2024) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202304169 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationThe application of computer vision to visual prosthesis
Wang, J., Zhu, H., Liu, J., Li, H., Han, Y., Zhou, R., & Zhang, Y. (2021) · Artificial Organs · doi:10.1111/aor.14022 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Implications of Neural Plasticity in Retinal Prosthesis
Caravaca-Rodriguez, D., Gaytan, S. P., Suaning, G. J., & Barriga‐Rivera, A. (2022) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.63.11.11 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Beyond the Cane: Describing Urban Scenes to Blind People for Mobility Tasks
Hoogsteen, K. M. P., Szpiro, S., Kreiman, G., & Eli Peli, A. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/3522757 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Optimization of Neuroprosthetic Vision via End-to-End Deep Reinforcement Learning
Küçükoğlu, B., Rueckauer, B., Ahmad, N., van Steveninck, J. D. R., Güçlü, U., & van Gerven, M. A. J. (2022) · International Journal of Neural Systems · doi:10.1142/s0129065722500526 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Optimization of Neuroprosthetic Vision via End-to-end Deep Reinforcement Learning
Küçükoğlu, B., Rueckauer, B., Ahmad, N., de Ruyter van Steveninck, J., Güçlü, U., & van Gerven, M. (2022) · doi:10.1101/2022.02.25.482017 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Quest for an Integrated Set of Neural Mechanisms Underlying Object Recognition in Primates
Kar, K., & DiCarlo, J. J. (2024) · Annual Review of Vision Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-112823-030616 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Electrodeposited Platinum Iridium Enables Microstimulation With Carbon Fiber Electrodes
della Valle, E., Koo, B., Patel, P. R., Whitsitt, Q. A., Purcell, E. K., Chestek, C. A., & Weiland, J. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Nanotechnology · doi:10.3389/fnano.2021.782883 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Vision Restoration by Optogenetic Therapy and Developments Toward Sonogenetic Therapy
Provansal, M., Marazova, K., Sahel, J., & Picaud, S. A. (2022) · Translational Vision Science & Technology · doi:10.1167/tvst.11.1.18 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Provansal, M., Labernède, G., Joffrois, C., Rizkallah, A., Goulet, R., Valet, M., Deschamps, W., Ferrari, U., Chaffiol, A., Dalkara, D., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91972-z · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Wireless Power Transfer to Biomedical Implants Using a Class-E Inverter and a Class-DE Rectifier
van Nunen, T., Mestrom, R., & Visser, H. J. (2023) · IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1109/jerm.2023.3267042 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Europe spent €600 million to recreate the human brain in a computer. How did it go?
Naddaf, M. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-023-02600-x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Patterned electrical brain stimulation by a wireless network of implantable microdevices
Lee, A., Lee, J.-H., Leung, V., Larson, L. E., & Nurmikko, A. V. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54542-1 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Does brain activity cause consciousness? A thought experiment
Gidon, A., Aru, J., & Larkum, M. E. (2022) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001651 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Thin flexible arrays for long-term multi-electrode recordings in macaque primary visual cortex
Merken, L., Schelles, M., Ceyssens, F., Kraft, M. D., & Janssen, P. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac98e2 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Emerging Penetrating Neural Electrodes: In Pursuit of Large Scale and Longevity
Luan, L., Yin, R., Zhu, H., & Xie, C. (2023) · Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev-bioeng-090622-050507 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Intracortical current steering shifts the location of evoked neural activity
Meikle, S. J., Hagan, M. A., Price, N. S. C., & Wong, Y. T. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac77bf · Cited by 19 · see citing works
della Valle, E., Welle, E. J., Chestek, C. A., & Weiland, J. D. (2021) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac20bb · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Nanotechnology for vision restoration
Lanzani, G., Chiaravalli, G., Colombo, E., Manfredi, G., Marco, S. D., Vurro, V., & Benfenati, F. (2024) · Nature Reviews Bioengineering · doi:10.1038/s44222-024-00210-4 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hughes, C. L., Stieger, K. C., Chen, K., Vazquez, A. L., & Kozai, T. D. Y. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.112707 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Attitudes of potential recipients toward emerging visual prosthesis technologies
Karadima, V., Pezaris, E., & Pezaris, J. S. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-36913-8 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
On the origin of memory neurons in the human hippocampus
Kolibius, L. D., Josselyn, S. A., & Hanslmayr, S. (2025) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2025.01.013 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lear, A., Baker, S. N., Clarke, H. F., Roberts, A., Schmid, M. C., & Jarrett, W. (2022) · Current Research in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100049 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Toward a personalized closed-loop stimulation of the visual cortex: Advances and challenges
Grani, F., Soto-Sánchez, C., Fimia, A., & Fernández, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.1034270 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationAxonal stimulation affects the linear summation of single-point perception in three Argus II users
Hou, Y., Nanduri, D., Granley, J., Weiland, J. D., & Beyeler, M. (2024) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ad31c4 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Neurophysiological considerations for visual implants
Meikle, S. J., & Wong, Y. T. (2022) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-021-02417-2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Cellphone remote intelligent neuroregulation with self-powered piezoelectric wireless brain probe
Guan, H., Tang, Y. C., Long, Z., Lin, R., Liang, S., Zhu, F., Zhong, T., Zhang, Y., Fan, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2022) · Nano Energy · doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.108105 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Pancholi, R., Ryan, L., & Peron, S. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39542-x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A machine learning framework to optimize optic nerve electrical stimulation for vision restoration
Romeni, S., Zoccolan, D., & Micera, S. (2021) · Patterns · doi:10.1016/j.patter.2021.100286 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Human-in-the-loop optimization of visual prosthetic stimulation
Fauvel, T., & Chalk, M. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac7615 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lee, J., Letner, J. G., Lim, J., Atzeni, G., Liao, J., Kamboj, A., Mani, B., Jeong, S., Kim, Y., Sun, Y., et al. (2024) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2023.3349179 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A novel interface for cortical columnar neuromodulation with multipoint infrared neural stimulation
Tian, F., Zhang, Y., Schriver, K. E., Hu, J. M., & Roe, A. W. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50375-0 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Yuhong, Z., Liu, X., Ma, J., Wang, Z., Jiang, H., Sun, C., Jeong, D., Guan, H., & Chu, B. (2024) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.4c12460 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Rao, L., Liu, Y., & Zhou, H. (2022) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-022-06690-3 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ultrasound Retinal Stimulation: A Mini-Review of Recent Developments
Lu, G., Qian, X., Gong, C., Ji, J., Thomas, B. B., Humayun, M. S., & Zhou, Q. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control · doi:10.1109/tuffc.2022.3220568 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Visual cortical prosthesis: an electrical perspective
Pio‐Lopez, L., Poulkouras, R., & Depannemaecker, D. (2021) · Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology · doi:10.1080/03091902.2021.1907468 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Zeng, Q., Huang, Z., Cai, G., & Wu, T. (2021) · Advanced Materials Interfaces · doi:10.1002/admi.202100965 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Precise control of neural activity using dynamically optimized electrical stimulation
Shah, N. P., Phillips, A., Madugula, S., Lotlikar, A., Gogliettino, A. R., Hays, M. R., Grosberg, L., Brown, J., Dusi, A., Tandon, P., et al. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.83424 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Li, J., Zhang, W., Liao, Y., Qiu, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhang, X., & Wang, C. (2025) · Physics of Life Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2025.08.007 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The impact of synchronous versus asynchronous electrical stimulation in artificial vision
Moleirinho, S., Whalen, A. J., Fried, S. I., & Pezaris, J. S. (2021) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/abecf1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Grani, F., Soto‐Sánchez, C., Farfán, F. D., Alfaro, A., Grima, M. D., Doblado, A. R., & Fernández, E. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac801d · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Suematsu, N., Vazquez, A. L., & Kozai, T. D. Y. (2024) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ad3853 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bio-inspired optoelectronic devices and systems for energy-efficient in-sensor computing
Wang, X., Huang, H., Tang, J., Hu, R., Du, Y., Wang, Y., Gao, B., He, Q., & Wu, H. (2025) · npj Unconventional Computing · doi:10.1038/s44335-025-00031-7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Visualizing advances in the future of primate neuroscience research
Janssen, P., Isa, T., Lanciego, J. L., Leech, K., Logothetis, N. K., Poo, M., & Mitchell, A. S. (2022) · Current Research in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100064 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Continuity within the somatosensory cortical map facilitates learning
Lassagne, H., Goueytes, D., Shulz, D. E., Estebanez, L., & Ego‐Stengel, V. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110617 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Comparison of electrical microstimulation artifact removal methods for high-channel-count prostheses
Wang, F., Chen, X., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2024) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110169 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationSemantic translation of face image with limited pixels for simulated prosthetic vision
Xia, X., He, X., Lu, F., Pan, X., Li, N., Zhang, J., Pang, X., Yu, F., & Ding, N. (2022) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2022.07.094 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Experiencing Prosthetic Vision with Event-Based Sensors
Rueckauer, B., & van Gerven, M. A. J. (2022) · International Conference on Neuromorphic Systems (ICONS) · doi:10.1145/3546790.3546813 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Clinical Progress and Optimization of Information Processing in Artificial Visual Prostheses
Wang, J., Zhao, R., Li, P., Fang, Z., Li, Q., Han, Y., Zhou, R., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22176544 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The role of the visual field size in artificial vision
Ghezzi, D. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/acc7cd · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Optogenetic activation of visual thalamus generates artificial visual percepts
Wang, J., Azimi, H., Zhao, Y., Kaeser, M., Sánchez, P. V., Vázquez‐Guardado, A., Rogers, J. A., Harvey, M., & Rainer, G. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.90431 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chen, X., Wang, F., Fernandez, E., & Roelfsema, P. R.
- Affiliations
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NL)
- Bioengineering Institute and CIBER-BBN, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Xing
- Roelfsema, Pieter R.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2020-12-04
- Volume
- 370
- Issue
- 6521
- Pages
- 1191-1196
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W3106809839
- Semantic Scholar
- f258b597ebf0a4b4ba6c36aa52904c860cf6f969
- Cited by
- 250
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 15.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.vu.nl
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- KNAW research portal (Royal Academy of Art and Sciences (KNAW)) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (339490)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (P15-42)
- Human Brain Project (720270, 785907)
- Friends Foundation, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- neural prostheses, visual prosthesis, blindness, electrical stimulation, visual cortex, area V1, area V4, receptive fields, shape perception, vision restoration
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blindness, Electric Stimulation, Macaca mulatta, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Phosphenes, Visual Cortex, Neural Prostheses
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-08.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review