Oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin leads to uncoupling of endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase in hypertension
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Tetrahydrobiopterin is a critical cofactor for the NO synthases, and in its absence these enzymes become “uncoupled,” producing reactive oxygen species (ROSs) rather than NO. In aortas of mice with deoxycorticosterone acetate–salt (DOCA-salt) hypertension, ROS production from NO synthase is markedly increased, and tetrahydrobiopterin oxidation is evident. Using mice deficient in the NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox and mice lacking either the endothelial or neuronal NO synthase, we obtained evidence that hypertension produces a cascade involving production of ROSs from the NADPH oxidase leading to oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin and uncoupling of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). This decreases NO production and increases ROS production from eNOS. Treatment of mice with oral tetrahydrobiopterin reduces vascular ROS production, increases NO production as determined by electron spin resonance measurements of nitrosyl hemoglobin, and blunts the increase in blood pressure due to DOCA-salt hypertension. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is only minimally altered in vessels of mice with DOCA-salt hypertension but seems to be mediated by hydrogen peroxide released from uncoupled eNOS, since it is inhibited by catalase. Tetrahydrobiopterin oxidation may represent an important abnormality in hypertension. Treatment strategies that increase tetrahydrobiopterin or prevent its oxidation may prove useful in preventing vascular complications of this common disease.
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Deletion of the organizer subunit p47phox ameliorates the hypertensive response to angiotensin II, decreases endothelial superoxide formation and eNOS uncoupling, and improves survival after MI.
“The deletion of the organizer subunit p47phox ameliorates the hypertensive response to angiotensin II, decreases endothelial superoxide formation and eNOS uncoupling, and improves survival after MI (238, 549, 550).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [549]
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- Authors
- Landmesser, U., Dikalov, S., Price, S. R., McCann, L., Fukai, T., Holland, S. M., Mitch, W. E., & Harrison, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harrison, David G.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2003-04-15
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1201-1209
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC152929
- OpenAlex
- W2042038416
- Cited by
- 1,660
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 80 · 2014: 108 · 2013: 73 · 2012: 104
- FWCI
- 51.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie-Herz und Kreislaufforschung.
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hl039000-03, 5r01hl059248-04, HL58000)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 58000, HL 59248, HL 39000 6, P01HL058000)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK050740, R37DK037175, DK 50740, DK-37175, R01DK037175)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Keywords
- endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling, hypertension, reactive oxygen species, NADPH oxidase, p47phox, DOCA-salt hypertension, hydrogen peroxide, endothelium-dependent vasodilation, nitric oxide, catalase, vascular complications
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biopterins, Desoxycorticosterone, Endothelium, Vascular, Hydrogen Peroxide, Hypertension, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oxidation-Reduction, Superoxides, Vasodilation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Reactive Oxygen Species, Nitric Oxide Synthase, NADPH Oxidases, Mice, Rats, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
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