Moving Narcissus: Can Narcissists Be Empathic?
Abstract
Empathy plays a critical role in fostering and maintaining social relations. Narcissists lack empathy, and this may account for their interpersonal failures. But why do narcissists lack empathy? Are they incapable, or is change possible? Three studies addressed this question. Study 1 showed that the link between narcissism and low empathy generalizes to a specific target person presented in a vignette. The effect was driven by maladaptive narcissistic components (i.e., entitlement, exploitativeness, exhibitionism). Study 2 examined the effect of perspective-taking (vs. control) instructions on self-reported responses to a video. Study 3 examined the effect of the same manipulation on autonomic arousal (heart rate [HR]) during an audio-recording. Perspective-taking ameliorated negative links between maladaptive narcissism and both self-reported empathy and HR. That is, narcissists can be moved by another's suffering, if they take that person's perspective. The findings demonstrate that narcissists' low empathy does not reflect inability, implying potential for intervention.
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Deficits in empathy processing were considered a hallmark of pathological narcissism.
“An interplay between narcissism and empathy was investigated from the clinical conceptualization of NPD to its launch in the DSM–III (22), deficits in empathy processing was considered a hallmark of pathological narcissism (23–26).”
From The dark side of empathy in narcissistic personality disorder (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
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Material Meaning: Narcissists Gain Existential Benefits From Extrinsic Goals
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Empathic and Self-Regulatory Processes Governing Doping Behavior
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On the Popularity of Agentic and Communal Narcissists: The Tit-for-Tat Hypothesis
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Self-Enhancing Self-Presentation: Interpersonal, Relational, and Organizational Implications
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Narcissism and Prosocial Behavior
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Narcissism, beliefs about controlling interpersonal style, and moral disengagement in sport coaches
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Understanding and Mitigating Narcissists’ Low Empathy
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Do bigger egos mean bigger presence? Facets of grandiose narcissism and mindfulness
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The Vicarious Brain: Integrating Empathy and Emotional Learning
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Do consumer choices augment narcissism? The role of self-referent processing
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Hostile emotions and close relationships: Anger can be related to constructive responses
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Empathy - Advanced Research and Applications
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Using social cognition to understand people's grandiose narcissism
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Creatively Increasing Empathy: The Impacts of an Online Empathy Workshop
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Narcissistic traits and compassion: Embracing oneself while devoiding others
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Exploring narcissism and human- and animal-centered empathy in pet owners
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Empathy and Dark Personalities
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- Authors
- Hepper, E. G., Hart, C. M., & Sedikides, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Surrey (GB)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Venue
- Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-05-30
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1079-1091
- ISSN
- 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7433
- OpenAlex
- W2096836634
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 15.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- Open Research (University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Southampton Solent University
- University of Southampton
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- narcissism, empathy, maladaptive narcissism, perspective taking, entitlement, exploitativeness, exhibitionism, autonomic arousal, heart rate, interpersonal relationships, empathy interventions
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