Leadership and organizational change for implementation (LOCI): a randomized mixed method pilot study of a leadership and organization development intervention for evidence-based practice implementation
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BACKGROUND: Leadership is important in the implementation of innovation in business, health, and allied health care settings. Yet there is a need for empirically validated organizational interventions for coordinated leadership and organizational development strategies to facilitate effective evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation. This paper describes the initial feasibility, acceptability, and perceived utility of the Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation (LOCI) intervention. A transdisciplinary team of investigators and community stakeholders worked together to develop and test a leadership and organizational strategy to promote effective leadership for implementing EBPs. METHODS: Participants were 12 mental health service team leaders and their staff (n = 100) from three different agencies that provide mental health services to children and families in California, USA. Supervisors were randomly assigned to the 6-month LOCI intervention or to a two-session leadership webinar control condition provided by a well-known leadership training organization. We utilized mixed methods with quantitative surveys and qualitative data collected via surveys and a focus group with LOCI trainees. RESULTS: Quantitative and qualitative analyses support the LOCI training and organizational strategy intervention in regard to feasibility, acceptability, and perceived utility, as well as impact on leader and supervisee-rated outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The LOCI leadership and organizational change for implementation intervention is a feasible and acceptable strategy that has utility to improve staff-rated leadership for EBP implementation. Further studies are needed to conduct rigorous tests of the proximal and distal impacts of LOCI on leader behaviors, implementation leadership, organizational context, and implementation outcomes. The results of this study suggest that LOCI may be a viable strategy to support organizations in preparing for the implementation and sustainment of EBP.
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Implementation strategies vary in purpose and complexity, ranging from discrete strategies to multifaceted branded strategies that integrate at least two discrete strategies.
“Implementation strategies vary in purpose and complexity, ranging from discrete strategies [56] such as audit and feedback [57] to multifaceted, and often branded, strategies that integrate at least two discrete strategies”
From Ten recommendations for using implementation frameworks in research and practice (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
Research has shown that leaders influence employee attitudes toward EBIs, commitment to organizational change, and improvement in leader EBI support behaviors.
“Research has also shed light on the role of leaders in influencing employee attitudes toward EBI (Aarons, 2006), commitment to organizational change (Hill, Seo, Kang, & Taylor, 2012), and improving leader EBI support behaviors (Aarons, Ehrhart, Farahnak, & Hurlburt, 2015).”
From The Roles of System and Organizational Leadership in System-Wide Evidence-Based Intervention Sustainment: A Mixed-Method Study (2016) · cites this paper as Aarons, Ehrhart, Farahnak, & Hurlburt, 2015
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- Authors
- Aarons, G. A., Ehrhart, M. G., Farahnak, L. R., & Hurlburt, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- San Diego State University (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aarons, Gregory A
- Venue
- Implementation Science
- Published
- 2015-01-16
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11-11
- ISSN
- 1748-5908 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4310135
- OpenAlex
- W2128928578
- Cited by
- 435
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 56.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Implementation Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH098124, P30MH074678, R21MH082731, R01MH072961, R25MH080916)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Organizational Change and Leadership
- Keywords
- evidence-based practice implementation, leadership development, organizational development, implementation leadership, supervisor training, feasibility and acceptability, leadership interventions, organizational change
- MeSH terms
- Adult, California, Female, Humans, Leadership, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Organizational Innovation, Pilot Projects, Evidence-Based Practice
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