Minireview: Timely Ovulation: Circadian Regulation of the Female Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis
Abstract
The preovulatory surge in the secretion of LH is timed by a neuroendocrine integrative mechanism that involves ovarian estradiol levels and the endogenous circadian system. Studies in female rats and hamsters have established that the clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus has a preeminent role in setting the LH surge, and anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological data are revealing the responsible connections between suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons and GnRH and estradiol-receptive areas. Recent investigations show that GnRH and pituitary cells express circadian clock genes that might play a role in the release and reception of the GnRH signal. Analysis of the circadian regulation of the LH surge may provide a model for understanding how multiple neural oscillators function within other neuroendocrine axes.
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Several physiological systems exhibit ultradian rhythms in the 1-3 h range, including the HPG axis, HPA axis, and suprachiasmatic nucleus.
“Several physiological systems exhibit ultradian rhythms (URs) in the 1–3 h range, including the HPG axis60–65, the HPA axis66–72, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus73, 74 – the principal orchestrating brain area for circadian rhythms.”
From Maternal and Early-Life Circadian Disruption Have Long-Lasting Negative Consequences on Offspring Development and Adult Behavior in Mice (2017) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- de la Iglesia, H. O., & Schwartz, W. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schwartz, William J.
- ORCID
- Schwartz, William J.
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2006-03-01
- Volume
- 147
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1148-1153
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- OpenAlex
- W2136393310
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Washington
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Keywords
- ovulation timing, luteinizing hormone surge, circadian clock, suprachiasmatic nucleus, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, estradiol, clock genes, neuroendocrine regulation, female reproduction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Endocrine System, Estradiol, Female, Gonads, Cricetinae, Humans, Hypothalamus, Luteinizing Hormone, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Models, Biological, Neurons, Oscillometry, Ovulation, Pituitary Gland, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Signal Transduction, Rats
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