The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
GPR41/FFAR3 and GPR43/FFAR2 as Cosensors for Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Enteroendocrine Cells vs FFAR3 in Enteric Neurons and FFAR2 in Enteric Leukocytes
Abstract
The expression of short-chain fatty acid receptors GPR41/FFAR3 and GPR43/ free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) was studied in the gastrointestinal tract of transgenic monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP) reporter mice. In the stomach free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3)-mRFP was expressed in a subpopulation of ghrelin and gastrin cells. In contrast, strong expression of FFAR3-mRFP was observed in all cholecystokinin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and secretin cells of the proximal small intestine and in all glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY, and neurotensin cells of the distal small intestine. Throughout the colon and rectum, FFAR3-mRFP was strongly expressed in the large population of peptide YY and GLP-1 cells and in the neurotensin cells of the proximal colon. A gradient of expression of FFAR3-mRFP was observed in the somatostatin cells from less than 5% in the stomach to more than 95% in the rectum. Substance P-containing enterochromaffin cells displayed a similar gradient of FFAR3-mRFP expression throughout the small intestine. Surprisingly, FFAR3-mRFP was also expressed in the neuronal cells of the submucosal and myenteric ganglia. Quantitative PCR analysis of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) purified FFAR3-mRFP positive cells confirmed the coexpression with the various peptide hormones as well as key neuronal marker proteins. The FFAR2-mRFP reporter was strongly expressed in a large population of leukocytes in the lamina propria of in particular the small intestine but surprisingly only weakly in a subpopulation of enteroendocrine cells. Nevertheless, synthetic ligands specific for either FFAR3 or FFAR2 each released GLP-1 from colonic crypt cultures and the FFAR2 agonist mobilized intracellular Ca2+ in FFAR2 positive enteroendocrine cells. It is concluded that FFAR3-mRFP serves as a useful marker for the majority of enteroendocrine cells of the small and large intestine and that FFAR3 and FFAR2 both act as sensors for short-chain fatty acids in enteroendocrine cells, whereas FFAR3 apparently has this role alone in enteric neurons and FFAR2 in enteric leukocytes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism
Tremaroli, V., & Bäckhed, F. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11552 · Cited by 4,387
Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43
Maslowski, K. M., Vieira, A. T., Ng, A., Kranich, J., Sierro, F., Yu, D., Schilter, H. C., Rolph, M. S., Mackay, F., Artis, D., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08530 · Cited by 3,241
Brown, A. J., Goldsworthy, S. M., Barnes, A. A., Eilert, M. M., Tcheang, L., Daniels, D., Muir, A. I., Wigglesworth, M. J., Kinghorn, I., Fraser, N. J., et al. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m211609200 · Cited by 2,409
Tolhurst, G., Heffron, H., Lam, Y. S., Parker, H. E., Habib, A. M., Diakogiannaki, E., Cameron, J., Grosse, J., Reimann, F., & Gribble, F. M. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db11-1019 · Cited by 2,404
A gene expression atlas of the central nervous system based on bacterial artificial chromosomes
Gong, S., Zheng, C., Doughty, M. L., Losos, K., Didkovsky, N., Schambra, U. B., Nowak, N. J., Joyner, A., Leblanc, G., Hatten, M. E., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02033 · Cited by 2,108
Le Poul, E., Loison, C., Struyf, S., Springael, J.-Y., Lannoy, V., Decobecq, M.-E., Brezillon, S., Dupriez, V., Vassart, G., Van Damme, J., et al. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m301403200 · Cited by 1,651
Samuel, B. S., Shaito, A., Motoike, T., Rey, F. E., Backhed, F., Manchester, J. K., Hammer, R. E., Williams, S. C., Crowley, J., Yanagisawa, M., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0808567105 · Cited by 1,564
Glucose Sensing in L Cells: A Primary Cell Study
Reimann, F., Habib, A. M., Tolhurst, G., Parker, H. E., Rogers, G. J., & Gribble, F. M. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.11.002 · Cited by 733
Cited by
From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites
Koh, A., De Vadder, F., Kovatcheva-Datchary, P., & Bäckhed, F. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.041 · Cited by 7,070
The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota–gut–brain communication
Dalile, B., Van Oudenhove, L., Vervliet, B., & Verbeke, K. (2019) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-019-0157-3 · Cited by 3,357
Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights
de Vos, W. M., Tilg, H., Van Hul, M., & Cani, P. D. (2022) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326789 · Cited by 2,388
Microbiota-Generated Metabolites Promote Metabolic Benefits via Gut-Brain Neural Circuits
De Vadder, F., Kovatcheva-Datchary, P., Goncalves, D., Vinera, J., Zitoun, C., Duchampt, A., Bäckhed, F., & Mithieux, G. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.016 · Cited by 2,200
Gut/brain axis and the microbiota
Mayer, E. A., Tillisch, K., & Gupta, A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci76304 · Cited by 1,503
Macia, L., Tan, J., Vieira, A. T., Leach, K., Stanley, D., Luong, S., Maruya, M., Ian McKenzie, C., Hijikata, A., Wong, C., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms7734 · Cited by 1,439
Self-citationMartin, C. R., Osadchiy, V., Kalani, A., & Mayer, E. A. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.04.003 · Cited by 1,284
Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria–gut–brain signals
Sarkar, A., Lehto, S. M., Harty, S., Dinan, T. G., Cryan, J. F., & Burnet, P. W. J. (2016) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002 · Cited by 1,068
From gut dysbiosis to altered brain function and mental illness: mechanisms and pathways
Rogers, G. B., Keating, D. J., Young, R. L., Wong, M.-L., Licinio, J., & Wesselingh, S. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.50 · Cited by 969
The neuropharmacology of butyrate: the bread and butter of the microbiota-gut-brain axis
Stilling, R. M., van de Wouw, M., Clarke, G., Stanton, C., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2016) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2016.06.011 · Cited by 891
Psichas, A., Sleeth, M. L., Murphy, K. G., Brooks, L., Bewick, G. A., Hanyaloglu, A. C., Ghatei, M. A., Bloom, S. R., & Frost, G. (2015) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2014.153 · Cited by 886
Gut microbiota-derived short-chain Fatty acids, T cells, and inflammation
Kim, C. H., Park, J., & Kim, M. (2014) · Immune Network · doi:10.4110/in.2014.14.6.277 · Cited by 704
The role of short chain fatty acids in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis
Byrne, C. S., Chambers, E. S., Morrison, D. J., & Frost, G. (2015) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.84 · Cited by 707
Function and mechanisms of enteroendocrine cells and gut hormones in metabolism
Gribble, F. M., & Reimann, F. (2019) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0168-8 · Cited by 670
Gut microbiota, obesity and diabetes
Patterson, E., Ryan, P. M., Cryan, J. F., Dinan, T. G., Ross, R. P., Fitzgerald, G. F., & Stanton, C. (2016) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133285 · Cited by 552
Brain gut microbiome interactions and functional bowel disorders
Mayer, E. A., Savidge, T., & Shulman, R. J. (2014) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.02.037 · Cited by 496
Gut Bacteria and Neurotransmitters
Dicks, L. M. T. (2022) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms10091838 · Cited by 482
Kim, C. H. (2023) · Cellular & Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-023-00987-1 · Cited by 420
Control of lymphocyte functions by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids
Kim, C. H. (2021) · Cellular & Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-020-00625-0 · Cited by 404
Enteroendocrine cells: a review of their role in brain–gut communication
Latorre, R., Sternini, C., De Giorgio, R., & Greenwood‐Van Meerveld, B. (2016) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12754 · Cited by 392
The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling
Mazzoli, R., & Pessione, E. (2016) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01934 · Cited by 383
Microbiota and the gut-brain-axis: Implications for new therapeutic design in the CNS
Liu, L., Huh, J. R., & Shah, K. (2022) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103908 · Cited by 344
The neuroendocrinology of the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a behavioural perspective
Cussotto, S., Sandhu, K. V., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.04.002 · Cited by 326
Daily eating patterns and their impact on health and disease
Zarrinpar, A., Chaix, A., & Panda, S. (2016) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2015.11.007 · Cited by 263
Sun, J., Li, H., Jin, Y., Yu, J., Mao, S., Su, K.-P., Ling, Z., & Liu, J. (2021) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.10.014 · Cited by 264
The Pharmacology and Function of Receptors for Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Bolognini, D., Tobin, A. B., Milligan, G., & Hodge, D. (2016) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.115.102301 · Cited by 267
α-Synuclein in gut endocrine cells and its implications for Parkinson’s disease
Chandra, R., Hiniker, A., Kuo, Y.-M., Nussbaum, R. L., & Liddle, R. A. (2017) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.92295 · Cited by 236
Inhibition of inflammatory microglia by dietary fiber and short-chain fatty acids
Caetano-Silva, M. E., Rund, L., Hutchinson, N. T., Woods, J. A., Steelman, A. J., & Johnson, R. W. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-27086-x · Cited by 225
Zhao, C., Yang, C., Wai, S. T. C., Zhang, Y., P. Portillo, M., Paoli, P., Wu, Y., San Cheang, W., Liu, B., Carpéné, C., et al. (2019) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1501658 · Cited by 199
Human-Derived Bifidobacterium dentium Modulates the Mammalian Serotonergic System and Gut–Brain Axis
Engevik, M. A., Luck, B., Visuthranukul, C., Ihekweazu, F. D., Engevik, A. C., Shi, Z., Danhof, H. A., Chang-Graham, A. L., Hall, A., Endres, B. T., et al. (2021) · Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.08.002 · Cited by 164
Microbiota–neuroepithelial signalling across the gut–brain axis
Ohara, T. E., & Hsiao, E. Y. (2025) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-024-01136-9 · Cited by 147
Gut hormones in microbiota-gut-brain cross-talk
Sun, L.-J., Li, J.-N., & Nie, Y.-Z. (2020) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000000706 · Cited by 145
Nutritional modulation of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion: a review
Bodnaruc, A. M., Prud’homme, D., Blanchet, R., & Giroux, I. (2016) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0153-3 · Cited by 139
Fukui, H., Xu, X., & Miwa, H. (2018) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm18071 · Cited by 128
Spichak, S., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Berding, K., Vlckova, K., Clarke, G., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.044 · Cited by 127
The Gut Microbiome as a Target for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Aydin, Ö., Nieuwdorp, M., & Gerdes, V. (2018) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-018-1020-6 · Cited by 124
Masse, K. E., & Lu, V. B. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1169624 · Cited by 120
KUWAHARA, A., MATSUDA, K., KUWAHARA, Y., ASANO, S., INUI, T., & MARUNAKA, Y. (2020) · Biomedical Research · doi:10.2220/biomedres.41.199 · Cited by 112
G Protein–Coupled Receptors Targeting Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Riddy, D. M., Delerive, P., Summers, R. J., Sexton, P. M., & Langmead, C. J. (2018) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.117.014373 · Cited by 108
Roles of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Pathogenesis of Functional Constipation
Wang, J.-K., & Yao, S.-K. (2021) · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2021/5560310 · Cited by 98
Gut adaptation after metabolic surgery and its influences on the brain, liver and cancer
Sinclair, P., Brennan, D. J., & le Roux, C. W. (2018) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-018-0057-y · Cited by 91
The Emerging Role of Polyphenols in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes
Wang, Y., Alkhalidy, H., & Liu, D. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26030703 · Cited by 88
Gu, X., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Wang, H., Si, N., Ren, W., Zhao, W., Fan, X., Gao, W., Wei, X., et al. (2021) · Alzheimer's Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-021-00779-7 · Cited by 81
Barrea, L., Muscogiuri, G., Annunziata, G., Laudisio, D., Pugliese, G., Salzano, C., Colao, A., & Savastano, S. (2019) · Hormones · doi:10.1007/s42000-019-00100-0 · Cited by 81
Gut-microbiota derived bioactive metabolites and their functions in host physiology
Debnath, N., Kumar, R., Kumar, A., Mehta, P. K., & Yadav, A. K. (2021) · Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews · doi:10.1080/02648725.2021.1989847 · Cited by 77
Tian, T., Xu, B., Qin, Y., Fan, L., Chen, J., Zheng, P., Gong, X., Wang, H., Bai, M., Pu, J., et al. (2019) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.053 · Cited by 70
SCFA transport in rat duodenum
Kaji, I., Iwanaga, T., Watanabe, M., Guth, P. H., Engel, E., Kaunitz, J. D., & Akiba, Y. (2015) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00298.2014 · Cited by 68
Miletta, M. C., Petkovic, V., Eblé, A., Ammann, R. A., Flück, C. E., & Mullis, P.-E. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107388 · Cited by 51
Maltz, R. M., Keirsey, J., Kim, S. C., Mackos, A. R., Gharaibeh, R. Z., Moore, C. C., Xu, J., Bakthavatchalu, V., Somogyi, A., & Bailey, M. T. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196961 · Cited by 51
Incretin Hormones, Obesity and Gut Microbiota
Angelini, G., Russo, S., & Mingrone, G. (2024) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171216 · Cited by 47
Kaji, I., Akiba, Y., Konno, K., Watanabe, M., Kimura, S., Iwanaga, T., Kuri, A., Iwamoto, K., Kuwahara, A., & Kaunitz, J. D. (2016) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp271441 · Cited by 49
Enteroendocrine Cells: Metabolic Relays between Microbes and Their Host
Plovier, H., & Cani, P. D. (2017) · Endocrine Development · doi:10.1159/000475736 · Cited by 36
Drobny, A., Ngo, P. A., Neurath, M. F., Zunke, F., & López-Posadas, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.655123 · Cited by 24
Do Bacteria Provide an Alternative to Cancer Treatment and What Role Does Lactic Acid Bacteria Play?
Dicks, L. M. T., & Vermeulen, W. (2022) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms10091733 · Cited by 25
Hurley, M. J., Menozzi, E., Koletsi, S., Bates, R., Gegg, M. E., Chau, K.-Y., Blottière, H. M., Macnaughtan, J., & Schapira, A. H. V. (2023) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcad285 · Cited by 22
Identifying crop variants with high resistant starch content to maintain healthy glucose homeostasis
Petropoulou, K., Chambers, E. S., Morrison, D. J., Preston, T., Godsland, I. F., Wilde, P., Narbad, A., Parker, R., Salt, L., Morris, V. J., et al. (2016) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/nbu.12240 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Nøhr, M. K., Pedersen, M. H., Gille, A., Egerod, K. L., Engelstoft, M. S., Husted, A. S., Sichlau, R. M., Grunddal, K. V., Seier Poulsen, S., Han, S., Jones, R. M., Offermanns, S., & Schwartz, T. W.
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2013-10-01
- Volume
- 154
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3552-3564
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- OpenAlex
- W2046315492
- Cited by
- 578
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 30.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
