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Intrinsic Functional Brain Architecture Derived from Graph Theoretical Analysis in the Human Fetus
Open accessAbstract
The human brain undergoes dramatic maturational changes during late stages of fetal and early postnatal life. The importance of this period to the establishment of healthy neural connectivity is apparent in the high incidence of neural injury in preterm infants, in whom untimely exposure to ex-uterine factors interrupts neural connectivity. Though the relevance of this period to human neuroscience is apparent, little is known about functional neural networks in human fetal life. Here, we apply graph theoretical analysis to examine human fetal brain connectivity. Utilizing resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 33 healthy human fetuses, 19 to 39 weeks gestational age (GA), our analyses reveal that the human fetal brain has modular organization and modules overlap functional systems observed postnatally. Age-related differences between younger (GA <31 weeks) and older (GA≥31 weeks) fetuses demonstrate that brain modularity decreases, and connectivity of the posterior cingulate to other brain networks becomes more negative, with advancing GA. By mimicking functional principles observed postnatally, these results support early emerging capacity for information processing in the human fetal brain. Current technical limitations, as well as the potential for fetal fMRI to one day produce major discoveries about fetal origins or antecedents of neural injury or disease are discussed.
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“Posterior cingulate connectivity to the rest of the brain, for example, weakens with increasing gestational age [64].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Thomason, M. E., Brown, J. A., Dassanayake, M. T., Shastri, R., Marusak, H. A., Hernandez-Andrade, E., Yeo, L., Mody, S., Berman, S., Hassan, S. S., & Romero, R.
- Affiliations
- United States Department of Health and Human Services (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Wayne State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Thomason, Moriah E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-05-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e94423
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4006774
- OpenAlex
- W2030993584
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 5.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Wayne State University
- W.K. Kellogg Foundation (P3018205)
- National Institutes of Health (P3018205)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH110793)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES026022)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-2-3342, N01 HD23342, N01-HD-)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Keywords
- fetal brain, functional brain networks, brain modularity, resting-state functional connectivity, posterior cingulate cortex, gestational age, brain maturation, preterm infants, nerve injury, graph theory
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Fetus, Gestational Age, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pregnancy, Young Adult, Connectome
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