Cited by 704Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms

Synaptic mechanisms for plasticity in neocortex

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Feldman, Daniel E.·2009·Annual Review of Neuroscience

Abstract

Sensory experience and learning alter sensory representations in cerebral cortex. The synaptic mechanisms underlying sensory cortical plasticity have long been sought. Recent work indicates that long-term cortical plasticity is a complex, multicomponent process involving multiple synaptic and cellular mechanisms. Sensory use, disuse, and training drive long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD), homeostatic synaptic plasticity and plasticity of intrinsic excitability, and structural changes including formation, removal, and morphological remodeling of cortical synapses and dendritic spines. Both excitatory and inhibitory circuits are strongly regulated by experience. This review summarizes these findings and proposes that these mechanisms map onto specific functional components of plasticity, which occur in common across the primary somatosensory, visual, and auditory cortices.

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  • Synaptic plasticity at cortical-cortical synapses follows classical two-factor Hebbian learning rules.

    “Instead, although dopamine may facilitate cortical LTP, there is much evidence that synaptic plasticity at cortical-cortical synapses follows classical two-factor Hebbian learning rules (for a review, see [76]).”

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  1. Wallace H Fox K 1999 Local cortical interactions determine the form of cortical plasticity J Neurobiol 41 58 63 10504192

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Authors
Feldman, D. E.
Affiliations
University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author
Feldman, Daniel E.
Venue
Annual Review of Neuroscience
Published
2009-06-01
Volume
32
Issue
1
Pages
33-55
ISSN
  • 0147-006X (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-4126
OpenAlex
W2158046593
Cited by
704
References
170
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 54
FWCI
5.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annual Review of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS046652)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Keywords
synaptic plasticity, neocortex, long-term potentiation, long-term depression, homeostatic plasticity, intrinsic excitability, dendritic spines, sensory experience, primary somatosensory cortex, visual cortex, auditory cortex, inhibitory circuits
MeSH terms
Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Neural Inhibition, Neural Pathways, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Perception, Sensation, Synapses, Long-Term Potentiation

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