Microstimulation in visual area MT: effects on direction discrimination performance
Open accessAbstract
Physiological and behavioral evidence suggests that the activity of direction selective neurons in visual cortex underlies the perception of moving visual stimuli. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the effects of cortical microstimulation on perceptual judgements of motion direction. To accomplish this, rhesus monkeys were trained to discriminate the direction of motion in a near-threshold, stochastic motion display. For each experiment, we positioned a microelectrode in the middle of a cluster of neurons that shared a common preferred direction of motion. The psychophysical task was then adjusted so that the visual display was presented directly over the neurons' receptive field. The monkeys were required to discriminate between motion shown either in the direction preferred by the neurons or in the opposite direction. On half the trials of an experiment, we applied electrical microstimulation while monkeys viewed the motion display. We hypothesized that enhancing the neurons' discharge rate would introduce a directionally specific signal into the cortex and thereby influence the monkeys' choices on the discrimination task. We compared the monkeys' performance on “stimulated” and “nonstimulated” trials in 139 experiments; all trials within an experiment were presented in random order. Statistically significant effects of microstimulation were obtained in 89 experiments. In 86 of the 89 experiments with significant effects (97%), the monkeys indicated that motion was in the neurons' preferred direction more frequently on stimulated trials than on nonstimulated trials. The data demonstrate a functional link between the activity of direction selective neurons and perceptual judgements of motion direction.
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MT neurons have been shown to play a causal role in the perceptual judgment of visual motion in their receptive fields.
“This puts LIP neurons on similar footing to MT neurons, which have been shown to play a causal role in the perceptual judgment of visual motion in their receptive fields7,16,23.”
From Microstimulation of macaque area LIP affects decision-making in a motion discrimination task (2006) · cites this paper as [7]
The previous MT study was focused on stimulation-induced changes in RT in an area already known to affect choice in this paradigm.
“The goals of the present study differs from the previous one, which was focused on stimulation-induced changes in RT in an area already known to affect choice in this paradigm7.”
From Microstimulation of macaque area LIP affects decision-making in a motion discrimination task (2006) · cites this paper as [7]
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Visual motion serves but is not under the purview of the dorsal pathway
Gilaie-Dotan, S. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.018 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Neural Mechanisms for Forming a Perceptual Decision
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Neuronal Plasticity That Underlies Improvement in Perceptual Performance
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Self-citationStochastic models of decisions about motion direction: Behavior and physiology
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Microstimulation of visual cortex affects the speed of perceptual decisions
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Effects of cortical microstimulation on confidence in a perceptual decision
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- Authors
- Salzman, C., Murasugi, C., Britten, K., & Newsome, W.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- ORCID
- Salzman, CD
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1992-06-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2331-2355
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6575906
- OpenAlex
- W2133035722
- Cited by
- 657
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 4.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Office of Naval Research
- National Eye Institute (EY 5603)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 07158-11, T32NS007158)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- direction-selective neurons, motion direction discrimination, direction selectivity, rhesus monkeys, receptive fields, visual cortex
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Discrimination, Psychological, Electric Stimulation, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Motion Perception, Probability, Psychophysics, Time Factors, Visual Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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