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No Effect of Commercial Cognitive Training on Brain Activity, Choice Behavior, or Cognitive Performance
Open accessAbstract
Increased preference for immediate over delayed rewards and for risky over certain rewards has been associated with unhealthy behavioral choices.Motivated by evidence that enhanced cognitive control can shift choice behavior away from immediate and risky rewards, we tested whether training executive cognitive function could influence choice behavior and brain responses.In this randomized controlled trial, 128 young adults (71 male, 57 female) participated in 10 weeks of training with either a commercial web-based cognitive training program or web-based video games that do not specifically target executive function or adapt the level of difficulty throughout training.Pretraining and post-training, participants completed cognitive assessments and functional magnetic resonance imaging during performance of the following validated decision-making tasks: delay discounting (choices between smaller rewards now vs larger rewards in the future) and risk sensitivity (choices between larger riskier rewards vs smaller certain rewards).Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no evidence that cognitive training influences neural activity during decision-making; nor did we find effects of cognitive training on measures of delay discounting or risk sensitivity.Participants in the commercial training condition improved with practice on the specific tasks they performed during training, but participants in both conditions showed similar improvement on standardized cognitive measures over time.Moreover, the degree of improvement was comparable to that observed in individuals who were reassessed without any training whatsoever.Commercial adaptive cognitive training appears to have no benefits in healthy young adults above those of standard video games for measures of brain activity, choice behavior, or cognitive performance.
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“Kable et al. (2017) showed that cognitive training (including working memory training) was unable to decrease DD in healthy controls.”
From Behavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review (2019) · cites this paper as Kable et al. (2017)
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Kleiman, T., Yaacov Trope, B., & Amodio, D. M. (2016) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2016.04.006 · Cited by 23
Grabski, M., Curran, H. V., Nutt, D., Husbands, S. M., Freeman, T. P., Fluharty, M., & Munafo, M. R. (2016) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13507 · Cited by 20
Motter, J., Devanand, D., Doraiswamy, P. M., & Sneed, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00249 · Cited by 20
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“Additionally, despite evidence supporting cognitive stimulation for brain health, many popular commercial cognitive or memory training platforms have limited supporting evidence [128, 129].”
BackgroundBehavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review
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“Yet, the study by Parthasarathi and colleagues (Parthasarathi, McConnell, Luery, & Kable, 2017) employed a visualization training and did not find the expected effects on DD.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Kable, J. W., Caulfield, M. K., Falcone, M., McConnell, M., Bernardo, L., Parthasarathi, T., Cooper, N., Ashare, R., Audrain-McGovern, J., Hornik, R., Diefenbach, P., Lee, F. J., & Lerman, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Drexel University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2017-07-10
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 31
- Pages
- 7390-7402
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC5546110
- OpenAlex
- W2736288670
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 16.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5t32mh017168-34)
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32 MH-017168)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA170297, R35CA197461)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- cognitive training, executive function, delay discounting, risk sensitivity, decision-making, brain activity, video games, adaptive training, cognitive performance, young adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Choice Behavior, Cognition, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Reward, Task Performance and Analysis, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Executive Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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