Cited by 205Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorCognitive Abilities and Testing

Remember the future II: Meta-analyses and functional overlap of working memory and delay discounting

Open access
Wesley, Michael J., Bickel, Warren K.·2014·Biological Psychiatry

Abstract

Previously we showed that working memory training decreased the discounting of future rewards in stimulant addicts without affecting a go/no-go task. While a relationship between delay discounting and working memory is consistent with other studies, the unique brain regions of plausible causality between these two abilities have yet to be determined. Activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses were performed on foci from studies of delay discounting (DD = 449), working memory (WM = 452), finger tapping (finger tapping = 450), and response inhibition (RI = 450). Activity maps from relatively less (finger tapping) and more (RI) demanding executive tasks were contrasted with maps of DD and WM. Overlap analysis identified unique functional coincidence between DD and WM. The anterior cingulate cortex was engaged by all tasks. Finger tapping largely engaged motor-related brain areas. In addition to motor-related areas, RI engaged frontal brain regions. The right lateral prefrontal cortex was engaged by RI, DD, and WM and was contrasted out of overlap maps. A functional cluster in the posterior portion of the left lateral prefrontal cortex emerged as the largest location of unique overlap between DD and WM. A portion of the left lateral prefrontal cortex is a unique location where delay discounting and working memory processes overlap in the brain. This area, therefore, represents a therapeutic target for improving behaviors that rely on the integration of the recent past with the foreseeable future.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.08.008

Cites

161 of 161 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [61]Shamosh NA Deyoung CG Green AE Reis DL Johnson MR Conway AR 2008 Individual differences in delay discounting: relation to intelligence, working memory, and anterior prefrontal cortex Psychological science 19 904 911 18947356
  2. [134]Menon V Adleman NE White CD Glover GH Reiss AL 2001 Error-related brain activation during a Go/NoGo response inhibition task Hum Brain Mapp 12 131 143 11170305 PMC6872006
  3. [161]Monterosso JR Ainslie G Xu J Cordova X Domier CP London ED 2007 Frontoparietal cortical activity of methamphetamine-dependent and comparison subjects performing a delay discounting task Hum Brain Mapp 28 383 393 16944492 PMC6871407

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Wesley, M. J., & Bickel, W. K.
Affiliations
  • Carilion Clinic (US)
  • Virginia Tech (US)
Corresponding author
Wesley, Michael J.
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-03
Volume
75
Issue
6
Pages
435-448
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2073860106
Cited by
205
References
161
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 10
FWCI
1.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA012997, R01DA024080, R01DA030241)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Keywords
delay discounting, working memory, response inhibition, finger tapping, anterior cingulate cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, executive function, stimulant use disorder, reward processing, treatment goals
MeSH terms
Brain Mapping, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Inhibition, Psychological, Memory, Short-Term, Prefrontal Cortex, Delay Discounting

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review