Selective bilateral amygdala lesions in rhesus monkeys fail to disrupt object reversal learning
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Neuropsychological studies in nonhuman primates have led to the view that the amygdala plays an essential role in stimulus–reward association. The main evidence in support of this idea is that bilateral aspirative or radiofrequency lesions of the amygdala yield severe impairments on object reversal learning, a task that assesses the ability to shift choices of objects based on the presence or absence of food reward (i.e., reward contingency). The behavioral effects of different lesion techniques, however, can vary. The present study therefore evaluated the effects of selective, excitotoxic lesions of the amygdala in rhesus monkeys on object reversal learning. For comparison, we tested the same monkeys on a task known to be sensitive to amygdala damage, the reinforcer devaluation task. Contrary to previous results based on less selective lesion techniques, monkeys with complete excitotoxic amygdala lesions performed object reversal learning as quickly as controls. As predicted, however, the same operated monkeys were impaired in making object choices after devaluation of the associated food reinforcer. The results suggest two conclusions. First, the results demonstrate that the amygdala makes a selective contribution to stimulus–reward association; the amygdala is critical for guiding object choices after changes in reward value but not after changes in reward contingency. Second, the results implicate a critical contribution to object reversal learning of structures nearby the amygdala, perhaps the subjacent rhinal cortex.
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Monkeys with bilateral amygdala lesions typically fail to show the devaluation effect or show it only in a strongly attenuated form.
“As illustrated in Figure 3A (pink), monkeys with bilateral amygdala lesions typically fail to show the devaluation effect or show it only in a strongly attenuated form.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [75]
Intact control monkeys tend to avoid choosing objects associated with a devalued food, a finding called the devaluation effect.
“Intact, control monkeys tend to avoid choosing objects associated with the devalued food, a finding called the ‘devaluation effect’.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [75]
In all lesion groups, monkeys chose objects according to original preferences with less influence of selectively satiated state than intact monkeys.
“The monkeys chose objects according to their original preferences, with less influence of their selectively satiated state than in intact monkeys.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [75]
The same operated monkeys showed little or no change in food preferences and worked for food like control monkeys.
“The same groups of operated monkeys showed little or no change in food preferences and worked for food like control monkeys.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [75]
Selective bilateral amygdala lesions have no effect on learning object-reward reversals.
“The red curve in Figure 4A illustrates that selective bilateral amygdala lesions have no effect on learning these object-reward reversals (75, 91).”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [75]
Monkeys with bilateral PFo ablations or crossed disconnection of the amygdala and PFo show markedly attenuated devaluation effect.
“Some monkeys received bilateral PFo ablations (blue) and others received a crossed surgical disconnection (green) of the amygdala and PFo (a unilateral amygdala lesion in one hemisphere along with unilateral PFo lesion in the other hemisphere, combined with section of the forebrain commissures). In all lesion groups, the devaluation effect was markedly attenuated.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [75]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Izquierdo, A., & Murray, E. A.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2007-01-31
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1054-1062
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6673199
- OpenAlex
- W2014284272
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Soochow University
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- amygdala, excitotoxic lesions, rhesus monkeys, stimulus-reward associations, reinforcer devaluation, reward contingency, rhinal cortex, reward-guided behavior
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Choice Behavior, Functional Laterality, Macaca mulatta, Male, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reversal Learning
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