Excitotoxic lesions of the amygdala fail to produce impairment in visual learning for auditory secondary reinforcement but interfere with reinforcer devaluation effects in rhesus monkeys
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Aspiration lesions of the amygdala were found previously to produce a severe impairment in visual discrimination learning for auditory secondary reinforcement in rhesus monkeys (Gaffan and Harrison, 1987). To determine whether excitotoxic amygdala lesions would also produce this effect, we trained four naive rhesus monkeys on the same task. The monkeys were required to learn 40 new visual discrimination problems per session in a situation in which visual choices were guided by an auditory secondary reinforcer that had been previously associated with food reward. Bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the amygdala had no effect on the rate of learning visual discrimination problems for auditory secondary reinforcement. We also tested the amygdalectomized monkeys on a reinforcer devaluation task and compared their performance with a group of three normal monkeys. The monkeys first learned to discriminate 60 pairs of objects, baited with two different food rewards. Each of the food rewards was then devalued by selective satiation in two separate experimental sessions. Normal controls tended to avoid displacing objects that covered the devalued food to a significantly greater degree than did the amygdalectomized monkeys, indicating that the excitotoxic amygdala damage interfered with reinforcer devaluation effects. Our results are consistent with the idea that the amygdala is necessary for learning the association between stimuli and the value of particular food rewards; however, the amygdala is not necessary for maintaining the value of secondary reinforcers, once they have been learned.
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Intact control monkeys tend to avoid choosing objects associated with a devalued food, a finding called the devaluation effect.
“Intact, control monkeys tend to avoid choosing objects associated with the devalued food, a finding called the ‘devaluation effect’.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
Monkeys with bilateral amygdala lesions typically fail to show the devaluation effect or show it only in a strongly attenuated form.
“As illustrated in Figure 3A (pink), monkeys with bilateral amygdala lesions typically fail to show the devaluation effect or show it only in a strongly attenuated form.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
In all lesion groups, monkeys chose objects according to original preferences with less influence of selectively satiated state than intact monkeys.
“The monkeys chose objects according to their original preferences, with less influence of their selectively satiated state than in intact monkeys.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
Monkeys with bilateral PFo ablations or crossed disconnection of the amygdala and PFo show markedly attenuated devaluation effect.
“Some monkeys received bilateral PFo ablations (blue) and others received a crossed surgical disconnection (green) of the amygdala and PFo (a unilateral amygdala lesion in one hemisphere along with unilateral PFo lesion in the other hemisphere, combined with section of the forebrain commissures). In all lesion groups, the devaluation effect was markedly attenuated.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
The same operated monkeys showed little or no change in food preferences and worked for food like control monkeys.
“The same groups of operated monkeys showed little or no change in food preferences and worked for food like control monkeys.”
From Localization of Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder: Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Málková, L., Gaffan, D., & Murray, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- ORCID
- Murray, Elisabeth A.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1997-08-01
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 6011-6020
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6573210
- OpenAlex
- W1611064050
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Oxford
- Medical Research Council
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- amygdala, excitotoxic lesions, reinforcer devaluation, visual discrimination learning, rhesus monkeys, satiation, food reward, stimulus value, avoidance learning
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Amygdala, Animals, Discrimination, Psychological, Female, Learning, Macaca mulatta, Male, Photic Stimulation, Reinforcement, Psychology
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