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Epidermal Development in Mammals: Key Regulators, Signals from Beneath, and Stem Cells
Open accessAbstract
Epidermis is one of the best-studied tissues in mammals that contain types of stem cells. Outstanding works in recent years have shed great light on behaviors of different epidermal stem cell populations in the homeostasis and regeneration of the epidermis as well as hair follicles. Also, the molecular mechanisms governing these stem cells are being elucidated, from genetic to epigenetic levels. Compared with the explicit knowledge about adult skin, embryonic development of the epidermis, especially the early period, still needs exploration. Furthermore, stem cells in the embryonic epidermis are largely unstudied or ambiguously depicted. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the process of embryonic epidermal development, with focuses on some key molecular regulators and the role of the sub-epidermal mesenchyme. We will also try to trace adult epidermal stem cell populations back to embryonic development. In addition, we will comment on in vitro derivation of epidermal lineages from ES cells and iPS cells.
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“Because both mesenchymal and epithelial cells from mouse embryonic skin are composed of heterogeneous cell populations (52, 53)”
From Reprogramming of three-dimensional microenvironments for in vitro hair follicle induction (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, S., Zhang, H., & Duan, E.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Duan, Enkui
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2013-05-24
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 10869-10895
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3709707
- OpenAlex
- W2154963888
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 155
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201099)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Hair Growth and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- epidermal development, embryonic epidermis, epidermal stem cells, epidermal homeostasis, epidermal regeneration, hair follicle development, epigenetic regulation, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, molecular regulators
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Epidermis, Homeostasis, Mammals, Stem Cells, Signal Transduction, Cell Lineage
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