A proposed hypothalamic–thalamic–striatal axis for the integration of energy balance, arousal, and food reward

Kelley, Ann E.; Baldo, Brian A.; Pratt, Wayne E.

doi:10.1002/cne.20769

Cited by 353Regulation of Appetite and ObesityNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

A proposed hypothalamic–thalamic–striatal axis for the integration of energy balance, arousal, and food reward

Open access

Kelley, Ann E., Baldo, Brian A., Pratt, Wayne E.·2005·Journal of Comparative Neurology

DOI 10.1002/cne.20769

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

We elaborate herein a novel theory of basal ganglia function that accounts for why palatable, energy‐dense foods retain high incentive value even when immediate physiological energy requirements have been met. Basal ganglia function has been studied from the perspective of topographical segregation of processing within parallel circuits, with primary focus on motor control and cognition. Recent findings suggest, however, that the striatum can act as an integrated unit to modulate motivational state. We describe evidence that the striatal enkephalin system, which regulates the hedonic impact of preferred foods, undergoes coordinated gene expression changes that track current motivational state with regard to food intake. Striatal enkephalin gene expression is also downregulated by an intrastriatal infusion of a cholinergic muscarinic antagonist, a manipulation that greatly suppresses food intake. To account for these findings, we propose that signaling through a hypothalamic–midline thalamic–striatal axis impinges on the cholinergic interneurons of the striatum, which via their large, overlapping axonal fields act as a network to modulate enkephalin‐containing striatal output neurons. A key relay in this circuit is the paraventricular thalamic nucleus, which receives convergent input from orexin‐coded hypothalamic energy‐sensing and behavioral state‐regulating neurons, as well as from circadian oscillators, and projects to cholinergic interneurons throughout the striatal complex. We hypothesize that this system evolved to coordinate feeding and arousal, and to prolong the feeding central motivational state beyond the fulfillment of acute energy needs, thereby promoting “overeating” and the consequent development of an energy reserve for potential future food shortages. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:72–85, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/cne.20769

Cites

126 of 126 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Orexin neurons project widely within both forebrain and hindbrain, including a hypothalamic-thalamic-striatal loop and projections to oromotor and autonomic motor areas in the caudal brainstem.
“In addition to midbrain dopamine neurons, orexin neurons project widely within both forebrain and hindbrain. In particular, a hypothalamic-thalamic-striatal loop involving orexin projections to the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus and cholinergic striatal interneurons ([93](#B93)), and orexin projections to oromotor and autonomic motor areas in the caudal brainstem ([6](#B6)).”
From Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [93]

The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G., & Watson, C. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-63235-9 · Cited by 28,585 · see citing works
Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions
Panksepp, J. (1998) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195096736.001.0001 · Cited by 4,428 · see citing works
Neurons containing hypocretin (orexin) project to multiple neuronal systems
Peyron, C., Tighe, D. K., van den Pol, A. N., de Lecea, L., Heller, H. C., Sutcliffe, J. G., & Kilduff, T. S. (1998) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-23-09996.1998 · Cited by 3,466 · see citing works
Dopamine, learning and motivation.
Wise, R. A. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1406 · Cited by 3,379 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This role is not selective for food but rather for signaling the salience of a variety of potential biological rewards, and cues that predict rewards, in the organism’s environment (Bassareo and Di Chiara, 1999; Horvitz, 2000; Wise, 2004).”
Background
Drug Addiction, Dysregulation of Reward, and Allostasis
Koob, G. (2001) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00195-0 · Cited by 2,953 · see citing works
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Circadian <i>Clock</i> Mutant Mice
Turek, F. W., Joshu, C., Kohsaka, A., Lin, E., Ivanova, G., McDearmon, E., Laposky, A., Losee-Olson, S., Easton, A., Jensen, D. R., et al. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1108750 · Cited by 2,485 · see citing works
Emotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex
Cardinal, R. N., Parkinson, J. A., Hall, J., & Everitt, B. J. (2002) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00007-6 · Cited by 2,129 · see citing works
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology.
Meakin, J. W. (1971) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1971.00310230151026 · Cited by 1,959 · see citing works
Food reward: brain substrates of wanting and liking
Berridge, K. C. (1996) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(95)00033-b · Cited by 1,901 · see citing works
The Nature of the Arrestin·Receptor Complex Determines the Ultimate Fate of the Internalized Receptor
Pan, L., Gurevich, E. V., & Gurevich, V. V. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m209532200 · Cited by 1,758 · see citing works
The neostriatal mosaic: multiple levels of compartmental organization
Gerfen, C. R. (1992) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(92)90355-c · Cited by 1,471 · see citing works
Specificity in the projection patterns of accumbal core and shell in the rat
Heimer, L., Zahm, D. S., Churchill, L., Kalivas, P. W., & Wohltmann, C. (1991) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(91)90202-y · Cited by 1,219 · see citing works
Striatal interneurones: chemical, physiological and morphological characterization
Kawaguchi, Y., Wilson, C. J., Augood, S. J., & Emson, P. C. (1995) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)98374-8 · Cited by 1,197 · see citing works
Putting a spin on the dorsal-ventral divide of the striatum
Voorn, P., Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J., Groenewegen, H. J., Robbins, T. W., & Pennartz, C. M. A. (2004) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.06.006 · Cited by 1,188 · see citing works
Changes in brain activity related to eating chocolate: From pleasure to aversion
Small, D. M. (2001) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/124.9.1720 · Cited by 1,179 · see citing works
From Lesions to Leptin
Elmquist, J. K., Elias, C. F., & Saper, C. B. (1999) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)81084-3 · Cited by 1,160 · see citing works
On the significance of subterritories in the “accumbens” part of the rat ventral striatum
Zahm, D. S., & Brog, J. S. (1992) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(92)90202-d · Cited by 1,040 · see citing works
The intralaminar and midline nuclei of the thalamus. Anatomical and functional evidence for participation in processes of arousal and awareness
Van der Werf, Y. D., Witter, M. P., & Groenewegen, H. J. (2002) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(02)00181-9 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Mesolimbocortical and nigrostriatal dopamine responses to salient non-reward events
Horvitz, J. C. (2000) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00019-1 · Cited by 967 · see citing works
Ventral striatal control of appetitive motivation: role in ingestive behavior and reward-related learning
Kelley, A. E. (2004) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.11.015 · Cited by 942 · see citing works
Self-citation
Opposite effects of mu and kappa opiate agonists on dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens and in the dorsal caudate of freely moving rats.
Di Chiara, G., & Imperato, A. (1988) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)24578-5 · Cited by 916 · see citing works
Orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala encode expected outcomes during learning
Schoenbaum, G. M., Chiba, A. A., & Gallagher, M. (1998) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/407 · Cited by 849 · see citing works
Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior
Swanson, L. W. (2000) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02905-x · Cited by 846 · see citing works
Dopamine neurons and their role in reward mechanisms
Schultz, W. (1997) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(97)80007-4 · Cited by 769 · see citing works
Dopamine operates as a subsecond modulator of food seeking
Roitman, M. F., Stuber, G. D., Phillips, P. E. M., Wightman, R. M., & Carelli, R. M. (2004) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3823-03.2004 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
The physiology of motivation.
Stellar, E. (1954) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0060347 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
The thalamostriatal system: a highly specific network of the basal ganglia circuitry
Smith, Y., Raju, D. V., Paré, J., & Sidibé, M. (2004) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.07.004 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Coincident but Distinct Messages of Midbrain Dopamine and Striatal Tonically Active Neurons
Morris, G., Arkadir, D., Nevet, A., Vaadia, E., & Bergman, H. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.06.012 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Opioid modulation of taste hedonics within the ventral striatum
Kelley, A. E., Bakshi, V. P., Haber, S. N., Steininger, T. L., Will, M. J., & Zhang, M. (2002) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00751-5 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
Self-citation
Functional diversity and specificity of neostriatal interneurons
Tepper, J. M., & Bolam, J. P. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.10.003 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
Neuroanatomical sites mediating the motivational effects of opioids as mapped by the conditioned place preference paradigm in rats.
Bals-Kubik, R., Ableitner, A., Herz, A., & Shippenberg, T. S. (1993) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)10296-6 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine: Empirical and conceptual problems with the anhedonia hypothesis
Salamone, J. D., Cousins, M. S., & Snyder, B. J. (1997) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(96)00017-6 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Synaptic Interaction between Hypocretin (Orexin) and Neuropeptide Y Cells in the Rodent and Primate Hypothalamus: A Novel Circuit Implicated in Metabolic and Endocrine Regulations
Horváth, T. L., Diano, S., & van den Pol, A. N. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-03-01072.1999 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Pharmacological characterization of dopamine systems in the nucleus accumbens core and shell
Deutch, A. Y., & Cameron, D. S. (1992) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(92)90007-o · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Input from the frontal cortex and the parafascicular nucleus to cholinergic interneurons in the dorsal striatum of the rat
Lapper, S. R., & Bolam, J. P. (1992) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(92)90293-b · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Neurons in the Thalamic CM-Pf Complex Supply Striatal Neurons With Information About Behaviorally Significant Sensory Events
Matsumoto, N., Minamimoto, T., Graybiel, A. M., & Kimura, M. (2001) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.2.960 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
The Frontal Cortex-Basal Ganglia System in Primates
Wise, S. P., Murray, E. A., & Gerfen, C. R. (1996) · Critical Reviews in Neurobiology · doi:10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v10.i3-4.30 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Cholinergic interneuron characteristics and nicotinic properties in the striatum
Zhou, F., Wilson, C. J., & Dani, J. A. (2002) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.10150 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Neural projections from nucleus accumbens to globus pallidus, substantia innominata, and lateral preoptic-lateral hypothalamic area: an anatomical and electrophysiological investigation in the rat
Mogenson, G. J., Swanson, L. W., & Wu, M. (1983) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.03-01-00189.1983 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Opioid site in nucleus accumbens shell mediates eating and hedonic ‘liking’ for food: map based on microinjection Fos plumes
Peciña, S., & Berridge, K. C. (2000) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02102-8 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
GABA in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell Participates in the Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior
Stratford, T. R., & Kelley, A. E. (1997) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-11-04434.1997 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Self-citation
Distribution of m1-m4 muscarinic receptor proteins in the rat striatum: light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry using subtype- specific antibodies
Hersch, S. M., Gutekunst, C., Rees, H., Heilman, C. J., & Levey, A. I. (1994) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-05-03351.1994 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
CREB and the formation of long-term memory
Yin, J. C. P., & Tully, T. P. (1996) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(96)80082-1 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
The Neuroanatomical Axis for Control of Energy Balance
Grill, H. J., & Kaplan, J. M. (2002) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1006/frne.2001.0224 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell control feeding behavior via the lateral hypothalamus
Maldonado-Irizarry, C. S., Swanson, C., & Kelley, A. (1995) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-10-06779.1995 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Self-citation
Temporal and spatial characteristics of tonically active neurons of the primate's striatum
Aosaki, T., Kimura, M., & Graybiel, A. M. (1995) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.3.1234 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Mice lacking the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor are hypophagic and lean
Yamada, M., Miyakawa, T., Duttaroy, A., Yamanaka, A., Moriguchi, T., Makita, R., Ogawa, M., Chou, C. J., Xia, B., Crawley, J. N., et al. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35065604 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Role of dynorphin and enkephalin in the regulation of striatal output pathways and behavior
Steiner, H., & Gerfen, C. R. (1998) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s002210050545 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Switching Memory Systems during Learning: Changes in Patterns of Brain Acetylcholine Release in the Hippocampus and Striatum in Rats
Chang, Q., & Gold, P. E. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-07-03001.2003 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Identification of synaptic terminals of thalamic or cortical origin in contact with distinct medium‐size spiny neurons in the rat neostriatum
Dubé, L., Smith, A. D., & Bolam, J. P. (1988) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902670402 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Coincident Activation of NMDA and Dopamine D1Receptors within the Nucleus Accumbens Core Is Required for Appetitive Instrumental Learning
Smith‐Roe, S. L., & Kelley, A. E. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-20-07737.2000 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Self-citation
Spontaneous Activity of Neostriatal Cholinergic InterneuronsIn Vitro
Bennett, B. D., & Wilson, C. J. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-13-05586.1999 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Evidence of a Functional Relationship between the Nucleus Accumbens Shell and Lateral Hypothalamus Subserving the Control of Feeding Behavior
Stratford, T. R., & Kelley, A. E. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-24-11040.1999 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Self-citation
Inhibition of cAMP response element-binding protein or dynorphin in the nucleus accumbens produces an antidepressant-like effect
Newton, S. S., Thome, J., Wallace, T. L., Shirayama, Y., Schlesinger, L., Sakai, N., Chen, J., Neve, R., Nestler, E. J., & Duman, R. S. (2002) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-24-10883.2002 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Wake-promoting and sleep-suppressing actions of hypocretin (orexin): basal forebrain sites of action
España, R. A., Baldo, B. A., Kelley, A. E., & Berridge, C. W. (2001) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00319-0 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Self-citation
Stress increases dynorphin immunoreactivity in limbic brain regions and dynorphin antagonism produces antidepressant‐like effects
Shirayama, Y., Ishida, H., Iwata, M., Hazama, G., Kawahara, R., & Duman, R. S. (2004) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02589.x · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Opiate reward: Sites and substrates
Wise, R. A. (1989) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(89)80021-1 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of reward-related motor learning
Wickens, J. R., Reynolds, J. N., & Hyland, B. I. (2003) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2003.10.013 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Fear and Feeding in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell: Rostrocaudal Segregation of GABA-Elicited Defensive Behavior Versus Eating Behavior
Reynolds, S. M., & Berridge, K. C. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-09-03261.2001 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Modulation of feeding‐induced activation of mesolimbic dopamine transmission by appetitive stimuli and its relation to motivational state
Bassareo, V., & Chiara, G. D. (1999) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00843.x · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Examination of the neurochemical substrates mediating the motivational effects of opioids: role of the mesolimbic dopamine system and D-1 vs. D-2 dopamine receptors.
Shippenberg, T. S., Bals-Kubik, R., & Herz, A. (1993) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)38109-7 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Nucleus accumbens opioid, GABAergic, and dopaminergic modulation of palatable food motivation: Contrasting effects revealed by a progressive ratio study in the rat.
Zhang, M., Balmadrid, C., & Kelley, A. E. (2003) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.117.2.202 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Self-citation
Enhanced intake of high-fat food following striatal mu-opioid stimulation: microinjection mapping and Fos expression
Zhang, M., & Kelley, A. E. (2000) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00198-6 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mind versus metabolism in the control of food intake and energy balance
Berthoud, H. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.04.034 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Neuronal synchronization of tonically active neurons in the striatum of normal and parkinsonian primates
Raz, A., Feingold, A., Zelanskaya, V., Vaadia, E., & Bergman, H. (1996) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.3.2083 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Modulation of taste affect by hunger, caloric satiety, and sensory-specific satiety in the rat
Berridge, K. C. (1991) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/0195-6663(91)90036-r · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Toward a new neurobiology of energy balance, appetite, and obesity: The anatomists weigh in
Sawchenko, P. E. (1998) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19981228)402:4 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
The Functional Organization of the Diencephalon
Mettler, F. A. (1958) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-195810000-00017 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
The lateral hypothalamic area revisited: Neuroanatomy, body weight regulation, neuroendocrinology and metabolism
Bernardis, L. L., & Bellinger, L. L. (1993) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80149-6 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
The perifornical area: the major focus of (a) patchily distributed hypothalamic neuropeptide Y-sensitive feeding system(s)
Stanley, B. G., Magdalin, W., Seirafi, A., Thomas, W. J., & LEIBOWITZ, S. F. (1993) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90382-w · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Effects of selective dopamine D1 or D2 receptor blockade within nucleus accumbens subregions on ingestive behavior and associated motor activity
Baldo, B. A., Sadeghian, K., Basso, A. M., & Kelley, A. E. (2002) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(02)00293-0 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Self-citation
Neural and psychological mechanisms underlying appetitive learning: links to drug addiction
Cardinal, R. N., & Everitt, B. J. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.004 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Encoding of Palatability and Appetitive Behaviors by Distinct Neuronal Populations in the Nucleus Accumbens
Taha, S. A., & Fields, H. L. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3975-04.2005 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Cholinergic synaptic input to different parts of spiny striatonigral neurons in the rat
Izzo, P. N., & Bolam, J. P. (1988) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902690207 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Opioids and food intake: distributed functional neural pathways?
Glass, M. J., Billington, C. J., & Levine, A. S. (1999) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1054/npep.1999.0050 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Naloxone, an opiate blocker, reduces the consumption of sweet high-fat foods in obese and lean female binge eaters.
Drewnowski, A., Krahn, D., Demitrack, M., Nairn, K., & Gosnell, B. (1995) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1206 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Neural integrative activities of nucleus accumbens subregions in relation to learning and motivation
Kelley, A. E. (1999) · Psychobiology · doi:10.3758/bf03332114 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citation
Feeding induced by opioid stimulation of the ventral striatum: role of opiate receptor subtypes.
Bakshi, V. P., & Kelley, A. E. (1993) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)38247-9 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citation
Investigation of the effects of opiate antagonists infused into the nucleus accumbens on feeding and sucrose drinking in rats.
Kelley, A. E., Bless, E. P., & Swanson, C. J. (1996) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)20805-9 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Self-citation
Involvement of the dorsomedial striatum in behavioral flexibility: role of muscarinic cholinergic receptors
Ragozzino, M. E., Jih, J., & Tzavos, A. (2002) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03287-0 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Lateral hypothalamic electrical stimulation: Does it make animals ‘hungry’?
Wise, R. A. (1974) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90272-8 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Effects of Feeding and Drinking on Acetylcholine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens, Striatum, and Hippocampus of Freely Behaving Rats
Mark, G. P., Rada, P. V., Pothos, E. N., & Hoebel, B. G. (1992) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10973.x · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Selective Reward Deficit in Mice Lacking β-Endorphin and Enkephalin
Hayward, M. D., Pintar, J. E., & Low, M. J. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-18-08251.2002 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Hippocampal and midline thalamic fibers and terminals in relation to the choline acetyltransferase‐immunoreactive neurons in nucleus accumbens of the rat: A light and electron microscopic study
Meredith, G. E., & Wouterlood, F. G. (1990) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902960203 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The lateral hypothalamus: a primary site mediating excitatory amino acid-elicited eating
Stanley, B. G., Willett, V. L., Donias, H. W., Ha, L. H., & Spears, L. C. (1993) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90640-9 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Appetite-inducing accumbens manipulation activates hypothalamic orexin neurons and inhibits POMC neurons
Zheng, H., Corkern, M., Stoyanova, I., Patterson, L. M., Tian, R., & Berthoud, H.-R. (2003) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00781.2002 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Arcuate NPY neurons and energy homeostasis in diet-induced obese and resistant rats
Levin, B. E. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.2.r382 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Feeding induced by blockade of AMPA and kainate receptors within the ventral striatum: a microinfusion mapping study
Kelley, A. E., & Swanson, C. J. (1997) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(97)00054-5 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citation
Selective effects of naltrexone on food pleasantness and intake
Yeomans, M. R., & Gray, R. W. (1996) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)80017-5 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Activation of a subpopulation of orexin/hypocretin‐containing hypothalamic neurons by GABAA receptor‐mediated inhibition of the nucleus accumbens shell, but not by exposure to a novel environment
Baldo, B. A., Gual‐Bonilla, L., Sijapati, K. S., Daniel, R. A., Landry, C. F., & Kelley, A. E. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03093.x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Self-citation
Feeding induced by GABA-sub(A ) receptor stimulation within the nucleus accumbens shell: Regional mapping and characterization of macronutrient and taste preference.
Basso, A. M., & Kelley, A. E. (1999) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.113.2.324 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Neurobiology of Opiate Reinforcement
Shippenberg, T. S., & Elmer, G. I. (1998) · Critical Reviews in Neurobiology · doi:10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v12.i4.10 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Feeding induced by GABAA receptor stimulation within the nucleus accumbens shell: Regional mapping and characterization of macronutrient and taste preference.
Basso, A. M., & Kelley, A. E. (1999) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.113.2.324 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citation
Modulation by Central and Basolateral Amygdalar Nuclei of Dopaminergic Correlates of Feeding to Satiety in the Rat Nucleus Accumbens and Medial Prefrontal Cortex
Ahn, S., & Phillips, A. G. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-24-10958.2002 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
The amygdala is critical for opioid-mediated binge eating of fat
Will, M. J., Franzblau, E. B., & Kelley, A. E. (2004) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200408260-00004 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dynamic Changes in Acetylcholine Output in the Medial Striatum During Place Reversal LearningPreprint
Ragozzino, M. E., & Choi, D. (2004) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.65404 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Extracellular acetylcholine is increased in the nucleus accumbens following the presentation of an aversively conditioned taste stimulus
Mark, G. P., Weinberg, J. B., Rada, P. V., & Hoebel, B. G. (1995) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00401-b · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Effects of orexins/hypocretins on neuronal activity in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus in rats in vitro
Ishibashi, M., Takano, S., Yanagida, H., Takatsuna, M., Nakajima, K., Oomura, Y., Wayner, M. J., & Sasaki, K. (2004) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.10.014 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Psychopharmacology of conditioned reward: evidence for a rewarding signal at D 1 -like dopamine receptors
Sutton, M. A., & Beninger, R. J. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050982 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Acetylcholine actions in the dorsomedial striatum support the flexible shifting of response patterns
Ragozzino, M. E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/s1074-7427(03)00077-7 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Nucleus Accumbens Acetylcholine Regulates Appetitive Learning and Motivation for Food via Activation of Muscarinic Receptors.
Pratt, W. E., & Kelley, A. E. (2004) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.118.4.730 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citation
Regulation of the Subcellular Distribution of m4 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Striatal NeuronsIn Vivoby the Cholinergic Environment: Evidence for Regulation of Cell Surface Receptors by Endogenous and Exogenous Stimulation
Bernard, V., Levey, A. I., & Bloch, B. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-23-10237.1999 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Glutamate‐Mediated Plasticity in Corticostriatal Networks
Kelley, A. E., Andrzejewski, M. E., Baldwin, A. E., Hernandez, P. J., & Pratt, W. E. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1300.061 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prodynorphin mRNA expression is increased in the patch vs matrix compartment of the caudate nucleus in suicide subjects
Hurd, Y. L., Herman, M. M., Hyde, T. M., Bigelow, L. B., Weinberger, D. R., & Kleinman, J. E. (1997) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000319 · Cited by 75 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Increases in prodynorphin are invariably associated with aversive motivational states: increases are observed in the brains of suicide subjects and in drug withdrawal states and animal models of stress and depression (Hurd et al., 1997; Newton et al., 2002; Shirayama et al., 2004).”
Background
Behavior Elicited by Hypothalamic Stimulation
Valenstein, E. S. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Evolution · doi:10.1159/000125869 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Multiple opioid receptors mediate feeding elicited by mu and delta opioid receptor subtype agonists in the nucleus accumbens shell in rats
Ragnauth, A. K., Moroz, M., & Bodnar, R. J. (2000) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02631-7 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Differential role of the accumbens Shell and Core subterritories in food-entrained rhythms of rats
Mendoza, J., Castellanos, A., & Escobar, C. (2004) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2004.08.016 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The Cerebral Cortex and Parafascicular Thalamic Nucleus Facilitate In vivo Acetylcholine Release in the Rat Striatum through Distinct Glutamate Receptor Subtypes
Consolo, S., Baldi, G., Giorgi, S., & Nannini, L. (1996) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01565.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Muscarinic receptors regulate striatal neuropeptide gene expression in normal and amphetamine-treated rats
Wang, J. Q., & McGinty, J. F. (1996) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(96)00277-1 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The associative striatum: cortical and thalamic projections to the dorsocentral striatum in rats
Cheatwood, J. L., Reep, R. L., & Corwin, J. V. (2003) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)04212-9 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Role of the parafascicular thalamic nucleus and N-methyl-d-aspartate transmission in the D1-dependent control of in vivo acetylcholine release in rat striatum
Consolo, S., Baronio, P., Guidi, G., & Chiara, G. D. (1996) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(95)00421-1 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The Dual Peptidase Inhibitor RB101 Induces a Long‐Lasting Increase in the Extracellular Level of Met‐Enkephalin‐Like Material in the Nucleus Accumbens of Freely Moving Rats
Daugé, V., Mauborgne, A., Cesselin, F., Fournié‐Zaluski, M., & Roques, B. P. (1996) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67031301.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Invertebrate Learning: What Can't a Worm Learn?
Rankin, C. H. (2004) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.07.044 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Involvement of Thalamic Paraventricular Nucleus in the Anticipatory Reaction under Food Restriction in the Rat
Nakahara, K., FUKUI, K., & Murakami, N. (2004) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Science · doi:10.1292/jvms.66.1297 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Regulation of Neurotransmitter Interactions in the Ventral Striatum
McGinty, J. F. (1999) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09265.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Functional opioid pathways are necessary for hypocretin-1 (orexin-A)-induced feeding
Sweet, D. C., Levine, A. S., & Kotz, C. M. (2004) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2003.12.014 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The effect of naloxone on food-motivated behavior in the obese Zucker rat
Glass, M. J., O‘Hare, E., Cleary, J. P., Billington, C. J., & Levine, A. S. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050847 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Dietary Modulation Of Mu And Kappa Opioid Receptor-mediated Analgesia
Kanarek, R. B., Przypek, J., D’Anci, K. E., & Marks-Kaufman, R. (1997) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00470-4 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Endogenous expression of c-Fos in hypothalamic nuclei of neonatal rabbits coincides with their circadian pattern of suckling-associated arousal
Allingham, K., von Saldern, C., Brennan, P., Distel, H., & Hudson, R. (1998) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01379-6 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Acute and Chronic Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Regulates in Vivo the Localization and Abundance of Muscarinic Receptors m2 and m4 at the Cell Surface and in the Cytoplasm of Striatal Neurons
Liste, I., Bernard, V., & Bloch, B. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1006/mcne.2001.1083 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Accumbens cholinergic interneurons play a role in the regulation of body weight and metabolism
Hajnal, A. S., Székely, M., Gálosi, R., & Lénárd, L. (2000) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00236-5 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Synaptic relationships of enkephalinergic and cholinergic neurons in the nucleus accumbens of the rat
Meredith, G. E., & Chang, H. T. (1994) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91714-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cholinergic regulation of tachykinin- and enkephalin-gene expression in the rat striatum
Lucas, L., & Harlan, R. E. (1995) · Molecular Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0169-328x(94)00288-p · Cited by 22 · see citing works
μ opioid control of the N-methyl-d-aspartate-evoked release of [3h]-acetylcholine in the limbic territory of the rat striatum in vitro: diurnal variations and implication of a dopamine link
Jabourian, M., Bourgoin, S., Siaume‐Perez, S., Godeheu, G., Glowinski, J., & Kemel, M. L. (2003) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.10.017 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Diurnal rhythm of the in vivo release of enkephalin from the globus pallidus of the rat
Bayón, A., & Antón, B. (1986) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/0167-0115(86)90076-5 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Role of accumbens cholinergic interneurons in the maintenance of body weight.
Hajnal, A. S., Gálosi, R., & Lenard, L. G. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 128 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Are the Dorsal and Ventral Hippocampus Functionally Distinct Structures?
Fanselow, M. S., & Dong, H.-W. (2010) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.11.031 · Cited by 3,358 · see citing works
The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience
Berridge, K. C. (2007) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x · Cited by 2,347 · see citing works
Cancer-associated cachexia
Baracos, V. E., Martin, L., Korc, M., Guttridge, D. C., & Fearon, K. C. H. (2018) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.105 · Cited by 1,738 · see citing works
Evidence for sugar addiction: Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake
Avena, N. M., Rada, P., & Hoebel, B. G. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.019 · Cited by 1,358 · see citing works
“Liking” and “wanting” food rewards: Brain substrates and roles in eating disorders
Berridge, K. C. (2009) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.044 · Cited by 1,147 · see citing works
Reward Processing by the Opioid System in the Brain
Le Merrer, J., Becker, J. A. J., Befort, K., & Kieffer, B. L. (2009) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00005.2009 · Cited by 1,013 · see citing works
The tempted brain eats: Pleasure and desire circuits in obesity and eating disorders
Berridge, K. C., Ho, C.-Y., Richard, J. M., & DiFeliceantonio, A. G. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.003 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Stress-induced obesity and the emotional nervous system
Dallman, M. F. (2010) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2009.10.004 · Cited by 814 · see citing works
Corticostriatal-hypothalamic circuitry and food motivation: Integration of energy, action and reward
Kelley, A. E., Baldo, B. A., Pratt, W. E., & Will, M. J. (2005) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.08.066 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Self-citation
Arousal and reward: a dichotomy in orexin function
Harris, G. C., & Aston‐Jones, G. (2006) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.08.002 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Metabolic and hedonic drives in the neural control of appetite: who is the boss?
Berthoud, H. (2011) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2011.09.004 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Leptin Acts via Leptin Receptor-Expressing Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons to Modulate the Mesolimbic Dopamine System and Suppress Feeding
Leinninger, G. M., Jo, Y.-H., Leshan, R. L., Louis, G. W., Yang, H., Barrera, J. G., Wilson, H., Opland, D. M., Faouzi, M. A., Gong, Y., et al. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.06.011 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms of pavlovian and instrumental extinction learning
Bouton, M. E., Maren, S., & McNally, G. P. (2020) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00016.2020 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Placing the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus within the brain circuits that control behavior
Kirouac, G. J. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.08.005 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
“Liking” and “wanting” in eating and food reward: Brain mechanisms and clinical implications
Morales, I., & Berridge, K. C. (2020) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113152 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Three Pillars for the Neural Control of Appetite
Sternson, S. M., & Eiselt, A.-K. (2016) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-104948 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Lateral hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, and ventral pallidum roles in eating and hunger: interactions between homeostatic and reward circuitry
Castro, D. C., Cole, S. L., & Berridge, K. C. (2015) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2015.00090 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
A critical review of chronic stress effects on spatial learning and memory
Conrad, C. D. (2009) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.003 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
The neurobiology of social play and its rewarding value in rats
Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J., Achterberg, E. J. M., & Trezza, V. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.025 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Accumbal D1R Neurons Projecting to Lateral Hypothalamus Authorize Feeding
O’Connor, E. C., Kremer, Y., Lefort, S., Harada, M., Pascoli, V., Rohner, C., & Lüscher, C. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.038 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Discrete neurochemical coding of distinguishable motivational processes: insights from nucleus accumbens control of feeding
Baldo, B. A., & Kelley, A. E. (2007) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0741-z · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Neural Computational Model of Incentive Salience
Zhang, J., Berridge, K. C., Tindell, A. J., Smith, K. S., & Aldridge, J. W. (2009) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000437 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Projections of the paraventricular and paratenial nuclei of the dorsal midline thalamus in the rat
Vertes, R. P., & Hoover, W. B. (2008) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.21679 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
The Geometry of Leptin Action in the Brain: More Complicated Than a Simple ARC
Myers, M. G., Münzberg, H., Leinninger, G. M., & Leshan, R. L. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.12.001 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
After daily bingeing on a sucrose solution, food deprivation induces anxiety and accumbens dopamine/acetylcholine imbalance
Avena, N. M., Bocarsly, M. E., Rada, P., Kim, A., & Hoebel, B. G. (2008) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.01.008 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity
Berthoud, H.-R., Lenard, N. R., & Shin, A. C. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00028.2011 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
The impact of sugar consumption on stress driven, emotional and addictive behaviors
Jacques, A., Chaaya, N., Beecher, K., Ali, S. A., Belmer, A., & Bartlett, S. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.021 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Dysregulation of brain reward systems in eating disorders: Neurochemical information from animal models of binge eating, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa
Avena, N. M., & Bocarsly, M. E. (2011) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.11.010 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptors in Nucleus Accumbens Affect Food Intake
Dossat, A. M., Lilly, N., Kay, K. E., & Williams, D. L. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3262-11.2011 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
The lateral hypothalamus as integrator of metabolic and environmental needs: From electrical self-stimulation to opto-genetics
Berthoud, H.-R., & Münzberg, H. (2011) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.051 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Orexin Signaling in the Ventral Tegmental Area Is Required for High-Fat Appetite Induced by Opioid Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens
Zheng, H., Patterson, L. M., & Berthoud, H.-R. (2007) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3542-07.2007 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Hypothalamic Neural Circuits Regulating Maternal Responsiveness Toward Infants
Numan, M. (2006) · Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews · doi:10.1177/1534582306288790 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Stimuli Linked to Ethanol Availability Activate Hypothalamic CART and Orexin Neurons in a Reinstatement Model of Relapse
Dayas, C. V., McGranahan, T. M., Martin‐Fardon, R., & Weiss, F. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.002 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Homeostasis Meets Motivation in the Battle to Control Food Intake
Ferrario, C. R., Labouèbe, G., Liu, S., Nieh, E. H., Routh, V. H., Xu, S., & O’Connor, E. C. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2338-16.2016 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Cre recombinase-mediated restoration of nigrostriatal dopamine in dopamine-deficient mice reverses hypophagia and bradykinesia
Hnasko, T. S., Perez, F. A., Scouras, A. D., Stoll, E. A., Gale, S. D., Luquet, S. H., Phillips, P. E. M., Kremer, E. J., & Palmiter, R. D. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0603081103 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons are critically involved in learning to associate an environment with morphine reward
Harris, G. C. M., Wimmer, M. A., Randall-Thompson, J., & Aston‐Jones, G. (2007) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.05.025 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Serotonin, food intake, and obesity
van Galen, K. A., ter Horst, K. W., & Serlie, M. J. M. (2021) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13210 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Paraventricular Thalamus Projection Neurons Integrate Cortical and Hypothalamic Signals for Cue-Reward Processing
Otis, J. M., Zhu, M., Namboodiri, V. M. K., Cook, C. A., Kosyk, O., Matan, A. M., Ying, R., Hashikawa, Y., Hashikawa, K., Trujillo‐Pisanty, I., et al. (2019) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.018 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Cancer-Associated Cachexia and Underlying Biological Mechanisms
Baracos, V. E. (2006) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111151 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
CNS regulation of appetite
Harrold, J. A., Dovey, T. M., Blundell, J. E., & Halford, J. C. G. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.007 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Mapping brain circuits of reward and motivation: In the footsteps of Ann Kelley
Richard, J. M., Castro, D. C., DiFeliceantonio, A. G., Robinson, M. J. F., & Berridge, K. C. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.12.008 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Context, emotion, and the strategic pursuit of goals: interactions among multiple brain systems controlling motivated behavior
Gruber, A. J., & McDonald, R. J. (2012) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00050 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Hypothalamic glucose sensing: making ends meet
Routh, V. H., Hao, L., Santiago, A. M., Sheng, Z., & Zhou, C. (2014) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2014.00236 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
A Pause in Nucleus Accumbens Neuron Firing Is Required to Initiate and Maintain Feeding
Krause, M., German, P. W., Taha, S. A., & Fields, H. L. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0197-10.2010 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Understanding how opioids contribute to reward and analgesia
Fields, H. L. (2007) · Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine · doi:10.1097/00115550-200705000-00012 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Understanding How Opioids Contribute to Reward and Analgesia
Fields, H. L. (2007) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rapm.2007.01.001 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Neurobiological basis of individual variation in stimulus-reward learning
Flagel, S. B., & Robinson, T. E. (2017) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.12.004 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Prefrontal cortex-nucleus accumbens interaction: in vivo modulation by dopamine and glutamate in the prefrontal cortex
Del Arco, A., & Mora, F. (2008) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2008.04.011 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Restricted feeding schedules phase shift daily rhythms of c-Fos and protein Per1 immunoreactivity in corticolimbic regions in rats
Castellanos, A., Mendoza, J., & Escobar, C. (2006) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.08.064 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Hormone Interactions Regulating Energy Balance During Pregnancy
Ladyman, S. R., Augustine, R. A., & Grattan, D. R. (2010) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2010.02017.x · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Natural Addiction
Hoebel, B. G., Avena, N. M., Bocarsly, M. E., & Rada, P. V. (2009) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0b013e31819aa621 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
An Orexin Hotspot in Ventral Pallidum Amplifies Hedonic ‘Liking’ for Sweetness
Ho, C., & Berridge, K. C. (2013) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2013.62 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Caloric Restriction Experience Reprograms Stress and Orexigenic Pathways and Promotes Binge Eating
Pankevich, D. E., Teegarden, S. L., Hedin, A. D., Jensen, C. L., & Bale, T. L. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1955-10.2010 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
A food predictive cue must be attributed with incentive salience for it to induce c-fos mRNA expression in cortico-striatal-thalamic brain regions
Flagel, S. B., Cameron, C., Pickup, K. N., Watson, S. J., Akil, H., & Robinson, T. E. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.004 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Leptin and the brain: Influences on brain development, cognitive functioning and psychiatric disorders
Farr, O. M., Tsoukas, M. A., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2014) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2014.07.004 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
From Passive Overeating to “Food Addiction”: A Spectrum of Compulsion and Severity
Davis, C. A. (2013) · ISRN Obesity · doi:10.1155/2013/435027 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Orexin-1 receptor signalling within the ventral tegmental area, but not the paraventricular thalamus, is critical to regulating cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking
James, M. H., Charnley, J. L., Levi, E. M., Jones, E., Yeoh, J. W., Smith, D. W., & Dayas, C. V. (2011) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145711000423 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Paraventricular thalamus: Gateway to feeding, appetitive motivation, and drug addiction
Millan, E. Z., Ong, Z. Y., & McNally, G. P. (2017) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.07.006 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus: an integrative node underlying homeostatic behavior
Penzo, M. A., & Gao, C. (2021) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2021.03.001 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Orexin in Rostral Hotspot of Nucleus Accumbens Enhances Sucrose ‘Liking’ and Intake but Scopolamine in Caudal Shell Shifts ‘Liking’ Toward ‘Disgust’ and ‘Fear’
Castro, D. C., Terry, R. A., & Berridge, K. C. (2016) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.10 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Paraventricular thalamic nucleus: Subcortical connections and innervation by serotonin, orexin, and corticotropin‐releasing hormone in macaque monkeys
Hsu, D. T., & Price, J. L. (2009) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.21934 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ventral Tegmental Area Leptin Receptor Neurons Specifically Project to and Regulate Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Neurons of the Extended Central Amygdala
Leshan, R. L., Opland, D. M., Louis, G. W., Leinninger, G. M., Patterson, C. M., Rhodes, C. J., Münzberg, H., & Myers, M. G. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1001-10.2010 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Immunostaining of rat brain, spinal cord, sensory neurons and skeletal muscle for calcium channel alpha2-delta (α2-δ) type 1 protein
Taylor, C. P., & Garrido, R. (2008) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.05.053 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Thalamic neuromodulation and its implications for executive networks
Varela, C. (2014) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00069 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Enkephalin Surges in Dorsal Neostriatum as a Signal to Eat
DiFeliceantonio, A. G., Mabrouk, O. S., Kennedy, R. T., & Berridge, K. C. (2012) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.014 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Optogenetic self-stimulation in the nucleus accumbens: D1 reward versus D2 ambivalence
Cole, S. L., Robinson, M. J. F., & Berridge, K. C. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207694 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Orexin signaling in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus modulates mesolimbic dopamine and hedonic feeding in the rat
Choi, D. L., Davis, J. F., Magrisso, I. J., Fitzgerald, M. E., Lipton, J. W., & Benoit, S. C. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.02.036 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Direct Innervation and Modulation of Orexin Neurons by Lateral Hypothalamic LepRb Neurons
Louis, G. W., Leinninger, G. M., Rhodes, C. J., & Myers, M. G. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1340-10.2010 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
The selfish brain: Competition for energy resources
Peters, A. (2010) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.21106 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Paraventricular Thalamus Balances Danger and Reward
Choi, E. A., & McNally, G. P. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3320-16.2017 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
The importance of having two X chromosomes
Arnold, A. P., Reue, K., Eghbali, M., Vilain, E., Chen, X., Ghahramani, N., Itoh, Y., Li, J., Link, J. C., Ngun, T., et al. (2016) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0113 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Limbic thalamus and state-dependent behavior: The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamic midline as a node in circadian timing and sleep/wake-regulatory networks
Colavito, V., Tesoriero, C., Wirtu, A. T., Grassi-Zucconi, G., & Bentivoglio, M. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.11.021 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Role of innate and drug-induced dysregulation of brain stress and arousal systems in addiction: focus on corticotropin-releasing factor, nociceptin/orphanin FQ, and orexin/hypocretin
Martin-Fardon, R., Zorrilla, E. P., Ciccocioppo, R., & Weiss, F. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.12.027 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Modulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system by leptin
Opland, D. M., Leinninger, G. M., & Myers (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.028 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Hedonics of Food Consumption: Are Food ‘Liking’ and ‘Wanting’ Viable Targets for Appetite Control in the Obese?
Finlayson, G., & Dalton, M. (2012) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-011-0007-2 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART) Signaling within the Paraventricular Thalamus Modulates Cocaine-Seeking Behaviour
James, M. H., Charnley, J. L., Jones, E., Levi, E. M., Yeoh, J. W., Flynn, J. R., Smith, D. W., & Dayas, C. V. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012980 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Paraventricular Thalamic Control of Food Intake and Reward: Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Signaling
Ong, Z. Y., Liu, J.-J., Pang, Z. P., & Grill, H. J. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2017.150 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Cognitive and autonomic determinants of energy homeostasis in obesity
Richard, D. (2015) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2015.103 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Mechanisms underlying current and future anti-obesity drugs
Adan, R. A. H. (2013) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2012.12.001 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Spontaneous activity, economy of activity, and resistance to diet-induced obesity in rats bred for high intrinsic aerobic capacity
Novak, C. M., Escande, C., Burghardt, P. R., Zhang, M., Barbosa, M. T., Chini, E. N., Britton, S. L., Koch, L. G., Akil, H., & Levine, J. A. (2010) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.03.013 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
From taste hedonics to motivational drive: central μ-opioid receptors and binge-eating behaviour
Nathan, P. J., & Bullmore, E. T. (2009) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s146114570900039x · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Metabolism of Amino Acids in the Brain and Their Roles in Regulating Food Intake
He, W., & Wu, G. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_10 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Dissecting the cannabinergic control of behavior: The where matters
Busquets-García, A., Desprez, T., Metna‐Laurent, M., Bellocchio, L., Marsicano, G., & Gómez, E. S. (2015) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.201500046 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Neurobiology of hyperactivity and reward: Agreeable restlessness in Anorexia Nervosa
Scheurink, A. J. W., Boersma, G. J., Nergårdh, R., & Södersten, P. (2010) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.03.016 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Calretinin Neurons in the Midline Thalamus Modulate Starvation-Induced Arousal
Hua, R., Wang, X., Chen, X., Wang, X., Huang, P., Li, P., Mei, W., & Li, H. (2018) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.020 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
An excitatory ventromedial hypothalamus to paraventricular thalamus circuit that suppresses food intake
Zhang, J., Chen, D., Sweeney, P. R., & Yang, Y. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20093-4 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Metabolic vs. hedonic obesity: a conceptual distinction and its clinical implications
Yu, Y., Vasselli, J. R., Zhang, Y., Mechanick, J. I., Körner, J., & Peterli, R. (2015) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12246 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
An endogenous opioid circuit determines state-dependent reward consumption
Castro, D. C., Oswell, C. S., Zhang, E. T., Pedersen, C. E., Piantadosi, S. C., Rossi, M. A., Hunker, A. C., Guglin, A., Morón, J. A., Zweifel, L. S., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04013-0 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
μ-Opioid receptors within subregions of the striatum mediate pair bond formation through parallel yet distinct reward mechanisms
Resendez, S. L., Dome, M., Gormley, G., Franco, D., Nevárez, N., Hamid, A. A., & Aragona, B. J. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4123-12.2013 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus as an interface between the orexin and CART peptides and the shell of the nucleus accumbens
Parsons, M. P., Li, S., & Kirouac, G. J. (2006) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.20264 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Arcuate AgRP neurons and the regulation of energy balance
Cansell, C., Denis, R., Joly‐Amado, A., Castel, J., & Luquet, S. H. (2012) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2012.00169 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2005
Bodnar, R. J., & Klein, G. E. (2006) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2006.07.011 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Getting beneath the Phenotype of Anorexia Nervosa: The Search for Viable Endophenotypes and Genotypes
Treasure, J. (2007) · Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · doi:10.1177/070674370705200402 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the Integration of Neural and Endocrine Responses to Stress
Diz-Chaves, Y., Herrera-Pérez, S., González-Matías, L. C., Lamas, J. A., & Mallo, F. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113304 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The paraventricular thalamic nucleus: A key hub of neural circuits underlying drug addiction
Zhou, K., & Zhu, Y. (2019) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.014 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Structural and functional organization of the midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus
Vertes, R. P., Linley, S. B., & Rojas, A. K. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.964644 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
THE FOOD-ENTRAINABLE OSCILLATOR: A NETWORK OF INTERCONNECTED BRAIN STRUCTURES ENTRAINED BY HUMORAL SIGNALS?
Carneiro, B. T. S., & Araújo, J. F. (2009) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420520903404480 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Role of the ventral striatum in developing anorexia nervosa
Fladung, A.-K., Schulze, U., Schöll, F., Bauer, K., & Grön, G. (2013) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2013.88 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Neuroanatomy of melanocortin‐4 receptor pathway in the lateral hypothalamic area
Cui, H., Sohn, J. W., Gautron, L., Funahashi, H., Williams, K. W., Elmquist, J. K., & Lutter, M. L. (2012) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.23145 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Orexin/hypocretin (Orx/Hcrt) transmission and drug-seeking behavior: is the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) part of the drug seeking circuitry?
Martin‐Fardon, R., & Boutrel, B. (2012) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00075 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Corticostriatal-hypothalamic circuitry and food motivation: Integration of energy, action and reward
Kelley, A. E., Baldo, B. A., Pratt, W. E., & Will, M. J. (2005) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.08.066 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Self-citation
Striatal opioid peptide gene expression differentially tracks short-term satiety but does not vary with negative energy balance in a manner opposite to hypothalamic NPY
Will, M. J., Vanderheyden, W. M., & Kelley, A. E. (2006) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00852.2005 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
Striatal muscarinic receptor antagonism reduces 24‐h food intake in association with decreased preproenkephalin gene expression
Pratt, W. E., & Kelley, A. E. (2005) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04489.x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citation
La recette de la choucroute royale
Gouilly, P. (2009) · Kinésithérapie la Revue · doi:10.1016/s1779-0123(09)70811-3
Restricted daily consumption of a highly palatable food (chocolate Ensure®) alters striatal enkephalin gene expression
Kelley, A. E., Will, M. J., Steininger, T. L., Zhang, M., & Haber, S. N. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02991.x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Kelley, A. E., Baldo, B. A., & Pratt, W. E.
Affiliations: University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author: Kelley, Ann E.
ORCID: Baldo, Brian A.
Pratt, Wayne E.
Venue: Journal of Comparative Neurology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-10-27
Volume: 493
Issue: 1
Pages: 72-85
ISSN: 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
1096-9861
DOI: 10.1002/cne.20769
OpenAlex: W2153161303
Cited by: 352
References: 128
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 5.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1f32mh068981-01a2)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH068981)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-04788)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: basal ganglia function, food reward, energy balance, arousal, food intake regulation, paraventricular thalamus, cholinergic interneurons, orexin, motivational states, ovariectomized rats, overeating, circadian clock
MeSH terms: Acetylcholine, Animals, Arousal, Dopamine, Dynorphins, Energy Metabolism, Enkephalins, Food, Hypothalamus, Models, Biological, Narcotics, Nucleus Accumbens, Protein Precursors, Reward, RNA, Messenger, Thalamus, Receptors, Opioid, kappa, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A proposed hypothalamic–thalamic–striatal axis for the integration of energy balance, arousal, and food reward

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks