Brain functional correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood: Development of Emotion Regulation
Open accessAbstract
Few studies have examined the neural correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood. Existing studies of cognitive reappraisal indicate that improvements in regulatory efficiency may develop linearly across this period, in accordance with maturation of prefrontal cortical systems. However, there is also evidence for adolescent differences in reappraisal specific to the activation of "social-information processing network" regions, including the amygdala and temporal-occipital cortices. Here, we use fMRI to examine the neural correlates of emotional reactivity and reappraisal in response to aversive social imagery in a group of 78 adolescents and young adults aged 15-25 years. Within the group, younger participants exhibited greater activation of temporal-occipital brain regions during reappraisal in combination with weaker suppression of amygdala reactivity-the latter being a general correlate of successful reappraisal. Further analyses demonstrated that these age-related influences on amygdala reactivity were specifically mediated by activation of the fusiform face area. Overall, these findings suggest that enhanced processing of salient social cues (i.e., faces) increases reactivity of the amygdala during reappraisal and that this relationship is stronger in younger adolescents. How these relationships contribute to well-known vulnerabilities of emotion regulation during this developmental period will be an important topic for ongoing research.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
On voluntary emotion regulation tasks, TD youth show greater amygdala downregulation, increased lPFC recruitment, and increased amygdala-lPFC coupling with age.
“On voluntary emotion regulation (reappraisal) tasks, TD youth show greater amygdala downregulation [28–30], increased lateral (l)PFC recruitment, and increased amygdala-lPFC coupling [26,28] with age.”
From Trauma, PTSD, and the Developing Brain (2017) · cites this paper as [30]
The fMRI Analyses section reports that older participants showed greater right-amygdala downregulation during reappraisal. The paper does not find increasing lateral PFC recruitment with age in its own sample, and its PPI Analysis reports no significant age-related change in amygdala–left dlPFC connectivity. Those two parts of the claim are not supported by this study. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAge-related improvements in cognitive regulation of emotion are associated with reduced amygdala activation.
“Age-related improvements in cognitive regulation of emotion are also associated with reduced amygdala activation [34,93]”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [93]
The behavioral ability to down-regulate negative emotion, decrease amygdala activation, and increase activity in lateral prefrontal regions tracks with age.
“Data suggest that the behavioral ability to down-regulate negative emotion, decrease amygdala activation [25] and increase activity in lateral prefrontal regions tracks with age [26,27].”
From The neuroscience of emotion regulation development: Implications for education (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood
Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., Nugent, T. F., Herman, D. H., Clasen, L. S., Toga, A. W., et al. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0402680101 · Cited by 5,604 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Finally, neuroimaging studies of human brain development have consistently shown that maturation of prefrontal and lateral temporal regions continues well into early adulthood and thus developmental studies of emotion regulation abilities should ideally extend into this period [Gogtay et al., 2004; Pujol et al., 1993;…”
BackgroundBrain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study
Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N. O., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., Paus, T., Evans, A. C., & Rapoport, J. L. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/13158 · Cited by 5,552 · see citing works
The cognitive control of emotion
OCHSNER, K., & GROSS, J. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.010 · Cited by 4,495 · see citing works
A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking
Steinberg, L. (2008) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.002 · Cited by 3,644 · see citing works
Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., & Hare, T. A. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1440.010 · Cited by 3,345 · see citing works
Why do many psychiatric disorders emerge during adolescence?
Paus, T., Keshavan, M., & Giedd, J. N. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2513 · Cited by 3,123 · see citing works
Psychophysiological and Modulatory Interactions in Neuroimaging
Friston, K. J., Buechel, C., Fink, G. R., Morris, J., Rolls, E., & Dolan, R. J. (1997) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0291 · Cited by 3,097 · see citing works
Rethinking feelings: an fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion
Ochsner, K. N., Bunge, S. A., Gross, J. J., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892902760807212 · Cited by 2,520 · see citing works
Understanding adolescence as a period of social–affective engagement and goal flexibility
Crone, E. A., & Dahl, R. E. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3313 · Cited by 2,507 · see citing works
Social perception from visual cues: Role of the STS region
Allison, T., Puce, A., & McCarthy, G. (2000) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01501-1 · Cited by 2,461 · see citing works
Mapping cortical change across the human life span
Sowell, E. R., Peterson, B. S., Thompson, P. M., Welcome, S. E., Henkenius, A. L., & Toga, A. W. (2003) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1008 · Cited by 2,328 · see citing works
Ochsner, K. N., Ray, R. D., Cooper, J. C., Robertson, E. R., Chopra, S., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Gross, J. J. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.030 · Cited by 2,113 · see citing works
The social brain in adolescence
Blakemore, S.-J. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2353 · Cited by 1,896 · see citing works
Cognitive Reappraisal of Emotion: A Meta-Analysis of Human Neuroimaging Studies
Buhle, J. T., Silvers, J. A., Wager, T. D., Lopez, R., Onyemekwu, C., Kober, H., Weber, J., & Ochsner, K. N. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bht154 · Cited by 1,896 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Importantly, recent work has indicated that temporal cortical regions, as identified in our age-related analysis, might be particularly important to transformations of stimulus meaning that enable emotional change [Buhle et al., 2014; Ochsner et al., 2012].”
BackgroundMethodThe Neural Bases of Emotion Regulation: Reappraisal and Suppression of Negative Emotion
Goldin, P. R., McRae, K., Ramel, W., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.05.031 · Cited by 1,886 · see citing works
Ochsner, K. N., Silvers, J. A., & Buhle, J. T. (2012) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06751.x · Cited by 1,879 · see citing works
The Neural Basis of Mentalizing
Frith, C. D., & Frith, U. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.05.001 · Cited by 1,855 · see citing works
Meta-analyzing left hemisphere language areas: phonology, semantics, and sentence processing.
Vigneau, M., Beaucousin, V., Hervé, P. Y., Duffau, H., Crivello, F., Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.002 · Cited by 1,851 · see citing works
Prefrontal-Subcortical Pathways Mediating Successful Emotion Regulation
Wager, T. D., Davidson, M. L., Hughes, B. L., Lindquist, M. A., & Ochsner, K. N. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.006 · Cited by 1,761 · cited 3× · see citing works
“001 and at least three contiguous voxels [Wager et al., 2008].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAdolescent storm and stress, reconsidered
Arnett, J. J. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.5.317 · Cited by 1,708 · see citing works
Effects of Attention and Emotion on Face Processing in the Human Brain
Vuilleumier, P., Armony, J. L., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2001) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00328-2 · Cited by 1,664 · see citing works
Phillips, M. L., Ladouceur, C. D., & Drevets, W. C. (2008) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2008.65 · Cited by 1,383 · see citing works
The Enigmatic temporal pole: a review of findings on social and emotional processing
Olson, I. R., Plotzker, A., & Ezzyat, Y. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm052 · Cited by 1,370 · see citing works
Lesions of the human amygdala impair enhanced perception of emotionally salient events
Anderson, A. K., & Phelps, E. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35077083 · Cited by 1,335 · see citing works
Understanding others' actions and goals by mirror and mentalizing systems: a meta-analysis
Van Overwalle, F., & Baetens, K. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.06.009 · Cited by 1,329 · see citing works
Human neural systems for face recognition and social communication
Haxby, J. V., Hoffman, E. A., & Gobbini, M. I. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01330-0 · Cited by 1,287 · see citing works
Adolescents' Emotion Regulation in Daily Life: Links to Depressive Symptoms and Problem Behavior
Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2003) · Child Development · doi:10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00643.x · Cited by 1,216 · see citing works
Singer, T. (2006) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.011 · Cited by 1,079 · see citing works
NELSON, E. E., LEIBENLUFT, E., McCLURE, E. B., & PINE, D. S. (2005) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291704003915 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
Urry, H. L., van Reekum, C. M., Johnstone, T., Kalin, N. H., Thurow, M. E., Schaefer, H. S., Jackson, C. A., Frye, C. J., Greischar, L. L., Alexander, A. L., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3215-05.2006 · Cited by 1,056 · see citing works
Johnstone, T., van Reekum, C. M., Urry, H. L., Kalin, N. H., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2063-07.2007 · Cited by 1,051 · see citing works
Adolescent Romantic Relationships
Collins, W. A., Welsh, D. P., & Furman, W. (2009) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163459 · Cited by 1,044 · see citing works
Somerville, L. H., Jones, R. M., & Casey, B. J. (2010) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.07.003 · Cited by 1,025 · see citing works
Cognitive Emotion Regulation: Insights From Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
Ochsner, K. N., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00566.x · Cited by 988 · see citing works
Hare, T. A., Tottenham, N., Galvan, A., Voss, H. U., Glover, G. H., & Casey, B. J. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.03.015 · Cited by 928 · see citing works
Sergerie, K., Chochol, C., & Armony, J. L. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.12.002 · Cited by 917 · see citing works
Adolescents' Relationships with Peers
Brown, B. B. (2004) · doi:10.1002/9780471726746.ch12 · Cited by 913 · see citing works
Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal
McRae, K., Ochsner, K. N., Mauss, I. B., Gabrieli, J. J. D., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430207088035 · Cited by 910 · cited 2× · see citing works
“During reappraisal, the generation of new appraisals consistently activates a distributed network of prefrontal and parietal cortical brain regions [Kalisch, 2009; Ochsner and Gross, 2008], which in turn modulates (or “down-regulates”) neural indicators of affective responding, such as functional activation in the amy…”
BackgroundPhan, K. L., Fitzgerald, D. A., Nathan, P. J., Moore, G. J., Uhde, T. W., & Tancer, M. E. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.030 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
The fusiform “face area” is part of a network that processes faces at the individual level
Gauthier, I., Tarr, M. J., Moylan, J., Skudlarski, P., Gore, J. C., & Anderson, A. W. (2000) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892900562165 · Cited by 859 · see citing works
A Developmental Shift from Positive to Negative Connectivity in Human Amygdala–Prefrontal Circuitry
Gee, D. G., Humphreys, K. L., Flannery, J., Goff, B., Telzer, E. H., Shapiro, M., Hare, T. A., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Tottenham, N. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3446-12.2013 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Monroe, S. M., & Harkness, K. L. (2005) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.112.2.417 · Cited by 693 · see citing works
Are there theory of mind regions in the brain? A review of the neuroimaging literature
Carrington, S., & Bailey, A. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20671 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
McRae, K., Gross, J. J., Weber, J., Robertson, E. R., Sokol-Hessner, P., Ray, R. D., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Ochsner, K. N. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr093 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
How to Regulate Emotion? Neural Networks for Reappraisal and Distraction
Kanske, P., Heissler, J., Schönfelder, S., Bongers, A., & Wessa, M. (2011) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhq216 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Young, L., Camprodon, J. A., Hauser, M., Pascual-Leone, A., & Saxe, R. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0914826107 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
A Developmental fMRI Study of the Stroop Color-Word Task
Adleman, N. E., Menon, V., Blasey, C. M., White, C. D., Warsofsky, I. S., Glover, G. H., & Reiss, A. L. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.1046 · Cited by 569 · see citing works
Continuity, stability, and change in daily emotional experience across adolescence
Larson, R. W., Moneta, G., Richards, M. H., & Wilson, S. (2002) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00464 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Silvers, J. A., McRae, K., Gabrieli, J. D. E., Gross, J. J., Remy, K. A., & Ochsner, K. N. (2012) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0028297 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Divergent realities: the emotional lives of mothers, fathers, and adolescents
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-2436 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Unipolar Depression in Adolescents: Clinical Outcome in Adulthood
Rao, U., Ryan, N. D., Birmaher, B. B., Dahl, R. E., Williamson, D. E., Kaufman, J., Rao, R., & Nelson, B. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199505000-00009 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
The storm and stress of adolescence: insights from human imaging and mouse genetics
Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., Levita, L., Libby, V., Pattwell, S. S., Ruberry, E. J., Soliman, F., & Somerville, L. H. (2010) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20447 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Effective Connectivity within the Distributed Cortical Network for Face Perception
Fairhall, S. L., & Ishai, A. (2007) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl148 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
Adolescent immaturity in attention-related brain engagement to emotional facial expressions
Monk, C. S., McClure, E. B., Nelson, E. E., Zarahn, E., Bilder, R. M., Leibenluft, E., Charney, D. S., Ernst, M., & Pine, D. S. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00355-0 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Neurocognitive development of the ability to manipulate information in working memory
Crone, E. A., Wendelken, C., Donohue, S. E., Leijenhorst, L. V., & Bunge, S. A. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0510088103 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Emotion regulation: quantitative meta-analysis of functional activation and deactivation
Frank, D. W., Dewitt, M., Hudgens-Haney, M., Schaeffer, D. J., Ball, B. H., Schwarz, N. F., Hussein, A. A., Smart, L. M., & Sabatinelli, D. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.06.010 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Beyond threat: amygdala reactivity across multiple expressions of facial affect
Fitzgerald, D. A., Angstadt, M., Jelsone, L. M., Nathan, P. J., & Phan, K. L. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.003 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Fear is only as deep as the mind allows
Diekhof, E. K., Geier, K., Falkai, P., & Gruber, O. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.073 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Dahl, R. E., & Gunnar, M. R. (2009) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579409000017 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
When does human brain development end? Evidence of corpus callosum growth up to adulthood
Pujol, J., Vendrell, P., Junqué, C., Jl, M.-V., & Capdevila, A. (1993) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410340113 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Self-citationImmaturities in reward processing and its influence on inhibitory control in adolescence.
Geier, C. F., Terwilliger, R., Teslovich, T., Velanova, K., & Luna, B. (2010) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp225 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Burnett, S., Sebastian, C., Cohen Kadosh, K., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.011 · Cited by 391 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…we hypothesized developmental effects in a broader network of neural regions, particularly regions within the “social-information processing network,” that are associated with social processing and attention to biologically salient visual imagery [Burnett et al., 2011; Scherf et al., 2012].”
BackgroundThe functional neuroanatomy of reappraisal: Time matters
Kalisch, R. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.06.003 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Davey, C. G., Yücel, M., & Allen, N. B. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.016 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Self-citationPhillips, M. L., Ladouceur, C. D., & Drevets, W. C. (2008) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2008.82 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
A developmental examination of amygdala response to facial expressions
Guyer, A. E., Monk, C. S., McClure-Tone, E. B., Nelson, E. E., Roberson-Nay, R., Adler, A. D., Fromm, S. J., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Ernst, M. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20114 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Monk, C. S., Klein, R. G., Telzer, E. H., Schroth, E. A., Mannuzza, S., Moulton, J. L., Guardino, M., Masten, C. L., McClure-Tone, E. B., Fromm, S., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06111917 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Individual differences in trait rumination and the neural systems supporting cognitive reappraisal
RAY, R. D., OCHSNER, K. N., COOPER, J. C., ROBERTSON, E. R., GABRIELI, J. D. E., & GROSS, J. J. (2005) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.5.2.156 · Cited by 316 · cited 1× · see citing works
“It has been theorized that reappraisal alters the signaling properties of aversive stimuli, thereby modulating emotional responding in the amygdala accordingly [Diekhof et al., 2011; Ochsner and Gross, 2005; Ray et al., 2005].”
BackgroundMotivational Salience: Amygdala Tuning From Traits, Needs, Values, and Goals
Cunningham, W. A., & Brosch, T. (2012) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721411430832 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Modulation of Amygdalar Activity by the Conscious Regulation of Negative Emotion
Schaefer, S. M., Jackson, D. C., Davidson, R. J., Aguirre, G. K., Kimberg, D. Y., & Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892902760191135 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Prinstein, M. J., & Aikins, J. W. (2004) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1023/b:jacp.0000019767.55592.63 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Mood variability and the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents
Larson, R. W., Csíkszentmihályi, M., & Graef, R. (1980) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/bf02089885 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
van Reekum, C. M., Johnstone, T., Urry, H. L., Thurow, M. E., Schaefer, H. S., Alexander, A. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.052 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Evidence for attention to threatening stimuli in depression.
Mathews, A., Ridgeway, V., & Williamson, D. (1996) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(96)00046-0 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Sex-specific developmental changes in amygdala responses to affective faces
Killgore, W. D. S., Oki, M., & Yurgelun-Todd, D. A. (2001) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200102120-00047 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Stability and Change in Peer Relationships During the Transition to Middle-Level School
Hardy, C. L., Bukowski, W. M., & Sippola, L. K. (2002) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431602022002001 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Daily Emotional States as Reported by Children and Adolescents
Larson, R. W., & Lampman-Petraitis, C. (1989) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1989.tb03555.x · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Daily emotional states as reported by children and adolescents
Larson, R., & Lampman-Petraitis, C. (1989) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130798 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Psychiatric Epidemiology: It’s Not Just About Counting Anymore
Insel, T. R., & Fenton, W. S. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.590 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Scherf, K. S., Behrmann, M., & Dahl, R. E. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.07.016 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Functional differences in emotion processing during adolescence and early adulthood
Vink, M., Derks, J. M., Hoogendam, J. M., Hillegers, M., & Kahn, R. S. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.035 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Geday, J., GJEDDE, A. H., Boldsen, A.-S., & Kupers, R. C. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(02)00038-1 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Vrtička, P., Sander, D., & Vuilleumier, P. (2011) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.020 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental changes in verbal working memory load-dependency: An fMRI investigation
O’Hare, E. D., Lu, L. H., Houston, S. M., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Sowell, E. R. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.057 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Yap, M. B. H., Schwartz, O. S., Byrne, M. L., Simmons, J. G., & Allen, N. B. (2010) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00665.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Processing of Facial Emotion in the Human Fusiform Gyrus
Kawasaki, H., Tsuchiya, N., Kovach, C. K., Nourski, K. V., Oya, H., Howard, M. A., & Adolphs, R. (2011) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00175 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
How grossed out are you? The neural bases of emotion regulation from childhood to adolescence
Pitskel, N. B., Bolling, D. Z., Kaiser, M. D., Crowley, M. J., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.03.004 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Peer Status and Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents
Hecht, D. B., Inderbitzen, H. M., & Bukowski, A. L. (1998) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1022626023239 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The amygdala and the experience of affect
Barrett, L. F., Bliss‐Moreau, E., Duncan, S., Rauch, S. L., & Wright, C. I. (2007) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsl042 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Pujol, J., Harrison, B. J., Ortiz, H., Deus, J., Soriano‐Mas, C., López‐Solà, M., Yücel, M., Perich, X., & Cardoner, N. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170800500x · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationTime-varying amygdala response to emotional faces in generalized social phobia
Campbell, D. W., Sareen, J., Paulus, M. P., Goldin, P. R., Stein, M. B., & Reiss, J. P. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.017 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Cardoner, N., Harrison, B. J., Pujol, J., Soriano‐Mas, C., Hernández‐Ribas, R., López‐Solà, M., Real, E., Deus, J., Ortiz, H., Alonso, P., et al. (2011) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2011.559268 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationThe fusiform response to faces: Explicit versus implicit processing of emotion
Monroe, J. F., Griffin, M., Pinkham, A. E., Loughead, J., Gur, R. C., Roberts, T. P. L., & Edgar, J. C. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21406 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The eyes have it: The role of attention in cognitive reappraisal of social stimuli
Manera, V., Samson, A. C., Pehrs, C., Lee, I. A., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0037350 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Enhanced right amygdala activity in adolescents during encoding of positively-valenced pictures
Vasa, R. A., Pine, D. S., Thorn, J. M., Nelson, T. E., Spinelli, S., Nelson, E., Maheu, F. S., Ernst, M., Bruck, M., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2010.08.004 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Ups and Downs of Emotion Regulation
Carter, C. S. (2009) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.12.023 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Bettis, A. H., Watson, K. H., Gruhn, M. A., Dunbar, J. P., Williams, E., & Thigpen, J. C. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000110 · Cited by 1,555 · see citing works
“A consistent pattern of findings has emerged, suggesting that increased activation during reappraisal of emotional stimuli occurs in several areas of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), including the ventromedial, ventrolateral, and dorsolateral PFC (e.g., Belden et al., 2014, 2015; Dougherty et al., 2015; McRae et al., 2012…”
BackgroundPositive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression
Young, K., Sandman, C., & Craske, M. (2019) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci9040076 · Cited by 485 · see citing works
Adolescence as a pivotal period for emotion regulation development
Silvers, J. A. (2022) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.023 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Navigating the Social Environment in Adolescence: The Role of Social Brain Development
Andrews, J. L., Ahmed, S. P., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.012 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Trauma, PTSD, and the Developing Brain
Herringa, R. J. (2017) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0825-3 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
The neuroscience of emotion regulation development: Implications for education
Martin, R. E., & Ochsner, K. N. (2016) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.06.006 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Hard to look on the bright side: Neural correlates of impaired emotion regulation in depressed youth
Stephanou, K., Davey, C. G., Kerestes, R., Whittle, S., & Harrison, B. J. (2017) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsx039 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationDynamic Neural Interactions Supporting the Cognitive Reappraisal of Emotion
Steward, T., Davey, C. G., Jamieson, A. J., Stephanou, K., Soriano-Mas, C., Felmingham, K. L., & Harrison, B. J. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa268 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationPetrican, R., Taylor, M. J., & Grady, C. L. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.025 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
LeWinn, K. Z., Strigo, I. A., Connolly, C. G., Ho, T. C., Tymofiyeva, O., Sacchet, M. D., Weng, H. Y., Blom, E. H., Simmons, A. N., & Yang, T. T. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.020 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Serotonergic neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity
Higa, G. S. V., Viana, F. J. C., Francis-Oliveira, J., Cruvinel, E., Franchin, T. S., Marcourakis, T., Ulrich, H., & De Pasquale, R. (2024) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110036 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Malhi, G. S., Das, P., Outhred, T., Bryant, R. A., & Calhoun, V. (2020) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2019.255 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Stephanou, K., Davey, C. G., Kerestes, R., Whittle, S., Pujol, J., Yücel, M., Fornito, A., López-Solà, M., & Harrison, B. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- MRI Research Unit; Hospital Del Mar; Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-11-24
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-19
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6867496
- OpenAlex
- W2173228459
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) (1064643)
- NHMRC Clinical Career Development Fellowship (628509)
- Beatriu de Pinós-A of the Government of Catalunya (2010_BP_A_00136)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal, adolescence, early adulthood, amygdala reactivity, fusiform face area, emotional reactivity, face processing, brain maturation, prefrontal cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Emotions, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Photic Stimulation, Statistics as Topic, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
