Cited by 109Extracellular vesicles in diseaseNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Strategies for the use of Extracellular Vesicles for the Delivery of Therapeutics

Open access
Sil, Susmita, Dagur, Raghubendra Singh, Liao, Ke, Peeples, Eric S., Hu, Guoku, Periyasamy, Palsamy, Buch, Shilpa·2020·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized, membrane-bound vesicles released from eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells that can transport cargo containing DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins, between cells as a means of intercellular communication. Although EVs were initially considered to be cellular debris deprived of any essential biological functions, emerging literature highlights the critical roles of EVs in the context of intercellular signaling, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, modulation of immune responses, inflammation, cancer progression, angiogenesis, and coagulation under both physiological and pathological states. Based on the ability of EVs to shuttle proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs, chromosomal DNA, and mitochondrial DNA into target cells, the presence and content of EVs in biofluids have been exploited for biomarker research in the context of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment strategies. Additionally, owing to the characteristics of EVs such as stability in circulation, biocompatibility as well as low immunogenicity and toxicity, these vesicles have become attractive systems for the delivery of therapeutics. More recently, EVs are increasingly being exploited as conduits for delivery of therapeutics for anticancer strategies, immunomodulation, targeted drug delivery, tissue regeneration, and vaccination. In this review, we highlight and discuss the multiple strategies that are employed for the use of EVs as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents, including the potential advantages and challenges involved. Graphical abstract.

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  • Exosomes have gained particular interest in the field of mRNA delivery due to their unique ability to cross physiological barriers, favorable biocompatibility, low toxicity, cell-specific tropism, and ability to evade the mononuclear phagocytic system.

    “Exosomes have gained particular interest in the field of mRNA delivery due to their unique ability to cross physiological barriers, favorable biocompatibility, low toxicity, cell-specific tropism, and ability to evade the mononuclear phagocytic system [16, 17].”
  • Exosomes have gained growing attention in mRNA delivery because of their good biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, small size, unique capacity to traverse physiological barriers, and cell-specific tropism.

    “Exosomes have gained growing attention in mRNA delivery because of their good biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, small size, unique capacity to traverse physiological barriers, and cell-specific tropism.”

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  1. Vesicles Extracellular. Stem Cells Transl Med 6: 1730– 1739. PMC5689784 28714557

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Authors
Sil, S., Dagur, R. S., Liao, K., Peeples, E. S., Hu, G., Periyasamy, P., & Buch, S.
Affiliations
  • Nebraska Medical Center (US)
  • University of Nebraska Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
  • Hu, Guoku
  • Periyasamy, Palsamy
  • Buch, Shilpa
Venue
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology
Published
2019-08-27
Volume
15
Issue
3
Pages
422-442
ISSN
  • 1557-1890 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-1904
OpenAlex
W2970839635
Cited by
109
References
248
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5
FWCI
0.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
NIH (DA041751, DA043164, DA040397, MH112848, DA043138, DA042704, DA046831, DA044087)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
extracellular vesicles, treatment delivery, drug carriers, intercellular communication, biomarkers, cancer therapy, immunomodulation, targeted drug delivery, tissue regeneration, vaccination, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, biological fluids
MeSH terms
Extracellular Vesicles, Animals, Cell Communication, Drug Carriers, Humans, Biomarkers, Drug Delivery Systems, Immunomodulation, Bioengineering

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