The Gut Microbiome: A New Frontier in Autism Research
Open accessAbstract
The human gut harbors a complex community of microbes that profoundly influence many aspects of growth and development, including development of the nervous system. Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing methods have led to rapidly expanding knowledge about this gut microbiome. Here, we review fundamental emerging data on the human gut microbiome, with a focus on potential interactions between the microbiome and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and consider research on atypical patterns of feeding and nutrition in ASD and how they might interact with the microbiome. Finally we selectively survey results from studies in rodents on the impact of the microbiome on neurobehavioral development. The evidence reviewed here suggests that a deeper understanding of the gut microbiome could open up new avenues of research on ASD, including potential novel treatment strategies.
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Many children with ASD show abnormalities in GI physiology, including increased intestinal permeability, overall microbiota alterations, and gut infection with cresol-producing Clostridium difficile.
“Many ASD children have also been shown to carry abnormalities in GI physiology, including: increased intestinal permeability [34,35], overall microbiota alterations [36,37,38,39,40], and gut infection with cresol-producing Clostridium difficile [39,41,42,43,44].”
From Autism, Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Nutritional Interventions (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
This is the first meta-analysis that systematically reviewed published data and examined microbiota alterations in patients with ASD.
“Although several reviews suggested a microbiota alteration in patients with ASD (28, 30, 55–60), this is the first meta-analysis that systematically reviewed published data and examined microbiota alterations in patients with ASD.”
From Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Mulle, J. G., Sharp, W. G., & Cubells, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mulle, Jennifer G.
- Venue
- Current Psychiatry Reports
- Published
- 2013-01-10
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 337-337
- ISSN
- 1523-3812 (ISSN-L)
- 1535-1645
- PMC
- PMC3564498
- OpenAlex
- W2062067745
- Cited by
- 262
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 11
- FWCI
- 2.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Psychiatry Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F32MH080583)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, autism spectrum disorder, microbiome-gut-brain axis, neurobehavioral development, rodent models, brain development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autistic Disorder, Central Nervous System, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Gastrointestinal Tract
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