Digital platform ecosystems
Open accessAbstract
Digital platforms are an omnipresent phenomenon that challenges incumbents by changing how we consume and provide digital products and services. Whereas traditional firms create value within the boundaries of a company or a supply chain, digital platforms utilize an ecosystem of autonomous agents to co-create value. Scholars from various disciplines, such as economics, technology management, and information systems have taken different perspectives on digital platform ecosystems. In this Fundamentals article, we first synthesize research on digital platforms and digital platform ecosystems to provide a definition that integrates both concepts. Second, we use this definition to explain how different digital platform ecosystems vary according to three core building blocks: (1) platform ownership, (2) value-creating mechanisms, and (3) complementor autonomy. We conclude by giving an outlook on four overarching research areas that connect the building blocks: (1) technical properties and value creation; (2) complementor interaction with the ecosystem; (3) value capture; and (4) the make-or-join decision in digital platform ecosystems.
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Significant research gaps persist in explaining the emergence of a nascent digital platform and its progression into a wide-spanning DPE.
“Significant research gaps persist foremost in explaining the emergence of a nascent digital platform and its progression into a wide-spanning DPE.”
From Digital platform ecosystems in flux: From proprietary digital platforms to wide-spanning ecosystems (2023) · cites this paper as Hein et al., 2020
Re-occurring patterns and temporal dimensions of DPE emergence are relatively unexplored.
“Particularly re-occurring patterns and temporal dimensions of emergence continue to be relatively unexplored.”
From Digital platform ecosystems in flux: From proprietary digital platforms to wide-spanning ecosystems (2023) · cites this paper as Hein et al., 2020
A modular platform architecture separates platform from complement development and enables complements being combined without restrictions or negative impacts on stability, functionality, or performance.
“A modular platform architecture separates platform from complement development and enables complements being combined without restrictions or negative impacts on stability, functionality, or performance (Hein et al., 2020;Saadatmand et al., 2019).”
From Digital platform ecosystems in flux: From proprietary digital platforms to wide-spanning ecosystems (2023) · cites this paper as Hein et al., 2020
Shared platforms are owned by a consortium or a peer-to-peer community and may show different key activities in each stage or even an entirely different emergence pattern.
“Shared platforms are, however, owned by a consortium or a peer-topeer community (Hein et al., 2020) and may show different key activities in each stage or even an entirely different emergence pattern.”
From Digital platform ecosystems in flux: From proprietary digital platforms to wide-spanning ecosystems (2023) · cites this paper as Hein et al., 2020
Complementors not only contribute to the focal platform firms' value proposition, but also actively shape the entire DPE through their actions.
“Furthermore, it becomes evident that complementors not only contribute to the focal platform firms' value proposition, but also actively shape the entire DPE through their actions (Hein et al., 2020).”
From Digital platform ecosystems in flux: From proprietary digital platforms to wide-spanning ecosystems (2023) · cites this paper as Hein et al., 2020
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“…al., 2022), such as their multihoming strategy, platform product design decisions (Gregory et al., 2021) regarding software and hardware autonomy (Hein et al., 2020), or the type of value capture of platform participants (Alt, 2021; Clough & Wu, 2022; Hagiu & Wright, 2023), for example,…”
Influential
- Authors
- Hein, A., Schreieck, M., Riasanow, T., Setzke, D. S., Wiesche, M., Böhm, M., & Krcmar, H.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- TU Dortmund University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hein, Andreas
- ORCID
- Venue
- Electronic Markets
- Published
- 2019-11-12
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 87-98
- ISSN
- 1019-6781 (ISSN-L)
- 1422-8890
- OpenAlex
- W2985680329
- Cited by
- 945
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 168 · 2025: 175 · 2024: 158 · 2023: 153 · 2022: 157 · 2021: 93 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 111.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Electronic Markets (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Alexandria (UniSG) (University of St.Gallen) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Digital Platforms and Economics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Economy and Work Transformation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Diverse Legal and Medical Studies
- Keywords
- digital platforms, digital platform ecosystems, platform ownership, value capture, value co-creation, complementors, platform business models
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