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Cited by 163Tryptophan and brain disordersStress Responses and CortisolTreatment of Major Depression

The Association Between C-Reactive Protein Levels and Depression: Results from the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

Liukkonen, Timo, Silvennoinen-Kassinen, Sylvi, Jokelainen, Jari, Räsänen, Pirkko, Leinonen, Maija, Meyer-Rochow, V. Benno, Timonen, Markku·2006·Biological Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.016
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Abstract

Background To investigate whether depressive episodes (previous, current single, and recurrent) are associated in both genders with highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, earlier recommended for risk assessment of cardiovascular disease. The impact of the severity of current single and recurrent depressive episodes on this putative association was also investigated.Methods The genetically homogeneous Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort was followed until age 31, when, in a cross-sectional setting (n = 5269), the highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay (hs-EIA) method was used to measure CRP concentration. Depressive episodes were defined through mailed questionnaires, including Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and information on self-reported, doctor-diagnosed depression.Results After adjusting for confounders, logistic regression analyses showed that in male subjects, elevated hs-CRP levels (> or =1.0 mg/L) increased the probability for severe current and recurrent depressive episodes 1.7-fold and 3.1-fold, respectively. Correspondingly, an hs-CRP level of >3.0 mg/L increased the probability for recurrent depression up to 4.1-fold. In female subjects, no statistically significant associations were found.Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that an activation of systemic inflammatory processes may contribute to the pathophysiology of severe depression in men. Further investigations are needed regarding the impact of our findings on diagnostic/treatment strategies concerning severe and, especially recurrent, depression in men.

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  • This association was not found in women.

    “This association was not found in women [66].”

    From C-Reactive protein as a biomarker for major depressive disorder? (2022) · cites this paper as [66]

  • In 5269 participants, elevated CRP levels in males might increase the probability for severe current and recurrent depressive episodes.

    “From the genetically homogeneous Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, 5269 participants (2641 male and 2828 female) were assessed with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and were measured CRP levels, by reporting that elevated CRP levels in males might increase the probability for severe current and recurrent depressive episodes.”

    From C-Reactive protein as a biomarker for major depressive disorder? (2022) · cites this paper as [66]

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Authors
Liukkonen, T., Silvennoinen-Kassinen, S., Jokelainen, J., Räsänen, P., Leinonen, M., Meyer-Rochow, V. B., & Timonen, M.
Affiliations
  • Savonlinna Central Hospital (FI)
  • Oulu University Hospital (FI)
  • University of Oulu (FI)
Corresponding author
Liukkonen, Timo
ORCID
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-10
Volume
60
Issue
8
Pages
825-830
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.016
OpenAlex
W2081918929
Cited by
163
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
FWCI
4.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
C-reactive protein, depression, recurrent depression, severe depression, systemic inflammation, sex differences, Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, cardiovascular risk markers, depression pathophysiology
MeSH terms
Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Finland, Humans, Inflammation, Life Style, Male, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking, Cohort Studies, Logistic Models

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