Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

Makris, Nikos; Oscar-Berman, Marlene; Jaffin, Sharon Kim; Hodge, Steven M.; Kennedy, David N.; Caviness, Verne S.; Marinkovic, Ksenija; Breiter, Hans C.; Gasic, Gregory P.; Harris, Gordon J.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.01.018

Cited by 372Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

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Makris, Nikos, Oscar-Berman, Marlene, Jaffin, Sharon Kim, Hodge, Steven M., Kennedy, David N., Caviness, Verne S., Marinkovic, Ksenija, Breiter, Hans C. +2 more·2008·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.01.018PMC PMC2572710

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Abstract

Background Reinforcement of behavioral responses involves a complex cerebral circuit engaging specific neuronal networks that are modulated by cortical oversight systems affiliated with emotion, memory, judgment, and decision making (collectively referred to in this study as the "extended reward and oversight system" or "reward network"). We examined whether reward-network brain volumes are reduced in alcoholics and how volumes of subcomponents within this system are correlated with memory and drinking history.Methods Morphometric analysis was performed on magnetic resonance brain scans in 21 abstinent long-term chronic alcoholic men and 21 healthy control men, group-matched on age, verbal IQ, and education. We derived volumes of total brain and volumes of cortical and subcortical reward-related structures including the dorsolateral-prefrontal, orbitofrontal, cingulate cortices, and the insula, as well as the amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens septi (NAc), and ventral diencephalon.Results Morphometric analyses of reward-related regions revealed decreased total reward-network volume in alcoholic subjects. Volume reduction was most pronounced in right dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex, right anterior insula, and right NAc, as well as left amygdala. In alcoholics, NAc and anterior insula volumes increased with length of abstinence, and total reward-network and amygdala volumes correlated positively with memory scores.Conclusions The observation of decreased reward-network volume suggests that alcoholism is associated with alterations in this neural reward system. These structural reward system deficits and their correlation with memory scores elucidate underlying structural-functional relationships between alcoholism and emotional and cognitive processes.

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Several other studies observed that lower gray matter volumes were associated with higher addictive tendencies.
“Additionally, several other studies observed that lower gray matter volumes were associated with higher addictive tendencies [77,78].”
From Addictive Features of Social Media/Messenger Platforms and Freemium Games against the Background of Psychological and Economic Theories (2019) · cites this paper as [77]

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Authors: Makris, N., Oscar-Berman, M., Jaffin, S. K., Hodge, S. M., Kennedy, D. N., Caviness, V. S., Marinkovic, K., Breiter, H. C., Gasic, G. P., & Harris, G. J.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
Harvard University (US)
Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
ORCID: Makris, Nikos
Hodge, Steven M.
Kennedy, David N.
Gasic, Gregory P.
Harris, Gordon J.
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-08
Volume: 64
Issue: 3
Pages: 192-202
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.01.018
PMC: PMC2572710
OpenAlex: W2003775449
Cited by: 372
References: 112
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 29
FWCI: 12.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K01AA13402, K01AA013402, R37-AA07112, K05AA00219, R01AA007112, K05AA000219, R37AA007112)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (P20DA026002)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P50NS051343)
National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, M01RR001066, P41RR014075)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: alcoholism, brain reward system, brain atrophy, abstinence, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, memory, brain structural changes, chronic alcohol consumption
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcoholism, Brain, Brain Mapping, Educational Status, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Intelligence, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Reward, Case-Control Studies

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Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

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