Cited by 164Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersAnimal Nutrition and Physiology

Prior dietary practices and connections to a human gut microbial metacommunity alter responses to diet interventions

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Abstract

Ensuring that gut microbiota respond consistently to prescribed dietary interventions, irrespective of prior dietary practices (DPs), is critical for effective nutritional therapy. To address this, we identified DP-associated gut bacterial taxa in individuals either practicing chronic calorie restriction with adequate nutrition (CRON) or without dietary restrictions (AMER). When transplanted into gnotobiotic mice, AMER and CRON microbiota responded predictably to CRON and AMER diets but with variable response strengths. An individual's microbiota is connected to other individuals' communities ("metacommunity") by microbial exchange. Sequentially cohousing AMER-colonized mice with two different groups of CRON-colonized mice simulated metacommunity effects, resulting in enhanced responses to a CRON diet intervention and changes in several metabolic features in AMER animals. This response was driven by an influx of CRON DP-associated taxa. Certain DPs may impair responses to dietary interventions, necessitating the introduction of diet-responsive bacterial lineages present in other individuals and identified using the strategies described.

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  • Long-term consumption of plant-rich diets with restricted caloric intake has been associated with richer and more phylogenetically diverse fecal microbiota.

    “Indeed, long-term consumption of plant-rich diets with restricted caloric intake has been associated with richer and more phylogenetic diverse fecal microbiota (97).”
  • Reprogramming human gut microbial functions through long-term adherence to healthier plant-rich diets may influence the physiologic response to specific nutrients, to calorie restriction, and to other features of host biology that are instrumental in promoting health and longevity.

    “This is important because accumulating evidence suggest that reprogramming human gut microbial functions through long-term adherence to healthier plant-rich diets may influence the physiologic response to specific nutrients, to calorie restriction and to other features of host biology that are instrumental in promoting health and longevity (97,99).”

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Authors
Griffin, N. W., Ahern, P. P., Cheng, J., Heath, A. C., Ilkayeva, O., Newgard, C. B., Fontana, L., & Gordon, J. I.
Affiliations
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Duke University (US)
Corresponding author
Gordon, Jeffrey I.
Venue
Cell Host & Microbe
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-01
Volume
21
Issue
1
Pages
84-96
ISSN
1931-3128 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2566240738
Cited by
164
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 20
FWCI
12.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell Host & Microbe (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Brescia) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • NIH (DK078669, DK70977, DK30292)
  • NIH postdoctoral training grant (T32 DK007120)
  • Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust (096100)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Keywords
gut microbiota, dietary habits, metacommunity, gnotobiotic mice, microbial transplantation, microbial exchange, cohousing, nutritional therapy
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Diet, Feces, Feeding Behavior, Germ-Free Life, Humans, Male, Caloric Restriction, Gastrointestinal Tract, Mice

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