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Structural plasticity of dendritic spines
Open accessAbstract
Dendritic spines are small mushroom-like protrusions arising from neurons where most excitatory synapses reside. Their peculiar shape suggests that spines can serve as an autonomous postsynaptic compartment that isolates chemical and electrical signaling. How neuronal activity modifies the morphology of the spine and how these modifications affect synaptic transmission and plasticity are intriguing issues. Indeed, the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) or depression (LTD) is associated with the enlargement or shrinkage of the spine, respectively. This structural plasticity is mainly controlled by actin filaments, the principal cytoskeletal component of the spine. Here we review the pioneering microscopic studies examining the structural plasticity of spines and propose how changes in actin treadmilling might regulate spine morphology.
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“For example, during spine enlargement, rapid actin polymerization provides the mechanical force required for pushing out the spine membrane (Bosch and Hayashi, 2012).”
From Barriers in the brain: resolving dendritic spine morphology and compartmentalization (2014) · cites this paper as Bosch and Hayashi, 2012
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“Reliable correlates of LTP are the remodelling and enlargement of postsynaptic dendritic spines, which are small protrusions that are associated with most excitatory synapses43.”
From The right time to learn: Mechanisms and optimization of spaced learning (2016) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bosch, M., & Hayashi, Y.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Hayashi, Yasunori
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 383-388
- ISSN
- 0959-4388 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4281347
- OpenAlex
- W1983230142
- Cited by
- 415
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- RIKEN
- NIH (R01DA17310)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- dendritic spines, structural plasticity, dendritic spine morphology, actin cytoskeleton, actin treadmilling, long-term potentiation, long-term depression, synaptic plasticity, postsynaptic compartment, excitatory synapses
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Models, Biological, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Ultrasonography, Dendritic Spines
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