The Molecular and Systems Biology of Memory
Open accessAbstract
Learning and memory are two of the most magical capabilities of our mind. Learning is the biological process of acquiring new knowledge about the world, and memory is the process of retaining and reconstructing that knowledge over time. Most of our knowledge of the world and most of our skills are not innate but learned. Thus, we are who we are in large part because of what we have learned and what we remember and forget. In this Review, we examine the molecular, cellular, and circuit mechanisms that underlie how memories are made, stored, retrieved, and lost.
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Synaptic plasticity changes can be short-lived or long-term.
“These changes can be short-lived, resulting in a more dynamic synaptic state, or long-term, resulting in a change in synaptic efficacy that can last for several months if not longer (Kandel et al., 2014).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Kandel et al., 2014
Within the dorsal horn, learning-related genes included both broadly expressed genes such as Camk2a (CAMK2α) and cell type-specific genes such as Prkcg (PKCγ).
“Within the dorsal horn, this included both broadly expressed genes such as Camk2a (CAMK2α) as well as cell type-specific genes such as Prkcg (PKCγ)31.”
From A harmonized atlas of mouse spinal cord cell types and their spatial organization (2021) · cites this paper as [31]
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“NMDA receptor, as glutamate receptors (Vyklicky et al., 2014), plays an integral role in synaptic plasticity, which underlies memory formation (Kandel et al., 2014). mGlu5 receptors, abundant in corticolimbic circuitry, regulate cognitive functions depend on NMDA receptors, including learning and…”
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- Authors
- Kandel, E. R., Dudai, Y., & Mayford, M. R.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- Scripps Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kandel, Eric R.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 163-186
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2122682406
- Cited by
- 1,134
- References
- 295
- Citations by year
- 2026: 70 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 105 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 117 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 98 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 83 · 2016: 77 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 17
- FWCI
- 7.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- memory, learning, memory storage, memory retrieval, memory loss, molecular mechanisms of memory, neural circuits
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Humans, Learning, Memory, Neurons, Sleep, Synapses, Systems Biology
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